scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN GLISEROL TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK FILM PLASTIK BIODEGRADASI DARI PATI KULIT SINGKONG

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Zulisma Anita ◽  
Fauzi Akbar ◽  
Hamidah Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Starch Composition ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Main Material

Biodegradable plastics are plastics that will decompose in nature with the help of microorganisms. The use of starch as the main material of plastic manufacturing has great potential because in Indonesia there are different starch crops. To obtain bioplastics, starch is added to the glycerol, in order to obtain a more flexible plastic and elastic. This study reviews the use of cassava starch and glycerol skin asa base for the manufacture of biodegradable plastics. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of adding glycerol in the process of making biodegradable plastic from cassava peel waste. In this research, the study of bioplastic manufacturing mixed starch with glycerol as a plastisizer to do variations of the glycerol. The results obtained in the form of a thin sheet of plastic (plastic film) that have been tested mechanical properties obtained optimum data variables namely cassava starch composition 3,5%, and the power og pull 0,02122Mpa, and plastic film storage time for 14 days.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WAKTU SIMPAN FILM PLASTIK BIODEGRADASI DARI PATI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIKALNYA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzi Akbar ◽  
Zulisma Anita ◽  
Hamidah Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Plasticizer Migration ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Main Material

Biodegradable plastics are plastics that will decompose in nature with the help of microorganisms. The use of starch as the main material of plastic manufacturing has great potential because in Indonesia there are different starch crops. To obtain bioplastics, starch is added to the plasticizer glycerol, in order to obtain a more flexible plastic and elastic. This study reviews the use of cassava starch and glycerol skin as a base for the manufacture of biodegradable plastics. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of storage time on the mechanical properties of plastic film biodegradation of starch cassava peel. The results obtained in the form of a thin sheet plastic film that have been tested mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and elasticity. Mechanical properties of plastic films will decrease every week due to the absorption of moisture and plasticizer migration occurs in a matrix of plastic films for storage.

scholarly journals The Performance and Characterization of Biodegradable Plastic from Tapioca Starch: Effect of Modified Chitosan

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Lia Ernita ◽  
Medyan Riza ◽  
Syaubari Syaubari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Modified Chitosan

The performance and characterization of biodegradable plastic from tapioca starch was studied. Modified the chitosan was one of the ingredients for produce  the biodegradable plastics. The produced biodegradable polastic were thin sheet plastic, elastic and transparent. The biodegradable plastic performance had tensile strength between 2,26-3.73 Mpa, elongation ranges from 17.24 to 76.76%, and water absorption ranges from 30.81-268.9%. In antioxidant analyze, apples are wrapped in plastic and had significant mechanical properties changes on 8th day.Morphology scanning result showed that in the chitosan-polyNIPAM there were no cavities may caused high hydrophilicity in the biodegradable plastic.

POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE BERBASIS PATI SAGU DAN UBIKAYU DI INDONESIA / The Development Potential of Sago and Cassava Starch-Based Biodegradable Plastic in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Elmi Kamsiati ◽  
Heny Herawati ◽  
Endang Yuli Purwani
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Production Stages

<p>Plastic is a packaging materials that are widely used but has an adverse impact on the environment because it is difficult to degrade in nature. Production technology of biodegradable plastics from natural resources that have characteristic environmentally friendly has developed. Starch-based biodegradable plastic is a widely developed type because the production process is simple and the raw materials more readily available. The starch of cassava and sago has potential as a raw material of biodegradable plastic because of the availability and its characteristic. Also, to make starch as the main ingredient, plasticizers and structural strengthening materials are required to produce biodegradable plastic with excellent characteristics. The production stages of biodegradable plastics include mixing, heating, and casting. The starch-based biodegradable plastic that can apply to an environmentally friendly packaging material has an excellent opportunity developed in Indonesia.</p><p>Keywords: Starch, sago, cassava, biodegradable plastics, production technology</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Plastik merupakan bahan pengemas yang banyak digunakan namun berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan karena sulit terdegradasi di alam. Teknologi produksi plastik biodegradable atau bioplastik yang dibuat dari bahan alami dan ramah lingkungan sudah mulai dikembangkan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati relatif lebih mudah diproduksi dan bahan baku mudah diperoleh. Pati ubi kayu dan sagu memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku plastik biodegradable ditinjau dari ketersediaan dan karakteristiknya. Selain pati sebagai bahan utama, diperlukan pula plastisizer atau bahan pemlastis dan bahan penguat struktur untuk menghasilkan plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik yang baik. Tahapan produksinya meliputi pencampuran, pemanasan, dan pencetakan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengemas yang ramah lingkungan dan berpeluang besar dikembangkan.</p><p>Kata kunci: Pati, sagu, ubi kayu, bioplastik, teknologi produksi</p>

