scholarly journals Penerapan Bottom-up Approach sebagai Dasar Pembelajaran Penerjemahan PKM Remaja Masjid Jami Baiturrahman Jakarta Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ayu Bandu Retnomurti ◽  
Nurmala Hendrawaty

The purpose of this community service is how to implement the bottom-up approach is used as a basis for Indonesian-English or English-Indonesian translation learning for teenagers of Jami Baiturrahman Mosque in West Jakarta Even Semester 2018/2019. It focuses on: (1) translation theory must be mastered by students so that learning objectives are achieved and must be adapted to the cultural context of the source language; (2) various basic translation strategies; (3) translation teaching materials are arranged from an easy level to a difficult level in accordance with the school level; (4) learning material is developed with learning media that can motivate students; (5) community service team and youth work together to create conducive learning situations; (6) the use of infrastructure and learning media is sufficiently adjusted to the place of learning; (7) evaluation of translations is based on the accuracy, fairness, and clarity of the text. Based on the evaluation, there are still some students make repeated translation errors in the use of grammar, interpret idioms and look for the equivalent of the language from the source into the target language.

Author(s):  
Isabel Duran-Muñoz ◽  
Katia Peruzzo

Nella traduzione di testi che riguardano tematiche ambientali dallo spagnolo all’italiano o viceversa, il traduttore spesso incontra termini che a prima vista possono sembrare equivalenti assoluti, come parque regional in spagnolo e parco regionale in italiano. Tuttavia, questi termini a volte possono dare luogo a errori di traduzione o problemi di interpretazione del testo di partenza, essendo il prodotto della cultura di origine e quindi diversi dal punto di vista sociale, politico e amministrativo. I traduttori devono quindi essere consapevoli delle differenze per evitare i tranelli linguistici che possono portare ad errori di interpretazione e di resa del testo di partenza nella lingua di arrivo. In questo articolo si presenta uno studio condotto su un corpus parallelo spagnolo-italiano composto di testi turistici sulla promozione delle aree naturali protette in Spagna, a cui si affianca l’analisi delle fonti normative nazionali, internazionali ed eurounitarie. Lo scopo dello studio è fornire una descrizione delle differenze e somiglianze a livello concettuale e terminologico nel settore della tutela ambientale, basata sull’analisi delle classificazioni e delle caratteristiche delle aree naturali protette. Nel materiale analizzato si individuano differenze e somiglianze tra i termini specifici delle due culture in esame, mentre la disamina delle traduzioni presenti nel corpus parallelo permette di identificare i principali problemi traduttivi ed eventuali errori di traduzione. Infine, i corpora comparabili monolingui e le fonti normative vengono considerati strumenti fondamentali che permettono di evitare errori traduttivi e selezionare le strategie traduttive più adeguate, come la domesticazione e la stranierizzazione (Venuti 1995) o l’espansione e la semplificazione, al fine di rendere più fruibili i testi tradotti e consentire sia ai destinatari della lingua di partenza che a quelli della lingua di arrivo di condividere se non proprio la stessa realtà concettuale, una realtà molto simile.   Abstract   In the process of translating Italian-Spanish environmental texts, translators frequently come across terms which at first glance might seem to be perfect translation equivalents, such as parque natural in Spanish and parco naturale in Italian, which can sometimes result in mistranslation and misinterpretation. These terms are embedded in cultures and, thus, different both from a social and a political perspective. Consequently, translators must be aware of these underlying differences so as to avoid possible pitfalls in interpreting the content and translating the texts correctly. This article presents a study carried out on a Spanish-Italian parallel corpus of tourist texts dealing with the promotion of protected natural areas in Spain, which is accompanied by an analysis of the legal sources at national, international and European levels. The purpose of the study is to provide a description of the differences and similarities at the conceptual and terminological levels in the specific field of environmental protection, based on the analysis of the characteristics and classifications of protected natural areas. The use of these resources will identify the differences and similarities between the specific terms of the two cultures examined (the Italian and Spanish), while the discussion of translations in Italian in the parallel corpus allows to highlight the major translation problems and potential translation errors. Finally, the use of the comparable monolingual corpora and the consultation of legal sources are seen as key tools that help translators to avoid errors and to select the most appropriate translation strategies, such as domestication or foreignization (Venuti 1995) and amplification or simplification in order to make the translated texts more accessible and allow both the recipients of the source language and those of the target language to share if not exactly the same conceptual reality, a very similar reality.   Resumen   En la traducción de textos sobre temas ambientales del español al italiano o vice versa, el traductor se enfrenta a menudo a términos que a primera vista pueden parecer equivalentes absolutos, como parque regional en español y parque regional en italiano. Sin embargo, estos términos a veces puede conducir a errores en la traducción o a una interpretación inadecuada en el texto meta debido a la relación del texto origen con la cultura origen. Por lo tanto, los traductores deben ser conscientes de estas diferencias entre la cultura origen y la meta a fin de evitar posibles errores de interpretación y transmitir correctamente el mensaje original. En este artículo se presenta un estudio llevado a cabo en un corpus paralelo español-italiano compuesto por textos turísticos relacionados con la promoción de las áreas naturales protegidas en España, junto con un análisis de las fuentes aplicables nacionales, internacionales y comunitarias. El propósito del estudio es proporcionar una descripción de las diferencias y similitudes en el plano conceptual y terminológico en el ámbito de la protección del medio ambiente, basado ​​en el análisis de las características y clasificaciones de las áreas naturales protegidas. En el material analizado se identifican similitudes y diferencias entre los términos específicos de las dos culturas en cuestión, mientras que el examen de las traducciones en el corpus paralelo se utiliza para identificar los principales problemas de traducción y errores de traducción. Finalmente, los corpus monolingües y la normativa al respecto se consideran herramientas fundamentales para evitar los errores de traducción y seleccionar las estrategias de traducción más apropiadas, tales como la domesticación y extranjerización (Venuti 1995) o la amplificación y la simplificación, con el fin de producir unos textos traducidos más accesibles y ofrecer tanto a los destinatarios de la lengua de origen como a los de la lengua meta una realidad compartida, si no exactamente la misma desde un punto de vista conceptual, sí muy similar.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
KINGA KLAUDY ◽  
PÁL HELTAI

