scholarly journals The Effects of Lead Toxicity on the Hematological Parameters Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) at Varying Salinity Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tulaby Dezfuly ◽  
◽  
Amir Aramoon ◽  
Mojtaba Alishahi ◽  
Mostafa Halimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Almost All

Background: Lead (Pb) is an important metal used in industries, mining and agriculture. It is equally important to the aquatic ecosystems and has negative impact on the health of aquatic organisms. Methods: The LC50 of lead toxicity at varying salinities was first determined for 96 hours. Then juvenile fish were transferred to tanks individually and were exposed to 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 mg/l of Pb at varying salt concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 g/l. The blood samples were taken after the 4th day and the hematological parameters were evaluated. Results: Red Blood Cells (RBC) and White Blood Cells (WBC) were decreased in almost all lead treated groups. The Hb levels decreased consistent with increasing lead concentrations (P<0.05). The mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin and the concentration were not affected by the lead concentrations compared to those for the control group. The WBC and RBC counts showed an inverse correlation with the lead concentrations in the Pb-exposed fish. A direct correlation was also observed in the lead concentration and the heterophile rate (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that salinity did not affect the hematological parameters, but the LC50 values decreased with increasing salinity.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Chronic Supplementation of Protocatechuic Acid Alone and in Combination with Ascorbic Acid in Aniline Hydrochloride Induced Spleen Toxicity in Rats

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasana Khairnar ◽  
Aman Upaganlawar ◽  
Chandrashekhar Upasani
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Aniline Hydrochloride

Background. Present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of protocatechuic acid alone and in combination with ascorbic acid in aniline hydrochloride induced spleen toxicity in rats.Materials and Methods. Male Wistar rats of either sex (200–250 g) were used and divided into different groups. Spleen toxicity was induced by aniline hydrochloride (100 ppm) in drinking water for a period of 28 days. Treatment group received protocatechuic acid (40 mg/kg/day, p.o.), ascorbic acid (40 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and combination of protocatechuic acid (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and ascorbic acid (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.) followed by aniline hydrochloride. At the end of treatment period serum and tissue parameters were evaluated.Result. Rats supplemented with aniline hydrochloride showed a significant alteration in body weight, spleen weight, feed consumption, water intake, hematological parameters (haemoglobin content, red blood cells, white blood cells, and total iron content), tissue parameters (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide content), and membrane bound phosphatase (ATPase) compared to control group. Histopathology of aniline hydrochloride induced spleen showed significant damage compared to control rats. Treatment with protocatechuic acid along with ascorbic acid showed better protection as compared to protocatechuic acid or ascorbic acid alone in aniline hydrochloride induced spleen toxicity.Conclusion. Treatment with protocatechuic acid and ascorbic acid in combination showed significant protection in aniline hydrochloride induced splenic toxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Гематологічні і біохімічні показники крові собак за умов застосування «Неоверму» та протекторів-антитоксикантів

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
I.O. Zhukova ◽  
I.O. Kostyuk ◽  
Yu.S. Svitlychna-Kulak
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group

The article presents the data on the effect of antihelmintic and imunomodulating drug «Neoverm» on the dogs’ body when the drug was administered into the stomach of the animals within three days and the results of its application in the combination with the drugs that contain antioxidant and membrane stabilizing substances. To protect the body from toxic action of «Neoverm» the drugs were used under two schemes: «E-Selenium» and «Quercetin», phospholipid hepaprotector «Lesphal» and «green buckwheat» (a feed additive – pre-ground raw buckwheat as a natural source of quercetin). The result a were compared with the control group and the group that received only «Neoverm». It has been found out that the use of «Neoverm» for the dogs both on the 7th and 14th days had a negative impact on the hematological parameters and the activity of blood enzymes that reflects the functional state of the liver. In particular, the reduction in the number of erythrocytes and the level of hemoglobin as well as the significant increase in the activity of diagnostic enzymes: alanine (ALT), asparagine (AST), gammaglutamyl (GGT) transferases and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) have been revealed. The proposed schemes to correct the toxic effect of the drug «Neoverm» in dogs led to the restoration of endogenous antitoxic resources, that is, to a gradual normalization of hematological parameters and the activity of indicatory enzymes of blood (the decrease in the activity of AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and LDH and the normalization of the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin) and that is the basis for the use of the above drugs as protectors-antioxidants when «Neoverm» is used.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hematocrit Level, Red Blood Cells and White Blood Cells Counts in Blood from Patients with Different Severities of Periodontal Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chinar J Ali ◽  
Maha A Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Mean Values

