scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability Exercises on Balance and Walking Function in the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hani Mansori ◽  
◽  
Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi ◽  
Kamal Mohammadkhani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Gait Function

Objectives: Walking and balance control are determining factors in the independence of the elderly because they are the main components of daily physical activity. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability (DNS) training on balance and gait function in the elderly. Methods: This study had a pre-test/post-test design. It was a quasi-experimental study performed on 30 older men aged 60-70 years in Qom Province, Iran, in 2021. The elderly was randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The Experimental Group (EG) participated in three 45-min sessions of dynamic neuromuscular stability training every week for 6 weeks, and the Control Group (CG) continued their normal daily routine. Berg balance scale (dynamic balance), modified stork stand (static balance), and temporal and spatial gait parameters were used to collect information before and after applying the training protocol. The obtained data were analyzed using ANCOVA statistical method and the paired t test. Results: There were significant differences between pre-test and post-test in EG regarding the variables of dynamic balance, static balance (P=0.001), and gait function, but in the CG, no significant difference was observed for these variables (P>0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the mean scores obtained in the balance and gait tests between the two groups (P<0.05), and EG performed better in the post-test. Discussion: DNS training due to the great variety of movement in different parts of the body and the effect on improving strength, flexibility, range of motion, and physical fitness can also improve balance and gait function in the elderly. According to the present study results, one of the best ways to reduce the costs and physical, psychological, and social problems caused by aging is to use DNS training for the elderly.

scholarly journals Effects of Affected Side One Leg Standing Training with PNF Sprinter and Skater Patterns on the Balance and Gait Function in Hemiplegic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 534-540
Author(s):  
Ikhwan Eun ◽  
Seungmin Nam
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gait Function ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of affected side one leg standing training with PNF sprinter and skater patterns, which have a pattern like that of actual gait, on the balance function and gait function of chronic hemiplegic patients due to stroke. 23 inpatients diagnosed with stroke due to hemiplegia at a rehabilitation hospital located in South Korea. The patients were randomly divided into a experimental group and a control group. The experimental group performed PNF Sprinter and Skater Pattern training, and the control group performed balance pad training. Each group was trained for 30 minutes three times a week for six weeks. Static balance was measured using Biorescue, while dynamic balance was measured using the TUG. Gait function was measured using 10MWT, 6MWT. Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvements in static and dynamic balance function after the training (p<.05). The experimental group exhibited statistically significant increases in gait function after training (p<.05). A significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<.05). One leg standing training on the affected side using the PNF sprinter and skater patterns resulted in significant improvement in both balance and functional performance of gait in hemiplegic patients due to chronic stroke.

scholarly journals The Combined Effects of Sports Smart Bracelet and Multi-Component Exercise Program on Exercise Motivation among the Elderly in Macau

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Cheuk Kei Lao ◽  
Bing Long Wang ◽  
Richard S. Wang ◽  
Hsiao Yun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Motivation ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and objectives: Faced with the serious problem of an aging population, exercise is one of the most effective ways to maintain the health of the elderly. In recent years, with the popularization of smartphones, the elderly have increasingly accepted technological products that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI). However, there is not much research on using artificial intelligence bracelets to enhance elders’ motivation and participation in exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of sports smart bracelets and multi-sport training programs on the motivation of the elderly in Macau. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with a randomized trial design in a 12 week multi-sport exercise training intervention. According to the evaluation, a total of sixty elders’ pre- and post-test data were included in this study. Results: After 12 weeks of multi-sport exercise training, the evaluation scores on the exercise motivation scale (EMS) increased significantly in the group wearing exercise bracelets and those taking part in the multi-component exercise program, and the degree of progress reached a statistically significant level, but the control group did not show any statistically significant difference. The influence of the combination of sports smart bracelets and multi-sport training programs on elders’ motivation is clearer. Conclusions: The use of sports smart bracelets by elderly people in conjunction with diverse exercise training can effectively enhance elders’ motivation and increase their participation in regular exercise. The combination of sports smart bracelets and multi-sport training programs is worth promoting in the elderly population.

