scholarly journals Multivariate regression analysis of dairy characteristics of Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 214 (11) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Galina Karlikova ◽  
A. Konte
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Factor Regression

Abstract. The purpose of the research is the possibility of applying the equation of multiple two-factor regression to reveal the reliable conjugacy of signs affecting the level of milk productivity of Holstein cows. Research methods. The research was carried out in CJSC BP “Aksin’ino” of Stupinskiy district of the Moscow region. Based on the IAS “SELEX”, a database was created, including a sample of 11 017 heads. Data on milk productivity were taken for 305 days of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and maximum lactation. Results. For 305 days of the 1st lactation, milk yield averaged 7909.5 kg of milk, for the 2nd – 8289.1 kg (p ≤ 0,001) and the 3rd lactation – 8446.2 kg (p ≤ 0,001). Milk yield for maximum lactation was 8964.3 kg of milk (p ≤ 0.001). The fat and protein content in cow milk between the 1st and 3rd lactation is 4.03–4.08 and 3.22–3.23 %. The multiple two-factor regression coefficient represents the response bias from 7787.81–8239.00 (1st, 2nd, 3rd lactation) to 8841.63 (maximum lactation). The scattering diagrams of the multiple regression model show that the value of the variable "milk yield" is statistically dependent on the indicators of the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk. The coefficient of determination at the level of 0.997–0.998 indicates that the regression equation explains 99.7–99.8 % of the variance of the effective feature. The significance of Fischer’s F-test indicates the high reliability of the results and the absence of randomness and the presence of a pattern justified in our study. The fat and protein content had a negative relationship with milk yield (p ≤ 0,001) by lactation. High values of the relationship between milk yield and protein content (–0.518…–0.766), fat and protein content (0.626–0,784) were obtained. Scientific novelty. For the first time, studies were conducted on the correspondence of the equation model to the experimental data obtained, and the presence of the number of independent variables (mass fraction of fat and protein) included in the equation to describe the dependent variable (milk yield).

scholarly journals Cows‘ milk productivity determining method

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Valentin Golovan ◽  
Mariya Galicheva ◽  
Denis Osepchuk ◽  
Tamara Nepshekueva ◽  
Aleksandr Suvorov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Stress Load ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Conversion Coefficients

Cows’ milk productivity determining method of includes: determining the amount of milk during control milking, milk sampling and analyzing its fat and protein content for each milking, they are the same indicators for the day; calculating the conversion coefficients of milk amount and the mass fraction of fat and protein for each milking into daily indicators. Then one control milking is performed per day, and the same indicator is calculated for the same type of feeding, maintenance, and milking based on its indicators multiplied by the Corresponding coefficient. The time intervals between milking being unequal, milk productivity is more accurately determined by a single milk yield after a longer interval between them. For this method, milk cows are taken from the tenth day of lactation and more. The method allows reducing labor costs and working hours of operators and laboratory assistants to daily determine the dairy productivity of cows, as well as to reduce the stress load on animals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of highly productive cows by selection and genetic parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
T. V. Pidpala ◽  
Yu. S. Matashnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level

Under the conditions of intensive technologies used in production of livestock products, the main selection feature that characterizes the economic feasibility of dairy farming and breeding value of animals is milk productivity. One of the factors that affects, not only the economy of production, but also the improvement of herds and breeds of cattle, is the use of highly productive cows. Therefore, the aim of our research was to assess the level of development of productive traits in Holstein cows under the conditions of intensive milk production technology, according to selection and genetic parameters. To conduct the study, a group of 1089 first-born cows was formed with the help of the Dairy Comp program and Microsoft Excel. The material for the research was the milk productivity of Holstein cows during the first three lactations. The level of development of selection traits in animals was determined by selection and genetic parameters. It was found that from the sample n = 1089 to the group of highly productive animals (“>10560”) were included 266 cows, and low-productive animals (“<8706”) – 249 first-borns. They had an average milk yield for the first lactation, 11439 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.96 % and 7737 kg of milk and 3.95 %, respectively. There is a difference in milk yield, milk fat and protein between the groups of cows “>10614” and “<8706”, but there is a general tendency towards changes in productivity with age. Based on the data of milk recurrence and the amount of milk fat of high-yielding cows (group “>10614”), it was found that higher values of the coefficient are characteristic of lactations I–III (rw= 0.105; rw= 0.135). As a result of comparative analysis it was found that low-yielding animals (group “<8706”) were characterized by higher recurrence rates for I–II and I–III lactation (rw = 0.345;rw = 0.316;rw = 0.320 and rw = 0.664;rw = 0.646;rw = 0.651, respectively). Higher rates of recurrence of traits of milk productivity are the characteristic of low-yielding cows (group “<8706”), i.e. they had more consistency of traits during different lactations and animals with a high level of productivity did not differ in age constancy. At a high level of milk yield in cows of group “>10614” appeared a negative correlation of low and medium level (r = -0.423). It was also found a negative correlation of low and medium level between milk yield and protein content in milk (r = -0.007… -0.332). At lower milk yields, there is no negative correlation between milk yield and fat content in milk. Thus, the existence of a negative correlation between milk yield and fat content in milk at a high level of animal productivity, and between milk yield and protein content in milk at both high and low levels of cow productivity was proved.

COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
G. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
G. A. Holyosa ◽  
A. V. Tuchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals Influence of reproductive qualities on dairy productivity of cows of the Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Maria Grinchuk ◽  
Yulia Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of work is to explore influence of first fruitful insemination, service period and dry period to dairy productivity of Simmental cows. The research is aimed at studying the milk production of Simmental cows with different levels of reproductive qualities. The result of the research, a relation was established between the age of the first fruitful insemination, the duration of the service period, the duration of the dry period and milk production performance. It has been established that the age of the first fruitful insemination at 18-24 months has the most beneficial effect on subsequent milk production. The service period of 90-120 days has a positive effect to an increase in milk yield per 305 days of lactation, the longer service period negatively affects to the mass fraction of fat. With an increase in the duration of the dry period, the mass fraction of fat increases, but milk yield decreases. The influence of reproductive qualities to the milk protein is negligible. It was revealed that the age of the first insemination at 18-24 months is the most profitable for production. According to the results of the research, it can be judged that reproductive qualities, in combination with other factors, affect the milk productivity of Simmental cows.

MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE WITH DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF PROLACTIN AND SOMATOTROPIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Л.Р. ЗАГИДУЛЛИН ◽  
Р.Р. ШАЙДУЛЛИН ◽  
Т.М. АХМЕТОВ ◽  
С.В. ТЮЛЬКИН ◽  
А.Б. МОСКВИЧЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Prl Gene

Изучена взаимосвязь аллельных вариантов генов пролактина и соматотропина с показателями молочной продуктивности коров черно-пестрой породы по 1 и 3 лактации. У первотелок, как и у полновозрастных животных,  наиболее высокий удой (4642 и 6240 кг), количество молочного жира (174,1 и 215,0 кг) и молочного белка (149,0 и 182,5 кг) достигнуты в группе с генотипом PRL АА. По массовой доле жира и белка в молоке коровы с генотипом PRL ВВ достоверно превосходили животных с генотипом PRL АА на 0,12% (Р<0,05) и 0,05% (Р<0,05) соответственно. По гену соматотропина наибольший уровень молочной продуктивности выявлен у коров с генотипом GH LL при достоверном преимуществе над GH VV у первотелок по удою на 439 кг (Р<0,01), выходу молочного жира — на 13,6 кг (Р<0,001), выходу молочного белка — на 15,3 кг (Р<0,01). У полновозрастных коров превышение над остальными группами было только по удою — на 219—548 кг (Р<0,05). Наибольшая жирномолочность характерна животным с генотипом GH VV по 1 лактации — 3,83% и по 3 лактации — 3,82%, а лучшая белковомолочность — коровам, имеющим аллель V гена GH:  3,21 и 3,23% соответственно. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о более высоком уровне молочной продуктивности у коров с генотипом PRL АА и GH LL, но лучшая жирномолочность и белковомолочность отмечены у особей, имеющих в своем генотипе аллели В гена PRL и V гена GH. The interrelation of allelic variants of prolactin and somatotropin genes with indicators of milk productivity of black-and-white cows for the 1st and 3rd lactation was studied. The highest milk yield (4642 and 6240 kg) amount of milk fat (174.1 and 215.0 kg) and milk protein (149.0 and 182.5 kg) were in the group with the PRL AA genotype in first-calf heifers as well as in full-age animals. In terms of the mass fraction of fat and protein of milk, the cows with the PRL BB genotype significantly exceeded animals with the PRL AA genotype by 0.12% (P<0.05) and 0.05% (P<0.05), respectively. According to the somatotropin gene, the highest level of milk productivity was revealed in cows with the GH LL genotype with a significant advantage over GH VV in first-calf heifers in milk yield by 439 kg (P<0.01), milk fat yield by 13.6 kg (P<0.001), milk protein yield by 15.3 kg (P<0.01). The excess over the other groups in full-age cows was only in terms of milk yield that was by 219-548 kg (P<0.05). The highest protein content of milk is a characteristic of animals with the GH VV genotype, 3.83% is for the 1st lactation and 3.82% is for the 3rd lactation, and the best protein content of milk in cows with V allele of the GH gene is 3.21 and 3.23%, respectively. The obtained data  indicated a higher level of milk productivity in cows with the PRL AA and GH LL genotypes but the best fat and milk content was noted in cows with alleles B of the PRL gene and V of the GH gene in their genotype.