Background: Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) occurs in the presence of chronic infection, inflammatory conditions or neoplastic conditions despite of adequate iron and vitamins storage. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gingiva, periodontitis is the inflammation in the periodontium that extend deeper with loss of connective tissue attachment and supporting bone. The main pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and ACD is immune activation. Aims of study: Determine and compare the clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)). Evaluate the hematocrit (Hct) level, red blood cells (RBCs) count and white blood cells (WBCs) count. Assess the correlations between the clinical periodontal parameters and hematological parameters at patients had gingivitis, chronic periodontitis (CP) with different severities (mild, moderate and severe) with healthy periodontium subjects. Materials and Methods: 35-50 years old, 150 male subjects were included in this study. They were divided into three study groups: group of 30 patients with gingivitis, group of 90 patients with CP which subdivided into (Mild CP=30 patients, Moderate CP =30 patients, Severe CP =30 patients) and control group 30 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium. Blood samples were collected then by automated blood analyzer the Hct, RBCs and WBCs were evaluated. Results: Comparisons among groups and subgroups revealed significant differences in Hct and WBCs, while RBCs was non-significant. Means values of RBCs count showed reduction in mild and severe CP subgroups. while, the Hct and WBCs mean values increased in patients with periodontal disease. The correlations between the clinical periodontal parameters with WBCs and RBCs were almost non-significant but, with Hct was mostly significant negative correlations. Conclusion: Inflammatory and immune responses in periodontal diseases caused change in different hematologic parameters which could contribute to the development of anemia of chronic disease.

scholarly journals Effect of ketorolac administration post bone cavitation surgery on some hematological parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Raffal A. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Post Operation

     This study was designed to determine the effect of ketorolac on some hematological parameters post cavitation surgery in domestic rabbits. Ninety-six adult domestic local breed male rabbits were used in this study, weighing (1.23 ± 0.33) kg. They were divided randomly into two groups in the first one (n= 48/group) which represented control group, while the second one (n=48/group) represented the treated group (Ketorolac group). All rabbits in both groups undergoes surgical operation (bone cavitation in femur bone) under general anesthesia. In the Ketorolac group, animals were treated by using 30 mg/kg of Ketorolac directly post-operation and continued daily for 5 days, while in Control group no treatment was given postoperatively. The hematological parameters were recorded which include white blood cells count; red blood cells count; hemoglobin; packed cell volume; mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; mean corpuscular volume and platelets at the period of (3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42) days post operation were estimated. Results concerning hematological values showed no significant differences in packed cell volume values between control and treated group and within each group, while haemoglobin values showed a significant decrease at period 7 and 14 days between control and treated group. Within control group the significant decrease were noticed clearly at period of 7 days. Data concerning mean corpuscular hemoglobin values within control group showed significant decrease were noticed at 5 day, but within treated group, there were no significant differences. mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration values showed significant decrease ate period 3; 5 and 21 days between control group and treated group respectively. Within control group the significant decrease were noticed obviously at 5 days while within treated group the significant decrease were noticed at 35 days. mean corpuscular volume values showed significant increase at 3 and 5 days period between control and treated groups. Platelets counts within control group showed significant increase at period of 14 days, within treated group the significant increase were recorded at 42 days. Red blood cells showed significant decrease between control and treated groups, while within control group, the significant decrease were at 7 days. White blood cells count within treated group showed significant increase recorded at 21 days. Differential White blood cells count concerning Lymphocytes cells within control group the significant increase were recorded at 42 days  while the significant decrease were noticed at 21 days, but within treated group the significant increase were recorded at 35 days  and significant decrease were noticed at 14 days. Neutrophils counts showed significant decrease at periods 3, 14, 28 and 42 days between control and treated groups respectively; while within control group there were significant decrease at 3 days, but within treated group the significant decrease were noticed at 42 days. Monocytes cells showed significant increase at 35 days between control and treated groups, within control group there were significant increase at 35 days, while within treated group the significant increase recorded at 7 days.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DEUTERIUM WATER ON BLOOD VALUES AND DIGESTIBILITY OF NUTRIENTS OF RHESUS MACAQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Gaponov ◽  
S. V. Svistunov ◽  
N. N. Bondarenko ◽  
I. A. Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deuterium Content ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Effect Of Water

