scholarly journals Physical Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Plastics from Cassava Starch with Variation of Bagasse and Glycerol.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Triana Lindriati ◽  
Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto ◽  
Bustani Pakartiko ◽  
Firda Ainia Adha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
A Value ◽  
Value Range

Environmental problems are related to plastic waste that difficult to degrade naturally. Polysaccharides in the form of gelatinized cassava starch and bagasse containing 52.70% cellulose can replace commercial plastic polymers. This research was aimed to determine the effect of variations in bagasse and glycerol on physical, mechanical and biodegradation tests. The study used 2 factors CRD consisting of the addition of bagasse and glycerol. The results showed that the addition of bagasse and glycerol reducing the brightness with a value range of 44.82-76.15 and increased absorption between 2.61-10.64%. The thickness occurred between 0.79-1.11mm. The tensile strength values are 8.30-14.33 MPa, inversely proportional to the elongation value between 11.85-94.22%, but directly proportional to the modulus young value between 0.09-1.24 MPa. The highest biodegradation values were 0% bagasse and 40% glycerol. The three best treatments were found in the combination treatment of bagasse and glycerol 0% 20%, 0% 30%, and 0% 40%.

Preparation and Properties of Sponge Rubber Based on Natural Rubber and Cassava Starch

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Komsun Temna ◽  
Nitinart Saetung ◽  
Anuwat Saetung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cure Characteristic

In this work, the sponge rubbers based on cassava starch masterbatch in latex phase with the difference technique (non-gelatinized and gelatinized cassava starch) were preformed. The cassava starch contents from 0 to 70 phr were also studied. The cure characteristic, mechanical and morphological properties were investigated. It was found that the scorch time and cure time were increased with an increasing of cassava starch contents in both techniques. The mechanical properties i.e., tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength were decreased with an increasing of cassava starch contents, except 500% modulus. However, the sponge based on gelatinized technique gave the better mechanical properties than that of non-gelatinized cassava starch. The SEM micrographs of sponge NR from gelatinized technique were also able to confirm a good interfacial interaction between hydrophilic cassava starch and hydrophobic NR.

scholarly journals Physico-mechanical and water absorption properties of LDPE/cassava starch film

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Junaidah Jai ◽  
Siti Fatma Abd Karim ◽  
Nurul Asyikin Md Zaki ◽  
Rabiatul Adawiyah Abdol Aziz ◽  
Farhana Wahet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Degradable Plastic

Plastic waste is a global crisis, and Malaysia is the 8th worst country worldwide for plastic waste. With this trend, growing market demands for green product have imposed pressure on industries to find an alternative to petroleum-based plastic. Degradable plastic is introduced to overcome this limitation. The present work investigates degradable plastic film of low-density polyethylene incorporated with cassava starch (LDPE-CS). The compounding of the LDPE-CS was prepared via pre-mixing, blending, resin crushing, and film hot pressing. Film thickness, tensile strength, elongation, water absorption, and field test were conducted on the LDPE-CS and commercial LDPE (control). Experimental data of LDPE-CS and commercial LDPE films were evaluated and compared. Thickness of LDPE-CS film was 0.18 mm which was 51% thicker than the control film. Tensile strength and elongation of the LDPE-CS were 7.04 MPa and 5.39%, while control film was 12.77 MPa and 921.5%, respectively. The tensile strength and elongation of the LDPE-SC were significantly lower than the control film, which may be due to the weak interface between LDPE and starch. The water absorption test revealed that the LDPE-CS film absorbed water by 4.8%, which indicates its degradability in the water. The field test shows that the LDPE-CS is biodegradable and comparable with the commercial plant polybag in terms of its capability in planting. 

scholarly journals Effect of Recycled Plastic in Mortar and Concrete and the Application of Gamma Irradiation - A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 05027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyu Usman ◽  
Muslich Hartadi Sutanto ◽  
Madzlan Napiah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Recycled Waste

The utilization of a large amount of waste in concrete production is considered the best alternative for solving the issues associated with improper disposal. Plastic waste is considered as one of such waste and could be utilized in several applications. The drawback associated with the utilization of a large amount of plastic waste is the decrease in the mechanical properties of the mortar or concrete as the case may be. This paper presents a detailed review about waste recycled plastics and research published on the effect of non-irradiated recycled plastic on the mechanical properties of cement mortar and cement concretes as either fillers or aggregates and the application of gamma radiation on the recycled plastic waste. The effect of recycled waste plastic on compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength is discussed in this paper.