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI BIOPLASTIK DARI RUMPUT LAUT (EUCHEUMA COTTONII) DAN PATI SINGKONG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PATI BIJI ALPUKAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Gracia Ramadhani Putri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii ◽  
Main Material

The increasing use of plastics in everyday life results in environmental pollution. Synthetic plastic isdifficult to be degraded in nature, so we need the main material for making environmentally friendlyplastics. This research was conducted to synthesize seaweed-based biodegradable plastic (Eucheumacottonii) mixed with cassava starch and polysaccharides derived from various tropical fruit seeds thatare widely available in Indonesia such as avocado and durian with a composition ratio of 3:8:1.Characterization carried out included functional group analysis with FTIR, mechanical properties(tensile strength) and biodegradability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Stocking Temperature on Biodegradable Plastic Characteristics of Suweg Tuber (Amorphophallus campanulatus) with Addition of Glycerol and CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Layung Sari ◽  
Endaruji Sedyadi ◽  
Irwan Nugraha ◽  
Didik Krisdiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

Research that uses Suweg tubers as the basic material for making biodegradable plastics has been carried out.. This research aims to determine the effect of stirring temperature on the characteristics of biodegradable plastic. Suweg tuber starch preparation is done as the manufacture of biodegradable plastic. Manufacture of biodegradable plastics made by mixing suweg tuber starch, glycerol, and acetic acid, as well as the CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose). The manufacture of biodegradable plastic is carried out in two stages, namely stirring temperature variations (80⁰C, 85⁰C, 90⁰C, and 95⁰C) and the addition of CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose). Tests carried out include FTIR test, mechanical test and biodegradation test. FTIR test is carried out to determine the functional groups contained in plasticThe test of plastic mechanical properties was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of plastics, such as tensile strength, elongation, and thickness. Biodegradation tests are carried out on the ground to determine the level of plastic degradation while in the environment. The results showed that the effect of temperature affected the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic produced. Mechanical tests of stirring temperature variations with the addition of glycerol resulted in tensile strength, elongation, and thickness values of 80⁰C at 10.43 MPa; 2.08%; 85⁰C at 28.52 MPa; 1.60%, 90⁰C of 29.76 MPa; 2.18%, and 95⁰C of 32.49 MPa; 2.05%. These results can be seen that the largest biodegradable plastic tensile strength is found in temperature variations of 95⁰C, with a tensile strength of 32.49 MPa elongation 2.05%, and a thickness of 0.12 mm.. Mechanical properties test of temperature variation with the addition of glycerol and CMC resulted in the value of tensile strength, elongation, and temperature thickness of 80⁰C at 18.68 Mpa; 12.22%, 85⁰C equal to 14.69 MPa; 9.16%, 90⁰C of 16.71 MPa; 14.72%, 95⁰C of 13.94 MPa; 14.166%. These results can be seen that the largest biodegradable plastic tensile strength is found at 80⁰C temperature variations of 18.68 MPa, 12.22% elongation, 0.14 mm thickness. FTIR test, the biodegradable plastic produced, it is known that the plastic group produced is like CH, ester or ether. Plastic bio degradation test on soil, plastic with a temperature variation of 95⁰C has been degraded after 8 days, while plastic with the addition of CMC is degraded faster, for 7 days.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Tapioka Pada Pati Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) Terhadap Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable dan Karakterisasinya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Rustam Musta
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Percent Elongation ◽  
Tapioca Flour

Research on Biodegradable Plastic Characterization of Cassava Wastes (manihot esculenta) Substitution of Tapioca Flour. As Biodegradable Plastics Base Material. This study aims to determine the ratio of cassava starch to tapioca starch which produces the best biodegradable plastic which is then used for testing the physical and mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic film using 5% acetic acid. Comparison of cassava starch with tapioca flour used is 1 : 1; 1 : 1,5; 1 : 2; 1 : 2,5; 1 : 3. The best plastics are obtained by comparison of cassava starch with tapioca flour is 1 : 3. The characteristics of biodegradable plastics include physical characteristics consisting of thickness with value 0,273 mm, 0,286 mm, 0,413 mm, 0,280 mm, dan 0,510 mm. While the mechanical characteristics consist of tensile strength with value 0,22138 MPa, 2,10724 MPa, 0,78896 MPa, 3,25933 Mpa, dan 0,508 Mpa. Percent lengthening with value 42%, 32,8%, 55,6%, 20%, dan 31,6%. Based on the result of research, it can be concluded that the value of thickness, percent elongation, and tensile strength are influenced by the comparative formula used.Keywords:  Biodegradable plastic, physical properties, mechanics, cassava starch, tapioca flour

scholarly journals Modification of Sorghum Starch-Cellulose Bioplastic with Sorghum Stalks Filler

