The general practitioner in charge of addictive behavior: An exploratory study in Monastir city, Tunisia.

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.32512/jmr.4.1.2021/3.6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3-6

Keyword(s):

General Practitioner ◽

Participation Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Addictive Behavior ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

World Population ◽

Addictive Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adult World ◽

Use Of Assessment

Background Recent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management. The aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 84 GPs in the city of Monastir, Tunisia. Self‐ reported questionnaire was designed to survey the prevalence of patients with detectable addictive behavior among the outpatient GP clinic visitors. Results The participation rate was 93.3% (84/90). The prevalence of addictive behaviors was variable (38-59.5%). Tobacco use was the most common addiction (91.7%). More than seventy percent of questioned GPs were regularly consulting patients with known addictive behavior. The diagnosis was incidental in 7% of cases. Sixty percent of patients had predisposing factors for addiction. Diagnostic with screening difficulties for addictive behavior were independently related to doctor's age >40 (OR = 6.51; p = 0.005), exercise in private clinic (OR= 6.46; p=0.004). Thirty-three percent of GPs were more involved in addiction monitoring. The use of assessment scales was noted in 15%. Young physician age (OR=5.20; p=0.002) and the absence postgraduate diploma in addictology (OR=9.66; p=0.01) were significantly associated addiction management avoidance. Conclusion This study aimed to assess of the attitude of GP in Monastir city regarding the addictive behaviors of their patients. The diagnosis and the management of addiction is not standardized for these health practitioners and this will not contribute to the battle against this social entity. Key words Addictive behavior; general practitioner; perception ; exploration.

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MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS IN RURAL AND URBAN SCHOOL OF JHANSI (U.P.)- A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i9.582 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Shubhanshu Gupta ◽

Sanjeev Kumar ◽

Piyush D Swami ◽

Anjana Niranjan

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Optimal Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

World Population ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban

Background: According to World Health Organization, adolescents constitute about one fifth of the world population, and in India they constitute about 21% of the total population. Most of the surveys show that health status of adolescent girls is at sub-optimal level. Objectives: To assess nutritional status and morbidity pattern among the adolescent girls and to suggest measures for improvement of health status of adolescent girls. Method: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 adolescent schoolgirls in Rural and urban field practice area of Jhansi school from January 2017 to July 2014. Results: Among the various morbidities eye problem was seen in maximum no of adolescent girls. Eye problem was present in 44.8% of adolescent girls followed by respiratory 14.7% and ear 13.06% disease. Skin disease was present in 3.2% of adolescent girls, which was more in rural girls 6.7% than in urban girls 1.7%, may be due to better hygienic practice in urban schoolgirls. Conclusions: Rural background, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth rate and order, income and number of members in a family have shown to be significant determinants of morbidity pattern in the adolescent girls. Keywords: Adolescent, anemia, morbidity, vaginal discharge.

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First Prospective Cross-Sectional Study on the Impact of Immigration Background and Education in Early Detection of Breast Cancer

Breast Care ◽

10.1159/000511654 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Elna Kuehnle ◽

Wulf Siggelkow ◽

Kristina Luebbe ◽

Iris Schrader ◽

Karl-Heinz Noeding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

First Generation ◽

Participation Rate ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Generation Immigrants ◽