scholarly journals The effect of 10-week swimming and bosu exercises on dynamic balance parameter in 8-10 years old boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-814
Author(s):  
Hilal Kılınç ◽  
Hacı Bayram Temur ◽  
Hacalet Mollaoğulları
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Post Test

Bu çalışma 8-10 yaş arası erkek çocuklarda yüzme egzersiz ve bosu çalışmalarının dinamik dengeye etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yaşları ortalaması 8,9333±,78492 yıl olan 30 katılımcı veli ve antrenörlerinden gönüllü katılımları ile ilgili aydınlanmış̧ onamları alınarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bunların 20' si egzersiz grubu diğer 10'u da kontrol grubudur. Egzersiz grubunun en az 1 yıl yüzme eğitimi almış olmalarına ve haftada 3 gün düzenli olarak yüzme antrenmanı yapıyor olmalarına dikkat edildi. Egzersiz grubu rastgele yöntemle 2 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba yüzme ve bosu çalışmaları, ikinci gruba ise sadece yüzme egzersizleri yaptırıldı. Bu çalışma 10 hafta süreyle uygulandı. Katılımcıların antropometrik ölçümler ile dinamik denge ölçümleri planlanan antrenman programı öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere iki defa alındı. Çalışma Van Olimpik yüzme havuzunda uygulandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 21 paket programı kullanıldı.  Analizler sonucunda yüzme eğitimi alan grubun A (Anterior), PM (Posteromedial) ve PL (Posterolateral) ön test - son test ölçüm  değerleri arasında anlamlı (p<0,01) fark olduğu saptandı. Yine yüzme ve bosu eğitimi alan grubun PM ve PL ön test - son test ölçüm  değerleri arasında anlamlı (p<0,01) fark olduğu belirlendi. Seçilmiş değişkenlerin ön test- son test ölçüm değerleri arasındaki farkların gruplar arasında anlamlı (p<0,05)  bir farklılığın olmadığı görüldü.   ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet This study was carried out to investigate the effect of swimming exercise and bosu studies on dynamic equilibrium in 8-10 years old boys. They were included in the study by taking their enlightened consent about their voluntary participation from 30 participants parents and coaches with an average age of 8,9333 ±, 78492 years. 20 of them were exercise group and 10 of them were control group. The exercise group had at least 1 year of swimming training and swimming training 3 days a week was paid attention to be doing regularly. The exercise group was randomly divided into two groups. The first group had swimming and bosu exercises and the second group had only swimming exercises. This study was performed for 10 weeks. The participants' anthropometric measurements and dynamic balance measurements were taken twice before and after the planned training program. The work was carried out at the Olympic swimming pool in Van. SPSS 21 package program was used to analyze the data. As a result of the analyzes, it was found that there was a significant difference (p<0.01) between the A (Anterior), PM (Poateromedial) and PL (Poaterolateral) pre-test and post-test measurements of the swimming group. It was determined that there was a significant difference (p <0.01) between the PM and PL pretest - posttest measurements of the group receiving swimming and bosu training. There was no significant difference (p <0.05) between the pre-test and post-test values ​​of the selected variables.

scholarly journals Effect of Leaf Syzygium aromaticum on Lymphocytes and Macrophages Mice Balb/c

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Syahran Wael ◽  
Theopilus Wilhelmus Watuguly ◽  
Didik Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Proliferation Of Lymphocytes

Syzygium aromaticum as an immunomodulator contains main active compound eugenol which is able to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and the production of macrophages. Lymphocytes have a very important role to provide protection in the body against infection. This study aims to prove the effects of extract Syzygium aromaticum leaf against increased proliferation of lymphocytes, lymphoblast and macrophages of mice Balb/c of induced Salmonella typhimurium. The method used in this study was experimental with post test only control group. Mice Balb/c were divided into 4 groups as a control group and treatment induced of Salmonella typhimurium. The first treatment group were administrated extracts of 15mg /kgbw, the second treatment 75mg/kgbw, the third treatment of 150mg/kgbw for 12days. ANOVA test showed a significant difference in lymphocyte proliferation but not lymphoblast and macrophages.

scholarly journals Development of snakes and ladders game (disaster response) as earthquake mitigation for children