AbstractThis paper describes the distinctive features of cultural back-translation. This term is employed here to refer to the translation of source texts into a target language from which most or all of the culture-specific elements of the source text were drawn. It makes an attempt to provide a systematic analysis of the distinctive features of this type of translation with special reference to the concepts of domestication and foreignization. The findings show that cultural back-translation is necessarily domesticating, or more precisely, re-domesticating. Re-domestication has several types: re-domestication proper, repatriation and additional domestication. Domesticating and foreignizing strategies work out differently in cultural back-translation: domestication does not mean adjustment to a different culture but restoring the original cultural context. In re-domestication the distribution of translation strategies used is different from those used in domestication and the purpose and effects of various strategies are different. The whole process from text composition to back-translation may be described as a process of double domestication. It is claimed that while domestication in general reduces readers’ processing effort by sacrificing some contextual effects, redomestication reduces processing effort and at the same time may increase contextual effects. It is concluded that the study of cultural back-translation is worthy of more serious attention and further lines of inquiry are suggested.


Author(s):  
Mohammed S. El Haj Ahmed ◽  
Rola A. Mansour

This study investigates the translation strategies used in translating 25 cultural references and expressions in Mourid Barghouty’s autobiography ‘I Was Born There, I Was Born Here’ (2009) from Arabic into English. The results of this research may assist the trainee translators to improve their understanding of the effect of culture on the quality of the translation. The researchers adopt two theoretical models: Venuti’s domestication and foreignization (1998) and Ivir’s (1987) procedures for the translation of cultural references. This study tries to find out to what extent the translation has accounted to render the original cultural bound expressions maintaining their meaning in the target language. The researchers adopt a qualitative research since the data analysis is based on analytical and descriptive approaches. After analyzing the selected data, the researchers find out that the domestication strategy has been the most frequently-used strategy at (52%), and foreignization comes second at (48%). The procedure of substitution has been used the most (seven times), followed by literal translation and borrowing with the same number of times (six times), then defining the elements of culture (four times), then omission (twice). Lexical creation and addition have not been used at all. The findings also show that the translator has managed to capture the intended meaning sought by the original author in most extracts. The researchers recommend that translators of culture-bound expressions should be aware of the two involved cultures. This helps them to determine the cultural context in which a text takes place, so they can achieve the closest equivalents in the target text.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed El-Haj Ahmed ◽  
Rola A. Mansour