Cancer Early Detection

Background: Although immigrant health is an important issue in national health policy, there is a serious shortage of data in many countries. Most studies lack information on educational status, which is a major limitation. This prospective cross-sectional study analyzed a real-world breast cancer population on the influence of immigration background and educational status on participation in breast cancer early detection programs in the federal state of Lower Saxony, Germany. Methods: Data collection was conducted from 2012 to 2016 in six certified breast cancer centers using a standardized questionnaire for patients’ interview and tumor-specific data from the patients’ medical records. Results: 2,145/3,047 primary breast cancer cases were analyzed. 17.5% of our patients had a history of immigration, including n = 202 first-generation immigrants and n = 168 second-generation immigrants. Most of them were citizens of EU27 member states. No significant difference was seen in age, tumor stage, histology, grading, Ki-67, Her2/neu-status, and hormone receptor status compared to the native cohort. 100% participation rate in the breast cancer early detection programs were seen in patients with no school graduation. With regards to the national mammography screening program, participation decreased significantly with educational status (p = 0.0003). Conclusions: No tumor biological differences were seen between immigrants and German natives. In first-generation immigrants, early detection programs were well accepted despite sociocultural and language differences. Participation rate decreased significantly with higher education levels irrespective of country of origin. Immigration background does not have a negative effect on the participation in breast cancer screening. This mainly relates to immigrants from EU27 member states.

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Fatigue among children with a chronic disease: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Paediatrics Open ◽

10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e000958

Author(s):

Merel M Nap-van der Vlist ◽

Geertje W Dalmeijer ◽

Martha A Grootenhuis ◽

Kors van der Ent ◽

Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Social Factors ◽

Participation Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Regression Model ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Multidimensional Fatigue Scale

ObjectiveTo determine: (1) which biological/lifestyle, psychological and/or social factors are associated with fatigue among children with a chronic disease and (2) how much each of these factors contributes to explaining variance in fatigue.Design and settingThis was a cross-sectional study across two children’s hospitals.PatientsWe included children aged 8–18 years who visited the outpatient clinic with cystic fibrosis, an autoimmune disease or postcancer treatment.Main outcome measuresFatigue was assessed using the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Generic biological/lifestyle, psychological and social factors were assessed using clinical assessment tools and questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the associations between these factors and fatigue. Finally, a multivariable regression model was used to determine which factor(s) have the strongest effect on fatigue.ResultsA total of 434 out of 902 children were included (48% participation rate), with a median age of 14.5 years; 42% were male. Among these 434 children, 21.8% were severely fatigued. Together, all biopsychosocial factors explained 74.6% of the variance in fatigue. More fatigue was uniquely associated with poorer physical functioning, more depressive symptoms, more pressure at school, poorer social functioning and older age.ConclusionsFatigue among children with a chronic disease is multidimensional. Multiple generic biological/lifestyle, psychological and social factors were strongly associated with fatigue, explaining 58.4%; 65.8% and 50.0% of the variance in fatigue, respectively. Altogether, almost three-quarters of the variance in fatigue was explained by this biopsychosocial model. Thus, when assessing and treating fatigue, a transdiagnostic approach is preferred, taking into account biological, psychological and social factors.

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Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5347

Author(s):

Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ◽

Clara Martinez-Perez ◽

Cesar Villa-Collar ◽

Cristina Andreu-Vázquez ◽

Alicia Ruiz-Pomeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Digital Devices ◽

Visual Screening ◽

Near Work ◽

The Impact

Background: Myopia is a public health problem, with estimations that 50% of the world population will be myopic by 2050. Some environmental factors, such as time spent outdoors, doing near work, and using digital devices, influence the development of myopia in children. Home confinement in Spain has increased these risk factors, so this study aims to investigate the impact of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak in the vision of school-aged children; Methods: A cross-sectional study in children between 5 and 7 years old that completed a visual screening and a questionnaire about their lifestyles at opticians in Spain in September and October of 2019 and 2020. Statistical analysis to compare lifestyles pre and post confinement, and vision in 2020 versus a similar cohort examined at the same opticians in 2019, was conducted; Results: Spanish children spent less time outdoors and more time doing near work in 2020 than in 2019 (p ≤ 0.001). There was a significant decrease of the spherical equivalent (mean ± standard deviation; 0.66 ± 2.03 D in 2019 vs. 0.48 ± 1.81 D in 2020; p ≤ 0.001); Conclusions: Lifestyles of Spanish children changed during the home confinement at the beginning of 2020. Together with changes in their lifestyles, spherical equivalents have decreased, which implies higher figures of myopia for children aged between 5 and 7.

