scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of danofloxacin regarding to bacteria, pathogens of respiratory infections in pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (95) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
T. I. Stetsko ◽  
I. Ia. Kotsiumbas ◽  
Ya. M. Liubenko ◽  
V. N. Padovskyi ◽  
H. P. Uhryn
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Bordetella Bronchiseptica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
High Level

The objective of the research was to study the antimicrobial activity of danofloxacin, the third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, against bacteria, pathogens of acute respiratory infection in pigs. Samples of nasal excretions were selected from clinically sick weaned piglets with acute respiratory infection for microbiological investigation. The sensitivity test, carried out by the disc-diffusion method, showed a high level of the microflora sensitivity of the inflammatory exudate to danofloxacin. Bacteria Streptococcus suis and Bordetella bronchiseptica have been isolated and identified from biomaterial by generally accepted microbiological methods. The degree of antimicrobial activity of danofloxacin against isolated strains of microorganisms was established by determination the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of danofloxacin for isolated bacteria by consecutive dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium. The MIC average of danofloxacin for Streptococcus suis isolates (n = 20) was 0.33 ± 0.082 μg/ml and for Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates (n = 8) – 0.21 ± 0.044 μg/ml. The obtained results showed a high level of bacteriostatic activity of danofloxacin regarding bacterial isolates, pathogens of acute respiratory infection in pigs. Danofloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, is a critical antimicrobial substance for veterinary medicine. Therefore, chemotherapeutic agents based on this antibiotic can serve as a drug of choice for empirical treatment of pigs with acute respiratory infections of bacterial etiology. To right choose an effective agent for etiotropic therapy and minimize the selection of resistant strains of microorganisms, the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated bacteria should be pre-established.

scholarly journals Investigation of the antimicrobial activity of danofoloxacin against bacteria pathogens in goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
T. I. Stetsko ◽  
Ya. M. Liubenko ◽  
V. N. Padovskyi ◽  
L. L. Ostrovska ◽  
O. Yo. Kalinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
First Choice

Fluoroquinolones are critical antimicrobials for both human and veterinary medicine. Due to their unique mechanism of antimicrobial action and good pharmacokinetic properties, they are often the first choice drugs in the treatment of bacterial infections in animals. The purpose of the investigation was to study the antimicrobial activity of a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic of danofloxacin against bacteria, pathogens of respiratory and intestinal infection in goats. The samples of the nasal outflows (respiratory infection) and fecal masses (intestinal infection) were collected from clinically ill goats for microbiological studies. The sensitivity test of the microflora of the biomaterial, carried out by the disco-diffusion method, showed that the microorganisms of all the samples were sensitive to danofloxacin. Bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia (n = 10), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 4) and Escherichia coli (n = 2) were isolated and identified from nasal exudate samples (n = 10). Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from all faecal samples (n = 12). The degree of bacteriostatic activity of danofloxacin was determined by establishing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for bacterial isolates by sequential dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium. The average MIC of danofloxacin for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates was 0.26 ± 0.13 μg/ml and for Staphylococcus aureus isolates – 0.25 ± 0.075 μg/ml. For Escherichia coli strains isolated from faeces of goats suffering from coli infection, the average MIC of danofloxacin was 0.38 ± 0.12 μg/ml (range 0.2 to 0.8 μg/ml). Antimicrobial sensitivity testing have shown a high level of bacteriostatic activity of danofloxacin against bacteria, pathogens of respiratory and intestinal infections in goats. This may be the argument for the use of danofloxacin-based chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of bacterial infections in goats, especially for the empirical approach to therapy.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL, MICROBIOLOGICAL, AND TECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE FIELD OF OBTAINING A HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY FROM THE LIQUORICE ROOT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Nikolay Boyko ◽  
Alexandr Tkachev ◽  
Anatoliy Kovalenko ◽  
Dmitriy Pisarev ◽  
Victoria Kuznietsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Minimal Concentration ◽  
Vector Theory ◽  
High Level ◽  
Activity Comparison

Objective: The objective of this work was to carry out studies in the field of development of a hydroalcoholic extract from the liquorice root that has a high level of antimicrobial activity.Methods: For the antibacterial study of extracts, we have used the agar well diffusion method. In our research, we have utilized six test-strain microorganisms: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 4636, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans ATCC 885/653, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Authors have applied vector theory for antimicrobial activity comparison of liquorice root extracts.Results: Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from the liquorice root with the use of different concentrations of ethanol have been studied. The optimal range of ethanol concentration of 65±15% v/v has been found. The dependency between the integral index of antimicrobial activity of the extract and concentration of glycyram and licuroside has been found. The minimal concentration of glycyram and licuroside in the extract has been calculated for an exhibition of the target level of extract’s antimicrobial activity, which is 1.0 and 0.11% w/v, respectively.Conclusion: It has been found that the concentration of licuroside has greater influence on the integral index of extract’s antimicrobial activity in comparison with that one of glycyram. A highly effective technology for obtaining an extract with target phytochemical parameters has been suggested.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN ISPA DITINJAU DARI STATUS RUMAH DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOTA WILAYAH UTARA KOTA KEDIRI

IKESMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Home Ventilation

Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is one of the most common causes of death in children of developing countries. The cause of ARI include home building materials made of asbestos, has a floor with a thickness of less than 20cm and has a floor area of less than 10% of the floor area. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical condition to Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) at public health centers in the region of the northern town of Kediri.This study was an analyticstudy with cross-sectional approach. There were 102 samples on society at public health centers in the region of the northern town of Kediri, and use simple random sampling. The independent variable is the building constructures, the type of floor, and size of ventilation, while the dependent variable was the incident of Acute Respiratory Infection. Data were analyzed by logistic regression.The results showed that, p value = 0,000 <a =0,05, so there is physical condition home has affected the occurrence ARI. While the most dominant factor of the three factors is size of ventilation where the value of Exp (B) 0,014 more than the other two factors, are building contructure where the value Exp (B) 0,012 and the type of floor where the value Exp (B) 0,010.The majority of respondents suffering from ARI and most the of respondent have a home ventilation that does not qualify, therefore people should pay more attention to the ventilation of their homes so spacious home ventilation of at least 10 % of their floor area. Keywords: Acute Respiratory Infection, Building Material, Floor, Ventilation

Differences in antibiotic prescriptions between direct-to-consumer telehealth and telehealth in the emergency department

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110349
Author(s):  
Peter Yao ◽  
Kriti Gogia ◽  
Sunday Clark ◽  
Hanson Hsu ◽  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Direct To Consumer

Background Telemedicine, which allows physicians to assess and treat patients via real-time audiovisual conferencing, is a rapidly growing modality for providing medical care. Antibiotic stewardship is one important measure of care quality, and research on antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in direct-to-consumer telemedicine has yielded mixed results. We compared antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory infections in two groups treated by telemedicine: (1) patients treated via a direct-to-consumer telemedicine application and (2) patients treated via telemedicine while physically inside the emergency department. Methods We included direct-to-consumer telemedicine and emergency department telemedicine visits for patients 18 years and older with physician-coded International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision acute respiratory infection diagnoses between November 2016 and December 2018. Patients in both groups were seen by the same emergency department faculty working dedicated telemedicine shifts. We compared antibiotic prescribing rates for direct-to-consumer telemedicine and emergency department telemedicine visits before and after adjustment for age, sex, and diagnosis. Results We identified a total of 468 acute respiratory infection visits: 191 direct-to-consumer telemedicine visits and 277 emergency department telemedicine visits. Overall, antibiotics were prescribed for 47% of visits (59% of direct-to-consumer telemedicine visits vs 39% of emergency department telemedicine visits; odds ratio 2.23; 95% confidence interval 1.53–3.25; P < 0.001). The difference in antibiotic prescribing rates remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and diagnosis (odds ratio 2.49; 95% confidence interval 1.65–3.77; P < 0.001). Conclusion Patients seen by the same group of physicians for acute respiratory infection were significantly more likely to be prescribed antibiotics by direct-to-consumer telemedicine care compared with telemedicine care in the emergency department. This work suggests that contextual factors rather than evaluation over video may contribute to differences in antibiotic stewardship for direct-to-consumer telemedicine encounters.

A model for improving and assessing outpatient stewardship initiatives for acute respiratory infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Guzik ◽  
Pooja Kothari ◽  
Misha Sharp ◽  
Belinda Ostrowsky ◽  
Gopi Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
New Yorker ◽  
Stage 1

Many hospitals have established inpatient antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs), but outpatient activities remain limited. In 2016, the United Hospital Fund (UHF), an independent nonprofit working to build a more effective healthcare system for every New Yorker, launched a 2-stage grant-funded initiative to evaluate outpatient antibiotic stewardship, focusing on adults with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Conclusions from stage 1 included few outpatient antibiotic stewardship activities, variation in prescribing, macrolides as the most commonly prescribed antibiotic, and provider interest in improving prescribing.1

Impact of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease with hemodynamic repercussion on the severity of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age at a pediatric referral center in Colombia, South America

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1866-1873
Author(s):  
Diego A. Lozano-Espinosa ◽  
Victor M. Huertas-Quiñones ◽  
Carlos E. Rodríguez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children Under 5

AbstractBackground:Acute respiratory infection is one of the main causes of morbidity in children. Some studies have suggested that pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease with haemodynamic repercussion increase the severity of respiratory infections, but there are few publications in developing countries.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study evaluating the impact of pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart disease (CHD) with haemodynamic repercussion as predictors of severity in children under 5 years of age hospitalised for acute respiratory infection.Results:Altogether, 217 children hospitalised for a respiratory infection who underwent an echocardiogram were evaluated; 62 children were diagnosed with CHD with haemodynamic repercussion or pulmonary hypertension. Independent predictors of admission to intensive care included: pulmonary hypertension (RR 2.14; 95% CI 1.06–4.35, p = 0.034), respiratory syncytial virus (RR 2.52; 95% CI 1.29–4.92, p = 0.006), and bacterial pneumonia (RR 3.09; 95% CI 1.65–5.81, p = 0.000). A significant difference was found in average length of hospital stay in children with the cardiovascular conditions studied (p = 0.000).Conclusions:Pulmonary hypertension and CHD with haemodynamic repercussion as well as respiratory syncytial virus and bacterial pneumonia were predictors of severity in children with respiratory infections in this study. Early recognition of cardiovascular risks in paediatric populations is necessary to lessen the impact on respiratory infections.