The Preparation and Properties of Rice Straw/Starch Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 1129-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Jun Liu ◽  
Chun Xia He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Based on energy saving, environmental protection and use of agricultural residues, rice straw/starch composites were manufactured using molding method. The influence of manufacturing parameters (time, pressure and temperature) on flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and tensile strength of the composites had been studied. The microstructure of fractured surfaces was further observed. Results showed that when the manufacturing parameters are: time of 47min, pressure of 19MPa and temperature of 156°C, the composites have higher mechanical properties. The mechanical properties increase with increasing of pressure. The interface, soakage and compatibility of cassava starch and straw are better, starch content is 16%, and straw/cassava starch composites have higher mechanical properties.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI BIOPLASTIK DARI RUMPUT LAUT (EUCHEUMA COTTONII) DAN PATI SINGKONG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PATI BIJI ALPUKAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Gracia Ramadhani Putri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii ◽  
Main Material

The increasing use of plastics in everyday life results in environmental pollution. Synthetic plastic isdifficult to be degraded in nature, so we need the main material for making environmentally friendlyplastics. This research was conducted to synthesize seaweed-based biodegradable plastic (Eucheumacottonii) mixed with cassava starch and polysaccharides derived from various tropical fruit seeds thatare widely available in Indonesia such as avocado and durian with a composition ratio of 3:8:1.Characterization carried out included functional group analysis with FTIR, mechanical properties(tensile strength) and biodegradability.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PLASTICIER GLISEROL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDROGEL KITOSAN-GLUTARALDEHID UNTUK APLIKASI PENUTUP LUKA

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djony Izak Rudyardjo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
A Value ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Solution ◽  
Hydrogel Surface

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PLASTICIER GLISEROL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDROGEL KITOSAN-GLUTARALDEHID UNTUK APLIKASI PENUTUP LUKA ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan plasticizer gliserol terhadap karakteristik hidrogel kitosan-glutaraldehid untuk aplikasi penutup luka. Penambahan gliserol bertujuan agar hidrogel kitosan-glutaraldehid lebih fleksibel dan memiliki sifat mekanik yang baik sehingga dapat diaplikasikan sebagai penutup luka sesuai dengan standar yang ada. Pembuatan hidrogel dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan kitosan yang dilarutkan dalam 1% asam asetat dengan 1% larutan glutaraldehid pada perbandingan 50 : 3 (v/v) dan ditambahkan gliserol dengan variasi volume 1 ml – 4 ml. Konsentrasi gliserol yang digunakan tidak lebih dari 2%. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, penambahan gliserol menyebabkan ketebalan, kuat tarik, dan kemampuan mengabsorbsi cairan hidrogel menurun; elongasi dan ketahanan terhadap air  hidrogel meningkat; serta struktur hidrogel menjadi lebih halus. Berdasarkan hasil uji sifat mekanik, hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh hidrogel kitosan-glutaraldehid-gliserol dengan penambahan gliserol 2% sebanyak 2 ml, yang memiliki nilai kuat tarik sebesar 14,34 ± 1,90 MPa dan elongasi sebesar 2,40 ± 0,91% yang memenuhi standar sifat mekanik kulit manusia. Struktur permukaan hidrogel tersebut halus, homogen, memiliki ketahanan terhadap air sebesar 24,78 ± 6,57% serta mampu mengabsorbsi cairan lebih dari 99,9% yaitu sebesar 149,65 ± 22,46% yang merupakan karakteristik penting hidrogel. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hidrogel kitosan-glutaraldehid-gliserol dengan penambahan gliserol 2% sebanyak 2 ml dapat diaplikasikan sebagai penutup luka. Kata kunci: Glutaraldehid, Gliserol, Hidrogel, Kitosan, Penutup Luka, Plasticizer   THE EFFECT OF ADDITION GLYCEROL AS PLASTICIER TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CHITOSAN-GLUTARALDEHYDE HIDROGEL FOR WOUND DRESSING APPLICATION ABSTRACT The research had been done to determine the effect of addition glycerol as plasticizer to the characteristics of chitosan-glutaraldehyde hydrogel for wound dressing application. The addition of glycerol was served to increase flexibility and improve the mechanical properties of chitosan-glutaraldehyde hydrogel that can be applied as a wound dressing accordance with existing standards. Preparation of hydrogel was made by mixing chitosan dissolved in 1% acetic acid with 1% glutaraldehyde solution with ratio 50 : 3 (v/v) and added by glycerol with variation of 1 ml - 4 ml. The glycerol concentration used no more than 2%. Based on the research that had been done, the addition of glycerol caused thickness, tensile strength, and the absorption ability of hydrogel was decreased; elongation and water resistance of hydrogel increased; and the surface structure of hydrogel is more smooth. Based on the result of mechanical properties, the best characteristics of chitosan-glutaraldehyde-glycerol hydrogel is shown with the addition of 2 ml glycerol 2% composition which has a value of tensile strength of 14,34 ± 1,90 MPa and elongation at 2,40 ± 0,91 % that meet the standards of the mechanical properties of human skin. The structure of that hydrogel surface is smooth, homogeneous, has a water resistance of 24,78 ± 6,57%, and is able to absorb liquid more than 99,9% in the amount of 149,65 ± 22,46 % which is an important characteristic of the hydrogel. So, the chitosan-glutaraldehyde-glycerol hydrogel with the addition of 2 ml glycerol 2% can be applied as a wound dressing. Keywords : Chitosan, Glutaraldehyde, Glyserol, Hydrogel, Plasticizer, Wound Dressing

