scholarly journals Stanislav Voronin’s Universal Classification of Onomatopoeic Words: a Critical Approach (Part 1)

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-149
Author(s):  
M. A. Flaksman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Logical Contradiction ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Overlapping Classes

Introduction. The universal classification of onomatopoeic words was first introduced in 1969 by Stanislav V. Voronin. In the course of the following fifty years it has been tested on the material of typologically different languages both by the author himself and by other researchers. The aim of this article is to provide a full description of the classification (which has never been published in English before) and to examine its key points critically. The bulk of empirical data collected in the recent years calls for yet another update on the classification. There is a logical contradiction between such classes of onomatopoeic words as frequentatives and frequentatives-(quasi)-instants-continuants. They overlap typologically. This and other minor issues are solved in the present paper.Methodology and sources. The method discussed and applied in the classification is the method of phonosemantic analysis introduced by S. V. Voronin. Empirical data from English and other relevant languages are used for supporting the proposed changes into the classification.Results and discussion. The critical analysis of the Voronin’s universal classification of the onomatopoeic words revealed the presence of overlapping classes and hyperclasses within it, as well as other minor inconsistencies. The empirical typological data allowed to introduce some minor corrections while retaining the main principles of the classification.Conclusion. Introduced half a century ago, Stanislav Voronin’s classification of onomatopoeic words still remains a useful tool of typological research. Critical additions and proposed changes do not lessen its impact on studies in linguistic iconicity. The first part of this paper is devoted to the description of the classification and to the discussion of its advantages and limitations. In the second part of the article some possible solutions to the detected problems are suggested.

scholarly journals On Classification of All-rounders of the Indian Premier League (IPL): A Bayesian Approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanta Saikia ◽  
Dibyojyoti Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Bayesian Classification ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Naive Bayesian ◽  
Naïve Bayesian ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Overlapping Classes

An all-rounder can take an imperative role in any version of the game of cricket, whether it is a test match or any other limited-over format of the game. The study classifies the performance of all-rounders who participated in IPL based on their strike rate and economy rate. Based on the factors mentioned, the all-rounders can be divided into four non-overlapping classes, viz., Performer, Batting All-rounder, Bowling All-rounder, and Under-performer. Several predictor variables that are supposed to influence the performance of all-rounders are considered. Step-wise multinomial logistic regression (SMLR) is used to identify the significant predictors. Samples of six incumbent all-rounders who had not participated in the first three seasons of IPL are considered. The significant predictors were then used to predict the expected class of an incumbent all-rounder using naive Bayesian classification model. The relevant data were collected from the websites, www.cricinfo.org and www.cricketnirvana.com. The key points of this study are as follows: The training sample is populated with 35 all-rounders who had performed in the first three seasons of IPL. Two variables, viz., strike rate (number of runs scored per 100 balls faced) and economy rate (average number of runs scored per over against the bowler) are used to classify the all-rounders as follows: Performer: An all-rounder with strike rate above median and economy rate below median. Batting All-rounder: An all-rounder with strike rate above median and economy rate above median. Bowling All-rounder: An all-rounder with strike rate below median and economy rate below median. Under-performer: An all-rounder with strike rate below median and economy rate above median. The step-wise multinomial logistic regression (SMLR) was used to identify the significant variables that are actually responsible for classification of the all-rounders. The strike rate in ODI, strike rate in Twenty-20, economy rate in ODI, economy rate in Twenty-20 and bowling type (Spin or Fast) of the all-rounders are found to be significant in determining the class of an all-rounder. The naive Bayesian classification model is used for forecasting the expected class of allrounders based on the significant predictors for six incumbent all-rounders who had played only in fourth season of IPL. The prediction done before IPL IV was then compared with the actual situation at the end of the tournament. It is found that four predictions were performed correctly out of the six. This model would be useful for the participating teams' management while deciding the bid of an all-rounder in the upcoming season of IPL as per their requirement.

The Concept and Characteristics of a Legal Action in Civil Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Titov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Relevant Field ◽  
Legal Fact

The purpose of the article is a critical assessment of the established in the legal literature and practice the concept and characteristics of a legal action and criteria for distinguishing legal actions and events. The main problem identified by the author is that, despite the huge number of sources on this subject, jurisprudence has not progressed in the study of this phenomenon since the early 19th century. The definition and characteristics of a legal action «migrate» from one work to another, as a rule, without any critical analysis at all and are taken by lawyers as a given, which leads to stagnation in the development of the relevant field. At the same time, studies of specific varieties of legal actions often reach a deadlock precisely because of the incorrectly defined general characteristics of a legal action. The author defines the classification criterion of differentiation of legal facts, and argues the necessity of two-member division of legal facts into events and actions. It is proved that facts-states cannot be distinguished within the classification of legal facts on the volitional ground and they are not legal facts at all. The concept of legal action and its characteristics are given. The concept of will as a key element of legal action is discussed in the article and it is substantiated that «involuntary» actions are not legal facts. The author analyzes the classification of events into absolute and relative, and offers an algorithm for determining whether a certain legal fact refers to events or actions.

scholarly journals A STATE OF ART AND PROSPECTS OF USED PNEUMATIC TIRES MANAGEMENT (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-83
Author(s):  
I.O. Mikulionok
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Detailed Classification ◽  
The World ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Frag Ments ◽  
Pneumatic Tires