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Predictive factors and psychosocial effects of Internet addictive behaviors in Cypriot adolescents

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2013-0313 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 369-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Elena Critselis ◽

Mari Janikian ◽

Noni Paleomilitou ◽

Despoina Oikonomou ◽

Marios Kassinopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peer Relations ◽

Internet Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Addictive Behaviors ◽

Social Maladjustment ◽

Emotional Symptoms ◽

Psychosocial Effects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

Strengths And Difficulties

Abstract Background: Internet addictive behaviors are associated with a plethora of psychosocial adversities. The study objectives were to assess the determinants and psychosocial correlates associated with Internet addictive behaviors among adolescents. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study design was applied among a random sample (n=805) of Cypriot adolescents (mean age: 14.7 years). Self-completed questionnaires, including Internet use characteristics, Young Internet Addiction Test, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, were utilized. Results: Among the study population, the prevalence rates of borderline addictive Internet use (BIU) and addictive Internet use (AIU) were 18.4% and 2%, respectively. Adolescents with BIU had an increased likelihood of concomitantly presenting with abnormal peer relations (AOR: 5.28; 95% confidence interval, CI: 3.37–23.38), conduct problems (AOR: 4.77; 95% CI: 2.82–8.08), hyperactivity (AOR: 5.58; 95% CI: 2.58–12.10) and emotional symptoms (AOR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.53–5.32). Adolescent AIU was significantly associated with abnormal conduct (AOR: 22.31; 95% CI: 6.90–72.19), peer problems (AOR: 7.14; 95% CI: 1.36–37.50), emotional symptoms (AOR: 19.06; 95% 6.06–60.61), and hyperactivity (AOR: 9.49, 95% CI: 1.87–48.19). The determinants of BIU and AIU included accessing the Internet for the purposes of retrieving sexual information (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.17–3.23) and participating in games with monetary awards (AOR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.15–3.14). Conclusions: Both BIU and AIU were adversely associated with notable behavioral and social maladjustment among adolescents.

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The challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera, Awi Zone, North East Amhara, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-379838/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alemayehu Amsalu

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

World Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Housing Status ◽

North East ◽

Control Virus

Abstract Background: In the globe, on April 2021, 130 million coronavirus cases, around 2.8 million were deaths, 102 million were recovered and 105.2 million were closed cases of COVID-19 reported. On April 2021, the world population were 7.9 billion of which United Nations estimates were 1.65% COVID-19 cases included the Ethiopia in report. The main objective of the study was identify the challenges of in control COVID-19.Methods: The cross-sectional study design was used November to February 2021 in Injibera from Ethiopia. The total 385 respondents using simple random sampling were interviewed. The chi-square test of association and ordinal logistic regression was applied to identify the effect of predictor variables on challenges in control COVID-19.Results: Out of 385 respondents 277(71.95%) were high challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera. There was a significant relationship with social media and challenges of in control virus (p-value = 0.047). The variables considered social media, housing status and influence were significant relationship with challenges of in control virus (p-value < 5%). Facebook users were the responsible causes of challenges in control COVID-19 (p-value = 0.023). The more social media followed, decreased the occurrence of challenges in control virus. In addition, a unit increase rented, the challenges in control virus decreased by 0.60 times (p-value = 0.009).Conclusion: Winning against the coronavirus together with world couldn’t be a marathon. COVID-19 couldn’t be won without collective global and local effort. It would also need serious thinking, discipline and war against the only virus. COVID-19 war needs in control, the globe should be faced free, coordination and discover scientific methods together.