The use of water with a modified isotopic composition in the diet of humans and animals, for example, with a reduced deuterium content, affects the rate of biological processes. In this regard, the targeted formation of the isotopic D / H gradient in the body can be used to increase its adaptive properties to external influences. Primates have a high anatomical and physiological similarity with humans, therefore, are an indispensable model for reproducing various pathological and toxic conditions in humans. The aim of the study was to study the effect of water with a low deuterium content on the hematological and biochemical blood parameters of rhesus monkeys and on the digestibility of nutrients of the diet. In the control group, primates consumed water with a natural regional content of deuterium equal to 150 mg / l, and in the experimental group - with reduced to 50 mg/l. The duration of the experiment was 35 days. The material for the study was venous blood, serum and feces of primates. Blood was drawn from monkeys before the use of deuterium depleted water and after the completion of the experiment. All blood samples (2.5-3.0 ml) were taken from the cubital or femoral veins of animals on an empty stomach and stabilized with a heparin solution. Laboratory studies of animal blood were performed on an automatic hematological analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA) of the CoulterAcT 5diffCP brand. In order to study the effect of water with a reduced deuterium content on hematological parameters, we determined the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, the average volume of red blood cells, red blood cell anisocytosis, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The metabolism trial was divided into two periods. Preliminary - to exclude the influence of previous feeding and accustoming primates to cage conditions of keeping. Experimental - conducting a thorough accounting of consumed feed, excreted excrement. Feces were collected daily at the same time (morning and evening), weighed and ground in a mortar. At each collection, 50% of the homogenized mass was taken for analysis. The collected portions were stored in the refrigerator. After the end of the experimental (accounting) period in the collected feces, the initial moisture was determined by drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight. The resulting air-dry mass was thoroughly ground and analyzed. It has been found that the introduction of water with a reduced deuterium content into the diet of primates has a positive effect on feed conversion rate and blood biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals The effects of Nigella sativa oil administration on some physiological and histological values of reproductive aspects of rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Farooq T. Juma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Accessory Glands

The goal of this study to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa (Ns) oil on reproductive values, some hematological parameters serum biochemical characteristics, some sexual hormones concentration and histological changes of treated and normal male reproductive organs. The experiment (1) dealt with 20 males and 20 female rats at 21 days of age, 10 rats of each sex were giving orally Ns oil at the rate of 1ml/kg/day for 30 days and the others left as a control group. Insignificant changes were occurred in hematological parameters except the white blood cells (WBCs), were significantly increased in treated groups (P<0.05). The treated groups showed significant increases in total protein and significant decreases in total cholesterol liver enzymes markedly increased in treated rats Significant increases in the levels of LH, FSH and testosterone for males and LH, FSH, estrogen and progesterone for females were recorded. The experiment (2) dealt with effects of Ns oil on 20 adult males and 20 adult female rats that were given same dose of Ns oil for 30 days. There were significant increase in litter size and weight of rats born in treated groups. The experiment (3) dealt with the effects of Ns oil on castrated males fifteen adult rats were divided equally into 3 groups, two groups were castrated while, the third group was left as a control group; one castrated group was treated with same dose of Ns oil for 30 days, there were significant increases in serum testosterone concentration and weight of accessory glands in treated group. Histological changes in the accessory glands of treated groups were evident.In conclusion, the administration of 1ml/kg/day of Ns oil stimulated the secretion of sexual hormones that led to improve protein synthesis of hepatic enzymes, white blood cells count and decrease the serum cholesterol concentration in blood

scholarly journals Sex-Related Differences in Hematological Parameters and Organosomatic Indices of Oreochromis niloticus Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 Diet

Scientifica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Marijani ◽  
Johnson Nasimolo ◽  
Emmanuel Kigadye ◽  
Gbemenou Joselin Benoit Gnonlonfin ◽  
Sheila Okoth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Experiment ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

A 24-week feeding experiment was conducted to assess whether males and females of Oreochromis niloticus exhibit differences in their hematological responses and organosomatic indices to dietary AFB1 contamination. Triplicate groups of O. niloticus (initial body weight: 24.1 ± 0.6 g) were fed with four diets (Diets 1 to 4) containing 0, 20, 200, and 2,000 μg AFB1 kg−1. A significant decrease (P<0.05) in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), and hematocrit (Hct) was observed in AFB1 exposure groups, with the lowest levels recorded in the 2000 μg AFB1 kg−1 treatment. A significant increase in mean white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, and lymphocytes was observed in AFB1 exposure groups. No sex-related differences in RBC, WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils levels were observed. However, hemoglobin and hematocrit values for female O. niloticus were significantly lower than those for male O. niloticus. Organosomatic indices showed that the relative liver, kidney, and spleen weights were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the AFB1 supplemented group than in the control group. However, the effect of aflatoxin on organosomatic indices does not depend on sex but rather depends on the dose of aflatoxin in the diet. These results provide useful information for monitoring changes in the health status of male and female O. niloticus.

scholarly journals The toxic effects of ammonia on growth rate and some blood parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Q Jumaa ◽  
K Al-Saeedy ◽  
W Obid
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Fish Breeding

