scholarly journals Beneficial Role of Mushroom in Recovering Complications of Hypercholesterolemia

Author(s):  
Swarup Kumar Kundu ◽  
Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan ◽  
Shonkor Kumar Das

Mushrooms are considered as a valuable source of important nutrients having hepatoprotective and anti-hyperlipidemic actions. Present experimental research was done to explore the beneficial role of mushroom on health in hypercholesterolemia. Total thirty Swiss albino mice were taken and randomly divided into three groups: control A, group B and group C. Each group consisted of ten mice. The control A group was fed with normal mice pellet and fresh water. Group B was fed with hypercholesterolemic diet and group C was supplied hypercholesterolemic diet with mushroom powder (500g/kg/mice body weight) for 60 days. After the experimental tenure, mice of each group were sacrificed ethically and the samples (liver and blood) were collected for gross, histological study and lipid profile analysis.  Increased liver weight, pale and hemorrhagic liver in gross observation along with some histological changes including dilation and congestion of central and portal vein, fat accumulation in hepatocyte and marked lymphocytic infiltration were found in group B, while mushroom supplementation recovered this gross and histological changes and reduced liver weight in group C. Just mild congestion and dilation was in the portal vein of group C. In lipid profile analysis, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) level significantly reduced respectively by 10%, 38% and 17% in group C than group B. High density lipoprotein (HDL) level also significantly increased by 20% in group C compared to group B. Therefore, it can be concluded that mushrooms might have potentially beneficial actions in recovering of some complications in hypercholesterolemia.

Author(s):  
Sheena Chopra ◽  
Sangeeta Pahwa

Background: Preeclampsia is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and is a major cause of the fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at finding the role of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler as a reliable predictor of risk of preeclampsia in early second trimester.Methods: This study is conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Amritsar. Lipid profile and Uterine artery doppler is estimated in 100 antenatal women from 14-20 weeks of period of gestation who met the inclusion criteria and are followed up till delivery or till preeclampsia sets in.Results: Out of 100 subjects 74 remained normotensive (Group A) and 26 developed preeclampsia (Group B). The mean serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) was significantly higher in Group B as compared to group A women. The Preeclamptic women showed significant fall in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) level as compared to normal pregnant women. The mean S/D ratio, PI and RI values of uterine artery Doppler were higher for group B and were statistically significant.Conclusions: The combined predictive value of lipid profile and uterine artery Doppler for estimating risk of preeclampsia was more reliable than of any of the test individually.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-fang Jia ◽  
Han-xue Yang ◽  
Nan-nan Zhuang ◽  
Xu-yuan Yin ◽  
Zhen-hua Zhu ◽  
...  

AbstractLipid profile (total cholesterol and lipoprotein fractions) has been found to correlate with depression and cognitive impairment across the lifespan. However, the role of lipid levels in self-rated depressive state and cognitive impairment remains unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and cognition in adults with and without self-rated depression. Four hundred and thirty-eight healthy participants completed the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and a serum lipoprotein test. Using multivariate ANOVA, partial correlation and network analysis, a network linking lipoprotein profile, depressive state and cognition was constructed. A significant difference in serum lipid profile between the high and low depressive groups was detected. Depressive state had a strong negative correlation with cognitive performance. Of the lipid profile, only high-density lipoprotein was positively correlated with depressive symptom severity, whereas the other three indices showed negative correlation with both depressive state and cognitive performance. Our results suggest that serum lipid profile may be directly linked to self-rated depression and cognitive performance. Further studies recruiting larger clinical samples are needed to elucidate the specific effect of lipoprotein on cognitive impairment in mood disorder.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Most Sumona Akter ◽  
Md Abu Yousuf ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
Most Mahfuja Khatun ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
...  

Ground nut is one of the commonly used decorative nutritious relish seed around the world. Ground nut have hypocholesterolamic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, immune-modulatory and bacterial counting effects. In Bangladesh, limited research has so far been performed on the action of ground nut in biological system and its comparative efficacy with commercialized drugs that reduce blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was carried on the effects of PUFA on blood total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) and against artificial inoculation (I/N) Staphylococcus aureus infection of experimental rat by feeding of ground nut. A total of fifteen long Evans rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for this study. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5) and numbered as A, B and C. Group A (control), Group B (50gm ground nut/ day/group), group C (100 gm ground nut/day/group). All groups were supplied with standard broiler pellet and fresh drinking water throughout the experimental period (January to June /2012). The blood samples were collected directly from the heart at the 1st and 60th day for biochemical test (TC, LDL, HDL and TG) and test was performed as per Memorial Diagnostic Centre, Charpara, Mymensingh. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in nutrient broth and 100 µl of their culture was inoculated into the rats through intranasal route. Among all the treated groups, the rats of group C exhibited the lowest TC value, TG and LDL and reduced blood cholesterol significantly than (control group A) followed by group B. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that the number of bacterial colony lowest in group C in comparison with the group of A and B. From the present experiment, it can be assumed that PUFA has significant effect on blood lipid profile and against bacterial infection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 235-243