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The Social and Psychological Impact of Superficial Dermatophytic Infection using Dlqi and Ghq-12: A Cross-Sectional Study in 174 Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern-East Rajasthan

10.47363/jdmrs/2021(2)133 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Shivani Saini ◽

◽

Agarwal Shail ◽

Jain Manish ◽

Yadav Devendra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact

Background: Dermatophytosis is a common fungal infection affecting 20-25% of the world population. Aims: Our study was aimed to assess its impact on health-related quality of life(QoL), mental health, and various variables. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from April 2019 to September 2019 on 174 patients of dermatophytosis of aged more than 16 years with their informed consent. The impact of infection on the quality of life was assessed by using the Dermatology life quality index questionnaire and General health questionnaire-12 was used to assess psychological impact. A visual analogue scale was used to assess the severity of pruritus. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: Males to females ratio was 1.4:1. The age group of 21-30 was having the highest number of patients with the mean age of 27.8±9.97. Most patients had BSA under 10%. The mean value of DLQI and GHQ-12 were found 15.989±7.407 and 2.8563±2.8964, respectively. We found that dermatophytosis had a very large effect on the quality of life as the maximum number of patients(39%) were within this category. The “work and school” part in the questionnaire gained maximum importance(52.8%). The mean VAS score was 6±2.733 with most patients(32.7%) had moderate itching. We found a positive correlation between VAS and DLQI, VAS and GHQ-12, DLQI, and GHQ-12 with the statistical significance. Conclusion: In our study dermatophytosis affected the quality of life as well as the psychological health of patients. Therefore proper treatment of superficial dermatophtytosis is essential to prevent it from further complications

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Relationship between Insufficient Sleep and Bad Breath in Korean Adolescent Population

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7230

Author(s):

Kyung-Yi Do

Keyword(s):

Participation Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insufficient Sleep ◽

Web Based ◽

Adolescent Population ◽

Oral Health Behaviors ◽

Bad Breath ◽

Korean Adolescent ◽

Sleeping Habits

This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate the association between insufficient sleep and bad breath among Korean adolescent population. It was based on the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2017). From 64,991 participants (aged 13–18 years), the final participation rate in the survey was 95.8% (62,276 participants; 31,624 boys and 30,652 girls). A complex sample logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between insufficient sleep and halitosis, after adjusting for all covariates. In Model II for estimating the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for general characteristics, students who answered “not at all sufficient”, indicating insufficient sleep, were at higher risk of bad breath than those who answered “completely sufficient” (AOR = 2.09, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.91–2.30). In Model III, for estimating the AOR adjusted for all covariates, students who answered “not at all sufficient”, indicating insufficient sleep, were at higher risk of bad breath than those who answered “completely sufficient” (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.33–1.83). It is necessary for families and schools to have health education lessons that recognize insufficient sleep among adolescents may be a cause of bad breath and therefore optimal sleeping habits and oral health behaviors should be promoted.

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PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI TEN YEARS AGO COMPARED TO THE CURRENT PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING UPPER ENDOSCOPY

ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/0102-6720201600030006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 151-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sandra FRUGIS ◽

Nicolau Gregori CZECZKO ◽

Osvaldo MALAFAIA ◽

Artur Adolfo PARADA ◽

Paula Bechara POLETTI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Population ◽

Upper Endoscopy ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Prevalence ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Two Samples ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT Background: Helicobacter pylori has been extensively studied since 1982 it is estimated that 50% of the world population is affected. The literature lacks studies that show the change of its prevalence in the same population over time. Aim: To compare the prevalence of H. pylori in 10 years interval in a population that was submitted to upper endoscopy in the same endoscopy service. Method: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study comparing the prevalence of H. pylori in two samples with 10 years apart (2004 and 2014) who underwent endoscopy with biopsy and urease. Patients were studied in three consecutive months of 2004, compared to three consecutive months of 2014. The total number of patients was 2536, and 1406 in 2004 and 1130 in 2014. Results: There were positive for H. pylori in 17 % of the sample as a whole. There was a significant decrease in the prevalence from 19.3% in 2004 to 14.1% in 2014 (p<0.005). Conclusion: There was a 5.2% reduction in the prevalence of H. pylori comparing two periods of three consecutive months with 10 years apart in two equivalent population samples.

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