This study investigates the translation strategies used in translating 25 cultural references and expressions in Mourid Barghouty’s autobiography ‘I Was Born There, I Was Born Here’ (2009) from Arabic into English. The results of this research may assist the trainee translators to improve their understanding of the effect of culture on the quality of the translation. The researchers adopt two theoretical models: Venuti’s domestication and foreignization (1998) and Ivir’s (1987) procedures for the translation of cultural references. This study tries to find out to what extent the translation has accounted to render the original cultural bound expressions maintaining their meaning in the target language. The researchers adopt a qualitative research since the data analysis is based on analytical and descriptive approaches. After analyzing the selected data, the researchers find out that the domestication strategy has been the most frequently-used strategy at (52%), and foreignization comes second at (48%). The procedure of substitution has been used the most (seven times), followed by literal translation and borrowing with the same number of times (six times), then defining the elements of culture (four times), then omission (twice). Lexical creation and addition have not been used at all. The findings also show that the translator has managed to capture the intended meaning sought by the original author in most extracts. The researchers recommend that translators of culture-bound expressions should be aware of the two involved cultures. This helps them to determine the cultural context in which a text takes place, so they can achieve the closest equivalents in the target text.


Author(s):  
Airong Wu ◽  
◽  
Kun Liu ◽  

The concept of national-oriented translation as a part of the cultural translation theory becomes most relevant during the translation of fiction books into languages where the native speakers’ cultural context is far from what is narrated in the text of the translated work. The problem may be even more complicated if the language of the translated work is not the language of the described culture. This problem is exemplified by the Chinese translation of V. G. Yan’s novel “Genghis Khan”, which was written in Russian and depicts the complexity of socio-cultural processes in Central Asia during the 13th century. The description of the most important elements of material culture presented in the novel reflects the diversity of the material culture of the peoples of Central Asia. The article analyzes typical errors and inaccuracies in the translation of concepts that denote objects of material culture of Central Asian peoples. The authors attempt to identify the causes of translation errors: translator errors that arose due to differences in the semantic systems of the Russian and Chinese languages, as well as errors related to cultural differences between the peoples of Central Asia and China. The methodological basis of the research is Yuri Naida’s concept of dynamic equivalence as well as the principles of functional equivalence of the original and translated texts proposed by L. K. Latyshev. The source of material for the comparative analysis is the translation of the novel “Genghis Khan” into Chinese by Chen Hongfa. As a result of the analysis of errors and generalization of theoretical provisions, the authors propose three translation principles in order to avoid errors in the translation of names for objects of material culture, namely: the principles of “Double definition”, “Semantic correspondence” and “Addition of translation by explaining the connotative meaning of the word”. Adherence to these principles will allow translators to bring the translated text closer to the original text in both functional and communicative as well as semantic and structural ways.


Author(s):  
Eka Murti

This research aims to obtain a deeper understanding of the Indonesian cultural terms in the novel Tarian Bumi and their translation into English, Earth Dance. This research focuses on the use of translation strategies, equivalences, errors, and factors affecting the errors. It uses a qualitative approach with the content analysis method. Both of the novels were read to find data. The collected data was divided, analyzed, and compared with their translation. The data analysis and explanation indicate that the strategy used in the translation of the cultural terms is a translation procedure amounted to 11 procedures, couplets and triplets are also used. The translation is oriented towards the source language because the translator often used procedures and equivalence oriented to the source language. The result of this research is also to look for translation errors of cultural terms and factors affecting the errors and to find how to solve them. It is caused by knowledge of the translator and different cultures. This research will give some benefits for those who are interested in studying the translation theory and other students who want to research Indonesian cultural terms translated into English.