The basic data on the volume of production of pneumatic tires in the world and in Ukraine are presented. The need to improve the ways of handling pneumatic tires that have lost their con-sumer properties (worn out tires as a result of their intended use and tires rejected as a result of passing quality control during their manufacture) is shown as one of the most dangerous for the environment and promising in terms of using their properties. A detailed classification of methods for handling worn out and defective tires is proposed and a critical analysis of each of them is given. Particular attention is paid to the methods of utilization of tires, in particular, recycling, which makes it possible to efficiently use the secondary raw materials obtained from tires directly for their intended purpose. The features of physical, physicochemical and chemical processing methods, in particular combustion, gasification, pyrolysis of tires and their frag-ments, as well as the prospects for their decomposition under the influence of environmental factors, in particular microorganisms, are also considered. The main ways of solving the prob-lem of tires that have lost their consumer properties in Ukraine are proposed. Bibl. 88, Fig. 2.

scholarly journals Classification of objects of tourism infrastructure in rural areas based on the use of historical, architectural and natural landscape potential on the example of Novosheshminsky region of the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Stepan Novikov ◽  
Valeria Osina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure ◽  
The Republic

Modern tourist trends are directed towards the undeveloped lands of the suburbs and rural areas, where, along with the agricultural and industrial orientation, the historical, architectural and natural landscape potential is preserved. To attract the tourist flow to the territory, routes are formed that allow identifying the historical significance and presenting this place taking into account ethnic, architectural, artistic and landscape features. Novosheshminsky region of the Republic of Tatarstan has a significant historical and cultural potential, is rich in natural resources, and flourishes in agriculture and horse breeding. For the sustainable development of the territory, it is proposed to form a tourist route that combines the key points of attracting tourists using the features of the tourist infrastructure. General logical methods-the analogy of domestic and foreign experience in organizing routes in rural areas, induction and observation, the theoretical method-historical and socio-cultural analysis of the Novosheshma region-revealed significant aspects in the organization of tourist infrastructure and methods of their correct use in these conditions. The result of the study was the creation of a tourist route on the territory of the Novosheshminsky region, followed by a proposal for the classification of tourist infrastructure objects necessary for its full functioning.

Classification of Occupational Safety Costs in terms of Medical Examinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
G.T. Aitkenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Result ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of the study of the classification of occupational safety costs, in particular the classification of costs for medical examinations, according to the current requirements of the regulatory legal acts and documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented. The Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not regulate the cost of financing occupational safety costs in the organizations. In addition, there are no state-approved methodology for planning and occupational safety budgeting costs. International research in the field of occupational safety confirms the positive effect of the investments in occupational safety on the competitiveness, productivity, and sustainability of the enterprise at the market. At the same time, the methodologically sound organization of planning and financing of occupational safety costs depends on their correct classification, which further contributes to the construction of a rational budgetary system of the enterprise in the field of occupational safety. The need for cost classification is due to the fact, that the existing occupational safety activities have different signs and types of costs. In the process of the study the empirical data is used, for example, codes, laws, and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the scientific research from near and far abroad. The paper offers three signs of the classification of occupational safety costs. In accordance with the proposed signs of cost classification, the types of medical examinations that employers are legally required to conduct for their employees are distributed. Thus, the classification of occupational safety costs, which is aimed at the cost management, should consider all the main options for solving managerial tasks of the enterprise in the field of occupational safety, and should be applicable in practice. At the same time, the classification of costs with varying degrees of detail contributes to the sound planning and financing of the costs for employee occupational safety, which will lead to a positive result from the investment.

Intersubjectivity and Intersubject

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanas Totlyakov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Oriented Approach

This text discusses some key points of contemporary theoretical concepts of intersubjectivity in the context of a specific group of creative practice. Emphasis is placed on the role and specificity of an area of joint attention shared between individuals, and interpersonal inclusions, which are essential for the creation and presentation to the public of objects and images. The problems of the temporary and non-permanent connection between the intentional subjects and the role of other acting forces, both quasisubjects and quasi-objects, within the framework of an art project developing in time are touched upon. The conventional contemporary critical analysis of a work of art has been replaced by ideas of visual culture and a body-oriented approach to tracing processes that are complemented from a sociological point of view.

A Critical Inquiry into Web-Mediated Collaborative Learning

2000 ◽  
pp. 307-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic ◽  
Carolyn Webb
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Communicative Practices

This chapter presents a critical approach to collaborative learning viewed as a social interaction process. Based on Habermas’ theory of communicative action, the chapter proposes a communicative model of collaborative learning with the aim to enhance understanding of communicative practices in Web-mediated collaborative learning situations and to provide a methodological instrument for the analysis of concrete learning processes. Drawing on the empirical data from a field study the chapter illustrates how the communicative model of collaborative learning can be applied to analyse not only what linguistic interactions among students mean but also what they produce in a particular learning situation. The chapter concludes by summarising possible implications of this critical perspective and the communicative model of collaborative learning on both practical pedagogy and empirical research in Web-mediated environments.

scholarly journals Rural households in the stratification system of the Slovak society

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
D. Moravčíková ◽  
M. Hanová ◽  
K. Klimentová
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slovak Society ◽  
Stratification System ◽  
Regional Position ◽  
The Individual

This report deals with the problems of the status of rural households in the stratification system of the post-socialist Slovak society. The authors take as the basis the concept of associated classification and knowledge about the trends in the development of the social structure of Slovak society in the transformation period. The processing of empirical data from the survey research of rural households in three districts served as an example to compare the classification of households within the economic and socio-cultural lines by the means of the selected indicators. The analysis refers to the inconsistency of the stratification of rural households according to the economic and income statuses as well as education, population and socioeconomic qualities which are significantly conditioned by the regional position and situation. The representative types of rural households for the individual social strata are characterized in the conclusions. They are characterized with regard to the used criteria.

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