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Darni ◽  
Febrina Yohana Dewi ◽  
Lia Lismeri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Solid Liquid

This study evaluated the feasibility of bioplastics production by various ratio of sorghum starch and cellulose from red seaweed Eucheuma spinossum, and the use of glycerol as plasticizer and sorghum stalks as filler. Solid-liquid matrix transition should be far over the operating temperature of gelatinization and extracted at 95oC in order to avoid the loss of conductivity. The analyzed variables were starch and cellulose seaweed Eucheuma spinossum and the addition of variation of filler. Sorghum stalk could be expected to affect the mechanical and physical properties of bioplastics. A thin sheet of plastic (plastic film) was obtained as a result that have been tested mechanically to obtain the best condition for the formulation of starch-cellulose 8.5:1.5 (g/g). From the result of morphological studies, the fillers in the mixture composites were more randomly in each product and the addition of filler can increase mechanical properties of bioplastics. Chemical modification had a major effect on the mechanical properties. The phenomena of degradation and thermoplasticization were visible at chemical changes that can be observed in FTIR spectrum test results.

scholarly journals Biodegradable plastic modification from durian seed starch and shrimp chitosan with the addition of plasticiziers glycerol and polyglycerol using microwaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-192
Author(s):  
Saud Salomo ◽  
◽  
Astri Devi Br Pakpahan ◽  
Dea Gracella Siagian ◽  
Grecy Kristina Tampubolon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Plastic Degradation ◽  
Durian Seed ◽  
Biodegradation Test

Plastic waste takes up to 450 years to decompose. These problems can be overcome by creating other alternatives, one of which is by using biodegradable plastic. Biodegradable plastics are plastics made from natural polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms. This study aims to examine the effect of the amount of plasticizer on the length of the degradation process and the effect of using microwaves on the length of time for molding biodegradable plastic. This biodegradable plastic is made by combining durian seed starch, shrimp chitosan and plasticizers in the form of glycerol and polyglycerol with volume variations of 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL, 4 mL, and 5 mL. This polymerization was carried out using a microwave with a power of 100 watts for 60 minutes. The resulting biodegradable plastics were characterized using the FTIR test, the Mechanical Properties test, the Absorbency test, and the Biodegradation test to determine the quality of the biodegradable plastic. The results of this study indicate the greatest tensile strength value is 1.9768 MPa, the largest elongation value is 21.2772%, the smallest water absorption is 45.40% for 5 minutes, and the largest degraded mass is 0.908 grams for 7 days. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of polyglycerol can accelerate the plastic degradation process. In addition, the use of microwaves can speed up the molding time of biodegradable plastics.

scholarly journals Physical Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Plastics from Cassava Starch with Variation of Bagasse and Glycerol.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Triana Lindriati ◽  
Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto ◽  
Bustani Pakartiko ◽  
Firda Ainia Adha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
A Value ◽  
Value Range

Environmental problems are related to plastic waste that difficult to degrade naturally. Polysaccharides in the form of gelatinized cassava starch and bagasse containing 52.70% cellulose can replace commercial plastic polymers. This research was aimed to determine the effect of variations in bagasse and glycerol on physical, mechanical and biodegradation tests. The study used 2 factors CRD consisting of the addition of bagasse and glycerol. The results showed that the addition of bagasse and glycerol reducing the brightness with a value range of 44.82-76.15 and increased absorption between 2.61-10.64%. The thickness occurred between 0.79-1.11mm. The tensile strength values are 8.30-14.33 MPa, inversely proportional to the elongation value between 11.85-94.22%, but directly proportional to the modulus young value between 0.09-1.24 MPa. The highest biodegradation values were 0% bagasse and 40% glycerol. The three best treatments were found in the combination treatment of bagasse and glycerol 0% 20%, 0% 30%, and 0% 40%.

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