Author(s):  
Ary Fadjar Isdiati

This article describes the translation strategy used by John H. McGlynn to translate Sapardi Djoko Damono's poem Sajak Orang Gila into English with the title Ballad of a Crazy Man, and see: Has this translation’s poem  equality in word level.  If not, what is the cause.  The method is descriptive qualitative. Data sources are the poem Sajak Orang Gila and Ballad of a Crazy Man. Words, phrases, and sentences in all the stanzas and lines were analyzed using the poetry translation theory by Andre Lavefere to determine the translation strategies used to translate the poem, and using the theory of the cause of inequality by Mona Baker.  The analysis shows that the translation strategy used by John H. McGlynn are literal and interpretation translation strategy.  The literal translation strategy is used to translate 11 stanzas, and the interpretation translation strategy is used to translate 2 stanzas. In general, the translation of this poem is good, because the meaning in the source poem is conveyed well in the target poem.  However, in the translation of some stanzas found incompatible meanings in words.  There are 3 causes of discrepancies found, namely: 1) Differences in physical or interpersonal perspectives; 2) The target language lack a special term (hyponym); and 3) Differences in expressive meaning.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairani Hayat Situmorang ◽  
I. W. Dirgeyasa ◽  
Zainuddin Zainuddin

The research dealt with Metaphor Sentences. The aims of this study were: (1) to find out the translation strategies of metaphors are used in The Magic of Thinking Big and (2) to describe the translation strategies maintain metaphors in The Magic of Thinking Big. The research was conducted by using qualitative design. The data of this study were sentences. The data were collected through documentary technique and the instrument was the documentary sheet. The technique of data analysis was descriptive. The finding of this study revealed that: (1) The metaphor in The magic of Thinking Big were translated by applying six translation strategies, namely: word for word Translation (5.3%) lieral translation (4.3%), faithful translation (57.5%), Free translation (3.2%), communicative translation (30.5%) and discursive creation was found (2.2%). (2) The metaphors are maintained that found in the Magic of Thinking Big are original metaphors turned into another original metaphors, stock metaphors turned into another stock metaphors, adapted metaphors turned into adapted metaphors, dead metaphors turned into dead metaphors, original metaphor turned into stock metaphor, stock metaphor turned into original metaphor, meanwhile, 10 original metaphors and 1 dead metaphor are no longer classified as metaphors. Language has special characteristic that is metaphor sentences, therefore in the case of translating of metaphor sentences in which their concept in unknown for readers, the translator often faces the problems to find out the translation strategies to translate metaphor in a source language (SL) and how the metaphor sentences are maintained in the target language (TL).Keywords : Metaphor, Translation Strategies, Maintain Metaphor


Fachsprache ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Margarete Flöter-Durr ◽  
Thierry Grass

Despite the work of Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson (1989), the concept of relevance has not enjoyed the popularity it deserved among translators as it appears to be more productive in information science and sociology than in translation studies. The theory of relevance provides underpinnings of a unified account of translation proposed by Ernst-August Gutt. However, if the concept of relevance should take into account all parameters of legal translation, the approach should be pragmatic and not cognitive: The aim of a relevant translation is to produce a legal text in the target language which appears relevant to the lawyer in the target legal system, namely a text that can be used in the same way as the original source text. The legal translator works as a facilitator from one legal system into another and relevance is the core of this pragmatic approach which requires translation techniques like adaptation rather than through-translation or calque (in the terminology of Delisle/Lee-Jahnk/Cormier 1999). This contribution tries to show that relevance theory, which was developed in the field of sociology by Alfred Schütz, could also be applied to translation theory with the aim of producing a correct translation in a concrete situation. Some examples extracted from one year of the practice of an expert law translator (German-French) at the Court of Appeal in the Alsace region illustrate our claim and underpin an approach of legal translation and its heuristics that is both pragmatic and reflexive.


Author(s):  
Bairon Oswaldo Vélez

This paper comments on the first Spanish translation of João Guimarães Rosa's short story "Páramo", which narrates the exile of a Brazilian lost with mountain sickness in a cold and hostile Bogotá. This translation is briefly explained in the following pages, giving special emphasis to some prominent features of the original version, in addition to the cultural context, critical and theoretical readings and the translation strategy evident in the translator‘s intervention. Finally, it is made clear how a certain perspective of the other – present in the original version as well – passes through the translation process and indicates the conditions of its presentation in the target language. The original article is in Portuguese.


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