Introducing a sinusoidal equation to describe lactation curves for cumulative milk yield and composition in Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh ◽  
Hassan Darmani Kuhi ◽  
James France ◽  
Secundino López
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Lactation Curve

AbstractThe aim of the work reported here was to investigate the appropriateness of a sinusoidal function by applying it to model the cumulative lactation curves for milk yield and composition in primiparous Holstein cows, and to compare it with three conventional growth models (linear, Richards and Morgan). Data used in this study were 911 144 test-day records for milk, fat and protein yields, which were recorded on 834 dairy herds from 2000 to 2011 by the Animal Breeding Centre and Promotion of Animal Products of Iran. Each function was fitted to the test-day production records using appropriate procedures in SAS (PROC REG for the linear model and PROC NLIN for the Richards, Morgan and sinusoidal equations) and the parameters were estimated. The models were tested for goodness of fit using adjusted coefficient of determination $\lpar {R_{{\rm adj}}^2 } \rpar $, root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). $R_{{\rm adj}}^2 $ values were generally high (>0.999), implying suitable fits to the data, and showed little differences among the models for cumulative yields. The sinusoidal equation provided the lowest values of RMSE, AIC and BIC, and therefore the best fit to the lactation curve for cumulative milk, fat and protein yields. The linear model gave the poorest fit to the cumulative lactation curve for all production traits. The current results show that classical growth functions can be fitted accurately to cumulative lactation curves for production traits, but the new sinusoidal equation introduced herein, by providing best goodness of fit, can be considered a useful alternative to conventional models in dairy research.

scholarly journals Productivity of fi rst-calf cows of different sire lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. G. Kolchev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
High Level ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The results of the study of milk productivity and lactation rates of fi rst-calf cows are presented. The research into fi rst-calf cows of black-andwhite Holstein breed, belonging to sire lines of Wis Ideal 1013415 and Refl ection Sovereign 198998 was conducted in 2018 in Novosibirsk region. The number of cows under study was 64, the period of the study covered 305 days of lactation. Monitoring of milk production, milk fl ow intensity, fat and protein content was carried out monthly. The research materials were analyzed for groups of cows depending on their sire line and productivity for single and daily milk yield, fat and protein content, and dynamics of milk ejection for the fi rst 3 minutes of milking. The highest daily milk yield in both lines was observed in the second month of lactation. In the fourth and fi fth months of lactation, the average daily milk yield of Refl ection Sovereign cows was signifi cantly higher (р < 0.001) than that of their peers of the Vis Ideal line, by 1.3 kg. During the lactation period, the productivity of the Vis Ideal and Refl ection Sovereign cows was almost the same: milk yield – 8296 and 8220 kg, fat content – 4.02 and 4.06%, protein – 3.36 and 3.35% and milk fl ow intensity – 2.70 and 2.78 kg/min, respectively. In the second and third months of lactation, cows of both lines had a decrease in the content of fat, protein and intensity of milk fl ow with a gradual increase in these indices in the fourth and fi fth months of lactation. First-calf cows of the black-and-white breed of Canadian selection of different sire lines showed a high level of milk productivity and proved to be suitable for further breeding work.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR GENODIAGNOSTICS OF PRODUCER BULLS BY ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
F.F. Zinnatov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Dgat1 Gene ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the results of the analysis of the relationship between the DGAT1 gene polymorphism and economically valuable traits, it was concluded that animals with the DGAT1KK genotype have the highest milk yield and fat content. When analyzing the relationship of CSN3 gene polymorphism with milk productivity, it was found that higher rates are characteristic of mothers cows with a homozygous CSN3BB genotype. Animals of this group have an advantage, in comparison with the AB and AA genotypes, in milk yield, protein content, mass yield of fat and protein. When studying the data of the relationship between the LGB gene polymorphism and economically valuable traits, it was concluded that animals with the homozygous LGBBB genotype have the highest milk yield, fat, protein content, mass fat and protein yield.

scholarly journals PSI-23 Injectable Trace minerals (selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese) on milk yield performance after an aflatoxin challenge in multiparous Holstein cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 240-240
Author(s):  
Juliette Nye
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
True Protein

Abstract The project involved a randomized complete block design study assessing the effect of a commercially available mineral supplement on Holstein cow milk production after a mycotoxin challenge using Aflatoxin B1. 63 multiparous Holstein cows were used in the study, housed in tie stall barns, with 21 cows per period in each of three, 63 day periods. Milk yield was taken three times daily over the experimental period, and the total amount of milk produced over the experimental time period was assessed both before and after the Aflatoxin challenge. Composite milk samples from 2 days in the last week were analyzed for contents of fat, true protein, urea nitrogen content, lactose, total solids, and somatic cell count. The decreased number of positive SNAP tests in Treatment Period 3 (12.19 average positive SNAP tests) with the use of a mineral supplement after the aflatoxin challenge in comparison to Treatment Period 2 (12.95 average positive SNAP tests) in which there was no mineral supplement used, it can be concluded that the use of a mineral supplement is effective at reducing Aflatoxin content in milk yield.

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