1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Omar Faruq Mridha ◽  
Parvin Noor ◽  
Rahima Khaton ◽  
Dipa Islam ◽  
Motaher Hossain

To study the Effect of Spirulina platensis on lipid profile of Long Evan rats, an experiment was conducted by feeding the rats with diets supplemented with Spirulina platensis dry powder. Five different types of diets were included in the feeding. Group A containing high fat and high sugar considered as control-01. Group B with high fat, high sugar and 0.5% Spirulina. Group C with high fat, high sugar and 2.5% Spirulina. These three groups were included in Diet-1. Group D with laboratory diets considered as control-02 and Group E i.e., laboratory diet with Spirulina 150mg/kg/body weight. These two groups were included in Diet-2. This study describes the useful effect of Spirulina powder after administration in high fat and high sugar diet and in normal laboratory diet. Spirulina platensis powder showed an effective result in the lipid profile of Long Evan rats. Total cholesterol (TC) serum lipid significantly reduced in Group B than that of 2.5% of Spirulina powder in Group C rats. 0.5% and 2.5% Spirulina powder had the same effect in dropping low density lipoprotein (LDL) in both B and C Groups of rats. Conversely 2.5% Spirulina powder was found more effective in increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL) in Group C (50.54%) rats than the group B (24.18%) rats. On the other hand, the dose 150mg/kg b.w Spirulina powder mixed in laboratory diet showed an effective result in decreasing total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) 19.21% and 46.06%, respectively. The findings clearly indicated that 150mg/kg b.w Spirulina powder had positive effect to increase the value of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in Group E (24.98%) rats compare to control group D rats. There were no significant differences in diet-1 groups' TC, TG and LDL-C of the groups of A (control- 01), B and C (p<0.05), although they varies statistically for HDL among these groups (p>0.05). On the other hand in diet-2 groups' TG, LDL and HDL of E groups of rats were significantly varies than control-2 groups of rats D ( p>0.05), although TC was not significant statistically (p<0.05). Keywords: High fat diet; Body weight (b.w); Hypercholesterolemia; Hypolipidaemic; Spirulina platensis. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6533Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 249-254, 2010


Author(s):  
Hymavathi K. Reddy ◽  
Vineela P. ◽  
Bhargavi M. Chowdary

Background: A comparative study of serum lipid profile and magnesium levels in normal pregnancy versus preeclampsia (PE).Methods: A prospective study done for 2 years (October 2014 to October 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana medical college and hospital, a tertiary care centre, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A sample size of 200 pregnant women, recruited and divided into group A and B. group A being women with PE and group B is normal pregnant women.A10ml of venous blood was collected in the fasting state and serum collected from clotted blood to measure lipid profile, magnesium, Apo lipoprotein A-I and Apo lipoprotein B 100.Serum Lipid profile  measured by enzymatic method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum magnesium measured by dye binding method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using Humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum ApoA-I and ApoB were measured by immune-turbidometry using commercial kits from Spinreact Spain. Urine albumin done by dipstick method.Results: Serum total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), Apo lipoprotein B 100 (Apo B100) were high and serum Magnesium, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Apo lipoprotein A1(Apo A1) were low in the study group (group A) compared to controls (group B).Conclusions: Abnormal lipid profile (low HDL and increased TG concentration) and serum hypomagnesaemia may be contributing etiologies of preeclampsia, having good predictive value as a screening procedure for PE in high risk pregnant population.


1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kagan ◽  
Eti Elimalech ◽  
Zvi Lerner ◽  
Aaron Fink ◽  
Yaacov Bar-Khayim

Objective To determine whether lipoprotein abnormalities associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are influenced by residual renal function (RRF). Design Open, non randomized prospective and com -parative study. Setting Single university teaching hospital dialysis unit and outpatient clinic. Patients Twenty adult patients on standard CAPD (1 -38 months) were divided into two groups: group A (RRF ≤ 0.8 mL/min, n = 10) and group B (RRF ≥ 1.1 mL/ min, n = 10). Patients in the two groups were matched for age, time on dialysis, body weight, body mass index, serum urea and albumin levels, peritoneal and urinary albumin losses, and peritoneal transport characteristics such as overnight 8hour peritoneal creatinine and β2-microglobulin clearances and overnight 8-hour effluent glucose concentrations. Results The degree of uremia in patients with preserved RRF (group B) was obviously lower than in patients with negligible RRF (group A), that is, patients in group B had significantly lower serum creatinine and β2-microglobulin levels and significantly higher weekly KTN than group A patients. Despite the prevalence of allele 4 of apolipoprotein E genotype in group A patients, their levels of serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) were significantly lower than those of patients with preserved RRF (group B). The two groups did not differ significantly in the serum levels of triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Serum concentrations of Lp(a) and ApoA1, as well as ratios of ApoA1 to ApoB, were correlated significantly with RRF (r = 0.63, r = 0.51, and r = 0.61, respectively). Conclusions The findings suggest that RRF affects the lipid profile of CAPD patients, especially serum levels of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins.