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Besse Nirmala ◽  
Andi Agusniatih ◽  
Haerul Annuar
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

This study aims to produce of snakes and ladders game with feasible to increase understanding of children related to earthquake disaster mitigation. Snakes and ladders game will be applied to children aged 5-6 years in Palu city. This research is a research and development according to Borg and Gall. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and questionnaries. Data analysis in the form of quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the assessment of the material validators get an average of 3.63, media validators get an average of 3.8, and disaster validators get an average of 3.75 (feasible category). In the initial field trials, it averaged persentage 78% and was included in the feasible category. Operational field trials get an average persentage of 87% included in the feasible category. Comparative study results obtained sig. (2-tailed) of 0,000 <0.05, it can be concluded that Ha is accepted, which means that "there is a significant difference" between the average post-test results of the control group and the experimental group. The results obtained after applying the snake and ladder game, children can understand and carry out self-rescue activities when simulating an earthquake disaster.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ANALOGY INSTRUCTIONS ON SPRINT PERFORMANCE AND KINEMATICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Hanisah Abdullah ◽  
Jeffrey Low Fook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Timing Gate ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control ◽  
Running Mechanics

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of analogy and explicit instructions on 50-m sprint performance and their running kinematics. Forty-five male Physical Education undergraduates participated in this study and were randomly divided into three groups, (i.e. analogy, explicit and control). Their sprint performances were assessed using wireless timing gate while the kinematic data was assessed by Kinovea software. The analogy group received three analogies which were “run tall”, “chin to pocket” and “claw the track” throughout the intervention sessions whereas the explicit group received “keep the body posture in an upright position and aligned, head and butt not tilting outward”, “arms should maintain a 90-degree angle at the elbow throughout the upswing as well as backswing” and “the foot landing should always be on the balls of the feet”. The control group did not receive any instruction throughout the intervention period. All participants were tested again after three weeks for the post test and retention test a week after. A 3 group x 3 tests mixed design ANOVA was used to analyze the sprinting performance whereas the kinematic data was analyzed by using one way MANOVA test. Results displayed that there was no significant difference in sprint performance among the groups. However, the post hoc test showed that the analogy group improved significantly in the post test. The kinematic data showed that both intervention groups were significantly better than the control group. This study concluded that both analogy and explicit instructions resulted in better running mechanics but only the analogy group elicited better in performance. Thus, analogy instructions are suggested to be an effective method to coach sprinters.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Latihan Renang Teratur dan Latihan Renang Tidak Teratur Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Plasma pada Rattus norvegicus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Adi Wijayanto
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Triglycerides are source of energy in the body, but triglyceride deposits that exceed the threshold will cause health problems, so triglycerides should be lowered to normal. The reduction of triglycerides can be done through physical activity, therefore this study aims to reveal the effect of regular swimming exercises and irregular exercises against triglyceride levels. This research is an experimental research using The Post Test Only Control Group Design design. Subjects of the study were male of Rattus Norvegicus Wistar, 39 subjects was divided into 3 groups with Matched Subject Design technique, which consisted of 2 groups of treatment that is regular and irregular group, and control group. The exercise program was given a swimming with a 3% weight of body weight and was tied 5 cm from the tip of the tail which was performed 3 times per week consistently for regular exercise and 0 to 5 times per week inconsistently for irregular exercise for 12 weeks, While the control group was not given training. In the last week before the blood was taken, the first three groups were given swimming treatment exercises. Based on the results of the anava test, there was a significant difference in the reduction of triglyceride levels among white mice who were given regular exercise with irregular exercise. These results suggest that regular exercise has a better impact on triglyceride reduction than irregular exercise, due to the higher adaptation process of regular exercise.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Six-week Core Stability Exercises on Balance, Strength, and Endurance in Female Students With Trunk Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Zahra Mohebi Rad ◽  
◽  
Ali Asghar Norasteh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Return To Equilibrium ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Samples