This study was performed to know the effect of ammonia on the blood picture and the weight of common carp fish. 50 fish were used at the age of 6 months and were divided into two groups. Each group included 25 fish. The first group represented the treatment group with ammonia at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ L. and the second group represented control group. It is grown in plastic basins with dimensions of 1.5 × 2 meters and continued treatment for four weeks. It was observed that the weight in the ammonium treatment group had the lowest significant value (p≤0.05) compared to the control group. It was also observed in this study that the ammonia group had the lowest significant values in (white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration and Packed cell volume) compared with control group. As for the biochemical parameters, it was observed that the Glucose concentration and each of the enzymes Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) had a record the highest value in the group treated with ammonia compared with the control group while the total protein recorded the lowest significant value in the group treated with ammonia Compared to control group. We conclude from this study that increasing the concentration of ammonia in the aquatic environment has a negative impact on fish breeding and health.

scholarly journals Evaluation de la toxicité d’un aphrodisiaque ivoirien d’origine naturelle (aphro) chez le rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595-1604
Author(s):  
Moussa Gbogbo ◽  
Rufin Yao Kouadio ◽  
Félicité Tano-bla Aboli ◽  
Mama Kone ◽  
Elisée Kouassi Kporou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
World Population ◽  
Poids Corporel ◽  
Rate Of Increase

L’usage des plantes à des fins thérapeutiques est très ancien. De nos jours encore, elles sont utilisées par une frange partie de la population mondiale. La présente étude avait pour objectif d’étudier les effets toxiques de l'administration subaiguë d'un phytomédicament ivoirien Aphro vendu sur les marchés chez le rat Wistar albinos. Pour ce faire, le phytomédicament Aphro a été administré quotidiennement par voie orale à trois lots de rats, aux doses de 5,75 ; 11,5 et 23 mg/kg de poids corporel et cela pendant 28 jours. Le taux de croissance des rats, les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques sanguins ont été étudiés. Les résultats de cette étude ont révélé qu’aux doses de 5,75 ; 11,5 et 23 mg/kg de poids corporel, le phytomédicament ne modifie pas de façon significative le taux d’accroissement de la masse corporelle et les paramètres hématologiques constitués du taux de globules rouges, de globules blancs, de plaquettes sanguines et le taux d’hémoglobine. Par ailleurs, des marqueurs hépatiques et lipidiques sériques des rats traités n'ont pas été perturbés par l’administration du phytomédicament comparativement au lot témoin. En revanche, la créatinine, l’un des marqueurs rénaux étudiés a connu une augmentation significative (p < 0,05) chez les rats traités avec le phytomédicament aux doses de 11,5 et 23 mg/kg de poids corporel par rapport au lot témoin. Cette étude a permis de montrer que l’usage prolongé et à doses élevées de Aphro pourrait entraîner des effets nocifs sur les reins.   English title: Assessment of the toxicity of an ivoirian natural aphrodisiac (aphro) on rat The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is very old. Even today, they are used by a part of the world population. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the toxic effects of the subacute administration of an ivorian phytomedicine Aphro sold in the markets in the albino Wistar rat. To do this, the phytomedicine Aphro was administered orally daily to three batches of rats, at doses of 5.75; 11.5 and 23 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days. Rats' growth rate, blood haematological and biochemical parameters were studied. The results of this study showed that at doses of 5.75; 11.5 and 23 mg/kg of body weight, the phytomedicine does not significantly modify the rate of increase in body mass and the hematological parameters consisting of the level of red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelets and the level hemoglobin. Furthermore, hepatic and serum lipid markers of the treated rats were not disturbed by the administration of the phytomedicine compared to the control group. In contrast, creatinine, one of the renal markers studied, experienced a significant increase (p <0.05) in rats treated with the phytomedicine at doses of 11.5 and 23 mg / kg of body weight compared to the batch witness. This study showed that prolonged use and in high doses of Aphro could cause harmful effects on the kidneys.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Pirdot Leaf (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Nerly Juli Pranita Simanjuntak ◽  
Rosidah ◽  
Yuandani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin

Traditionally pirdot leaves are used to treat various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine determine the potential for acute toxicity of ethanolic extract of pirdot leaf (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) with value LD50 and hematological Parameters in rats. The acute toxicity of ethanolic extract of pirdot leaf was evaluated by OECD guidelines. The number of animals used in this research were 15 female rats. The control group was given Na CMC 0.5%, the treatment groups were given ethanolic extract of pirdot leaves with doses 2000 and 5000 mg/kg bw. The results showed that ethanolic extract of pirdot leaves with doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg bw did not show any toxicity signs. There was no mortality was observe. The ethanolic extract of pirdot leaves did not cause any changes in hematological parameters, these include red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet, white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils levels as compared to normal control (P>0.05). It was estimated that LD50 of ethanolic extract of pirdot leaves was higher than 5000 mg/kg bw and the extract were practically non-toxic. The ethanolic extract of pirdot leaves did not cause any toxic effect on hematological parameters.

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