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute respiratory infections among under five children attending public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016/2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu ◽  
Kalayou Kidanu ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Mekuria Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Maternal Literacy

Abstract Background Acute Respiratory infection accounts for 94,037000 disability adjusted life years and 1.9 million deaths worldwide. Acute respiratory infections is the most common causes of under-five illness and mortality. The under five children gets three to six episodes of acute respiratory infections annually regardless of where they live. Disease burden due to acute respiratory infection is 10–50 times higher in developing countries when compared to developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of acute respiratory infection among under-five children attending Public hospitals in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods Institution based case control study was conducted from Nov 2016 to June 2017. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 288 (96 cases and 192 controls) children under 5 years of age. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to examine statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables at 95% confidence level. Level of statistical Significance was declared at p < 0.05. Tables, figures and texts were used to present data. Result One hundred sixty (55.6%) and 128 (44.4%) of the participants were males and females respectively. Malnutrition (AOR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.584–8.951; p = 0.039), cow dung use (AOR =2.21; 95%CI: 1.121–9.373; p = 0.014), presence of smoker in the family (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI: 0.046–0.980; p = 0.042) and maternal literacy (AOR = 3.098; 95%CI: 1.387–18.729; p = 0.021) were found to be significant predictors of acute respiratory infection among under five children. Conclusion According to this study maternal literacy, smoking, cow dung use and nutritional status were strongly associated with increased risk of childhood acute respiratory infection. Health care providers should work jointly with the general public, so that scientific knowledge and guidelines for adopting particular preventive measures for acute respiratory infection are disseminated.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) among children under 10-years in Rohingya refugee camp

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Shafiqua Nawrin Oishi ◽  
Nazmul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Aged People

Acute respiratory infections are cause by bacterial, fungal or viral infections of the respiratory tract. Very young and older aged people are most vulnerable of these infections lead to difficulties from fever, cough, nasal discharge, sputum production, fatigue, wheezing, pain on swallowing, at times ear infections and meningitis. With huge number of Rohingya influx in Bangladesh, camps are overly crowded allowing many infectious diseases to transmit easily. Although there are researches that have been conducted in this area, there remains a huge gap of research in these camps where children being vulnerable are mostly suffering from respiratory disease such as Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). This cross-sectional study investigated the risk factors associated with ARI among children less than 10 years in Rohingya refugee camps. After collecting information based on their demographic, anthropometric, history of respiratory problem, accommodation and nutritional status, it was found that about 21.6% of 259 children under this study had symptoms of ARI. Living in congested housing and with lack of nutritious food children were found negatively associated with ARI.

scholarly journals Антимікробна активність нового комбінованого антибактеріального препарату на основі флуорфеніколу та доксицикліну

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
T.I. Stetsko ◽  
V.P. Muzyka ◽  
L.L. Ostrovska ◽  
V.I. Butsyak
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Bordetella Bronchiseptica ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum

Bacterial infections of noncontagious character is one of the most common diseases among livestock and poultry. Often an association of microorganisms is etiological factor for these diseases. In this case, actual is an introduction into clinical practice antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, which would cover the most microorganisms, causative agents of bacterial infections. One of appropriate and suitable methods that would increased the effectiveness of chemotherapy of bacterial infections is a rational use of a combination of antimicrobial agents. In the article the results of the study of antimicrobial activity of new combined antibacterial preparation, based on synthetic antibiotic florfenicol from the group amfenicols and doxycycline from the group of tetracyclines, are given. The level of bacteriostatic activity of the combination drug was compared with bacteriostatic activity of monopreparations, active ingredients in ones are separately florfenicol and doxycycline. Were determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the combined drug and monopreparations for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus suis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Escherichia coli and Salmonella pullorum, isolated from biological material, took from pigs and broiler chickens with various bacterial diseases. The results showed that florfenicol and doxycycline in combined preparation act indifferently regarding isolates Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus suis and Escherichia coli, when every antibiotic in an combination demonstrates independent action on the organism, not different activity at their separate application. At the same time, the active ingredients of the combined drug showed a synergistic effect against the isolated strains Bordetella bronchiseptica and Salmonella pullorum, demonstrated by increasing the activity of the combination of antibacterial compounds compared to the sum of their independent effects by increasing the activity of one or both of active drug components.

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