Purpose: Core stability is the ability of the lumbopelvic-hip complex to prevent spinal instability and return to equilibrium after a perturbation. The special physical condition in students and especially the female ones-makes them prone to Trunk Defects (TDs); thus, it makes them prone to numerous injuries, like problems in balance. The present study aimed to examine the effect of Core Stability Exercises (CSEs) on static and dynamic balance, strength, and endurance among female students with TDs. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. The study samples were 30 female high-school students with TDs (Mean±SD age: 15.63±0.49 y, height: 1.60±0.04 m, & weight: 55.96±6.08 kg). All the subjects were placed in the same group. The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) was used to evaluate the dynamic balance; One-Legged Stance Test (OLST) was employed to evaluate the static balance; the McGill test was applied to evaluate trunk endurance; a dynamometer was used to assess the trunk muscle strength, and tuck-jump screening test was implemented to determine students with TDs. These tests were employed at pretest and posttest phases. The research subjects followed CSEs for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and approximately 45 minutes per session, supervised by the researcher. The Dependent Samples t-test at the significance level of P=0.05 was used for data analysis. Results: The present study results indicated a significant difference in strength, muscular endurance, as well as static and dynamic balance in the study subjects after the exercise program (P=0.001). Conclusion: According to the data, 6 weeks of CSEs could provide a solid foundation for the transfer of forces between the limbs. This is achieved by enhancing the strength and endurance of the core muscles of the body; accordingly, it leads to improved static and dynamic balance in female students with trunk control defect by reducing postural fluctuations. However, further extensive studies with larger sample sizes are required for providing more accurate conclusions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian jus jeruk manis (citrus sinensis.) terhadap nilai VO2 max atlet sepak bola di Gendut Dony Training Camp (GDTC) Salatiga

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Sofia Arum Andani ◽  
Nurmasari Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Camp ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Subject Characteristic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Time

Background : Endurance is the ability of  the body to perform activities or work for a long time without experiencing fatigue. Based on using of energy systems, endurance is divided into aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic endurance is measured using VO2max value. Aerobic endurance is supported by the availability of carbohydrates and fats. Intake of carbohydrates as much as 30-60 grams/hour can maintain glucose levels and maintain the level of burning carbohydrates in the body, so it can improve the endurance about 30-60 minutes. Carbohydrate content in 300 ml of sweet orange juice is 54,9 grams that can be used to increase endurance atheletes. Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of orange juice on VO2max value  in football athletes. Method : This study was in the field of  experimental design with post test only with controlled group design.  Subject for these study were tweenty-one football athletes which are match with inclusion criteria in Gendut Dony Training Camp (GDTC) Salatiga. The Subject has given 300 ml orange juice and 300 ml placebo 30 minutes before test. VO2max value was measured by using Balke running test. All datas were analyzed by Independent Sample T-tes. Result : Subject characteristic includes age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and total food intake were not showing significant difference (p<0,05), therefore subject were categorized as homogen. Significant difference was showed in average of  VO2max value between the treatment group (43,67±2,26) and control group (39,33±4,39). Conclusion : Consumption of orange juice 30 minutes before exercising shows a significant impact to increase the VO2max value.

scholarly journals Effect of Self-Regulated Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement in the Subject of English at Secondary Level

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Sadia Rasheed ◽  
Dr. Mumtaz Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject

The study aimed at finding out the effect of students' self-regulated learning on their academic achievement in the subject of English. The study was conducted at the secondary level in the province of Punjab. It was quantitative in nature and employed a true experimental design (pre-test post-test control group). It was significant for teachers, curriculum stakeholders, training bodies, and policymakers. For the study sampling, a simple random sampling technique was used. Students' achievement test was developed for pre-test and post-test. The study sample consisted of sixty students of grade IX and they were divided into two groups; experimental and control. A pre-test was conducted on both groups to measure their current status of academic achievement. After the pre-test, the subject of English was taught to the experimental group by using self-regulated learning strategies while the traditional method (dominantly lecture method) was adopted to teach the control group. A post-test was conducted after an intervention of 16 weeks. The results of the test were compared by using a t-test. For data analysis, SPSS was used and results were interpreted accordingly. The study results revealed a significant difference between the test score results of the students. The study recommended appropriate teachers' training to use self-regulated learning strategies effectively at the secondary level. Textbook contents were also recommended to be devised supportive to gauge self-regulated learning.

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