2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Alessenko ◽  
A.T. Lebedev ◽  
I.N. Kurochkin

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. One of the most significant risk factors for atherosclerosis is hypercholesterolemia. Its diagnostics is based on routine lipid profile analysis, including the determination of total cholesterol, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. However in recent years, much attention has been paid to the crosstalk between the metabolic pathways of the cholesterol and sphingolipids biosynthesis. Sphingolipids are a group of lipids, containing a molecule of aliphatic alcohol sphingosine. These include sphingomyelins, cerebrosides, gangliosides and ceramides, sphingosines, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S-1-P). It has been found that catabolism of sphingolipids is associated with catabolism of cholesterol. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is still unknown. Particular attention as CVD inducer attracts ceramide (Cer). Lipoprotein aggregates isolated from atherosclerotic pluques are enriched with Cer. The level of Cer and sphingosine increases after ischemia reperfusion of the heart, in the infarction zone and in the blood, and also in hypertension. S-1-P exhibits pronounced cardioprotective properties. Its content sharply decreases with ischemia and myocardial infarction. S-1-P presents predominantly in HDL, and influences their multiple functions. Increased levels of Cer and sphingosine and decreased levels of S-1-P formed in the course of coronary heart disease can be an important factor in the development of atherosclerosis. It is proposed to use determination of sphingolipids in blood plasma as markers for early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia and for hypertension in humans. There are intensive studies aimed at correction of metabolism S-1-P. The most successful drugs are those that use S-1-P receptors as a targets, since all of its actions are receptor-mediated.


Author(s):  
Gabriel Olukayode Ajayi ◽  
Elvis Uchechukwu Obi ◽  
Elizabeth Namesegua Elegbeleye ◽  
Precious Titilayo Obayemi ◽  
Oyindamola Mary Edamisan

Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease which has been associated with liver and kidney injuries, and at the same time affects lipid profiles. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Vernonia amygdalina (VAM) on plasma lipid profile, liver and kidney enzymes in rats with streptozotocin -induced diabetes. Twenty-five male albino wistar rats weighing between 137 and 223 g were randomly grouped into five of five rats per group as follows: control, diabetic, diabetic + metformin (MET), diabetic + VAM at 150, 300 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by administration of 45 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.01 M, pH 4.5) by single intraperitoneal injection. Three days after, when diabetes was confirmed, MET and VAM were administered daily by oral gavage for 7 days. Animals were fasted overnight after the last administration of MET and VAM, sacrificed, blood was collected and plasma prepared for lipid profile estimation. Liver and kidney were collected, weighed, homogenized and supernatants obtained for enzymes and biochemical assays. There were no significant (p>0.05) change in the weights of animal, liver and kidney, liver/rat and kidney/rat ratios, plasma cholesterol (CHOL) concentration, activities of liver and kidney aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and liver and kidney total protein (TPRO) concentrations; significant (p<0.05) decrease in triglyceride (TRIG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL); and significant (p<0.05) increase in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, kidney GGT, LDH activities, liver and kidney creatinine (CREA) and total bilirubin (TBIL) concentrations of diabetic (STZ) rats compared with normal control. The treatment of the diabetic rats with MET and VAM significantly modulated positively these parameters compared with the diabetic rats. This study further explains the protective role played by VAM in dyslipidaemia, liver and kidney injuries resulting from diabetes.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Al-Regaiey ◽  
Suad Alshubrami ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Beeshi ◽  
Torki Alnasser ◽  
Abdulnasser Alwabel ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for severe obesity. It also ameliorates diabetes independently of weight loss through mechanisms that are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the levels of GH, IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) after gastric sleeve surgery in healthy obese individuals. Method This study was conducted in 33 obese (BMI > 38.3) healthy male subjects aged 25 to 50 years undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. GH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 levels were evaluated by ELISA at baseline and 6-12 months after surgery. Other parameters, such as glucose, BMI, insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid profile, were also investigated. Results Systemic GH (12.32 vs. 50.97 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and IGFBP-2 levels (51.86 vs. 68.81 pg/mL, p < 0.001) were elevated after bariatric surgery. There was no change in IGF-1 level from before to after surgery. BMI (52.18 vs. 40.11, p = 0.001), insulin (19.35 vs. 8.80 mIU/L, p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR index (6.48 to 2.52, p < 0.001) were reduced after surgery. Lipid profile analysis revealed that total cholesterol (4.26 vs. 5.12 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (0.90 to 1.55 mmol/L, p < 0.001) were increased, while triglycerides were decreased, after surgery (1.62 vs. 1.05 mmol/L p < 0.001). GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-2 were not correlated with insulin or lipid parameters. Conclusions Our study suggests that improved circulating GH and IGFBP-2 levels may mediate the beneficial effects of gastric sleeve surgery in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing insulin demand.


Author(s):  
Д.П. Покусаева ◽  
И.А. Аниховская ◽  
Л.А. Коробкова ◽  
М.Ю. Яковлев

В последние годы большое внимание уделяется роли микробиоты в атерогенезе с позиций воспалительной теории. На основании экспериментальных и клинических данных была сформулирована эндотоксиновая теория атеросклероза. Подтверждением важной роли кишечного липополисахарида в атерогенезе является возрастная динамика показателей системной эндотоксинеми и липидного профиля. Цель исследования - выявление взаимосвязи между показателями системной эндотоксинемии и факторами риска атеросклероза, в аспекте возрастных и гендерных различий. Методика. Обследовано 113 пациентов среднего возраста. Все пациенты прошли оценку факторов риска развития атеросклероза по шкале SCORE. Пациенты были отнесены к средней группе риска (до 5%), оценивали себя как «здоровые», жалоб на момент обследования не предъявляли. Индекс массы тела был до 30 кг/м2. Определялись показатели липидного профиля (анализатор «StatFax 3300», США, реактивы «Analyticon», Германия): уровень общего холестерина, липопротеинов высокой плотности и уровень триглицеридов, рассчитывался индекс атерогенности и концентрация липопротеинов низкой плотности. Определялись параметры системной эндотоксинемии: концентрации липополисахарида (микро-ЛАЛ-тест), уровень антител к гидрофобной и гидрофильной частям молекулы ЛПС методом «СОИС-ИФА». Результаты. Выявлена прямая значимая корреляция концентрации общего холестерина, липопротеинов низкой плотности и липопротеинов высокой плотности в зависимости от возраста. При построении регрессионной модели зависимости показателей системной эндотоксинемии от пола и возраста пациентов не выявлено. При визуальной оценке графиков обращает внимание наличие у женщин тенденции к возрастному повышению уровня липополисахарида и снижению концентрации антител к гидрофильной части молекулы липополисахарида. Обнаружены гендерные различия показателей липидного профиля и уровня липополисахарида. Заключение. Статистически значимая возрастная динамика показателей липидного профиля при тенденции к нарастанию уровня липополисахарида, а также снижение концентрации антител к гидрофильной части молекула липополисахарида, имеющее определённые гендерные различия, свидетельствует о целесообразности продолжения исследований с увеличением числа обследованных в расширенном возрастном диапазоне. Atherosclerosis is a polyetiologic disease. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the role of the microbiota in atherogenesis from the perspective of inflammatory theory. Based on experimental and clinical data, the endotoxin theory of atherosclerosis was formulated. Confirmation of the important role of intestinal lipopolysaccharide in atherogenesis is the age dynamics of systemic endotoxemia parametrs and lipid profile. The goal of our study was to identify the relationship between the indicators of systemic endotoxemia and the generally accepted risk factors for atherosclerosis, especially the age dynamics and the influence of gender. Methods. We examined 113 patients middle age. All patients were assessed for risk factors for atherosclerosis according to the SCORE scale. Patients were assigned to the average risk group (up to 5%), rated themselves as “healthy”, did not present any complaints at the time of the survey. The body mass index was up to 30 kg/m2. Indicators of the lipid profile were determined («StatFax» 3300 analyzer, USA, «Analyticon» reagents, Germany): the level of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, the atherogenic index and the concentration of low-density lipoprotein were calculated. The parameters of systemic endotoxemia were determined: the concentration of lipopolysaccharide using a micro-LAL test, the level of antibodies to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipopolysaccharide molecule using the “SOIS-ELISA” method. Results. A direct significant correlation was found between the concentration of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, depending on age. When constructing a regression model of the age dynamics, the concentrations of lipopolysaccharides, antibodies to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the lipopolysaccharide molecule were not detected (p> 0.05). When adjusted for gender, the age dynamics of systemic endotoxemia was also not observed. When visually assessing the graphs, attention is drawn to the fact that women have an age-related tendency to increase the level of lipopolysaccharide and a decrease in the concentration of antibodies to the hydrophilic part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule. In addition, gender differences in lipid profile and lipopolysaccharide levels were found. Conclusion. The significant age-related dynamics of the lipid profile in the presence of a tendency to an increase in the level of lipopolysaccharide and a decrease in the concentration of antibodies to the hydrophilic part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule, which has certain gender differences, revealed the necessity and feasibility of continuing research with an increase in the number of subjects and in the extended age range.


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