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF CNT (CARBON NANOTUBE) ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOPLASTIC MADE FROM CASSAVA STARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Masitoh Mangsur ◽  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah ◽  
Rahmat Firman Septiyanto ◽  
Yus Rama Denny Muchtar ◽  
Isriyanti Affifah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Press

Bioplastics are starch-based polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms, so they can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional plastics. In this research, bioplastics made from cassava starch was made using glycerol as plasticizer and used MWCNTs (Multi-Wall CNTs) type CNT as reinforcement with variations in the composition of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Bioplastics are made with a dry method (dry blending) with stages of pre-mixing, mixing, hot press and cold press. Characteristics of bioplastic starch/CNT include tensile strength, biodegradation and morphological. The test results show that the addition of CNT composition affects the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The optimum value of tensile strength occurred in the addition of 2% CNT at 13.52 MPa. Biodegradable test results using the Aspergillus niger mushroom prove that bioplastic starch/CNT can be degraded well. The results of morphological characteristics in the form of SEM results showed that 3% bioplastic starch / CNT had cracks and resulted in decreased tensile strength. FTIR test results indicate the presence of a new functional group C≡C because of the addition of CNT.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI KOMPOSIT POLIURETAN DENGAN PENGISI (FILLER) MIKRO KARBON AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Pada Mulia Raja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
A Value

Polyurethane is a type of polymer made by reacting polyol (OH) groups with isocyanate (NCO) groups. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of a mixture of polyol and toluene sources as well as by adding the composition of activated carbon of palm shell as a filler to determine the best results. The materials used in making composites are PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent DiIsocyanate) and Palm Oil Shell Activated Carbon. Palm shells are carbonated at 600 ◦C, then made into powder using a ball mill and then sieved with 110 mesh particle sieve and activated using 10% H2SO4. Furthermore Polyurethanes are made by mixing, PPG (Polypropylene Glycol), TDI (Toluent in Isocyanate) with a ratio of 60%: 40% and then added the activated carbon of palm oil shell as a filler with polyurethane: 95% active carbon (P1), 90 %: 10% (P2), 80%; 20% (P3), and 75%: 25% (P4), then the functional group (FT-IR) and mechanical properties testing consisted of tensile strength and elasticity values. The results of the characterization of amine (NH), methyl groups (C-H3), Acetyl groups (CN), carbonyl groups (C = O), isocyanate groups (N = C = O), and Aromatic Rings (C = C) . This can be concluded after the addition of activated carbon palm shell does not cause chemical reactions in the functional group. While the results of the characterization of the tensile strength of P0 to P1 with a value of 0.1966 MPa to 0.0317 MPa, then increased in the composition of 90 P2, P3, and P4 with values of 0.0985 MPa, 0.2318 MPa, 0.2981MPa, and finally occurred decrease again in the composition of P5. While the highest elasticity value on composites with a ratio of P4 is 0.05196 MPa, while the lowest elasticity value on the composition of P5 with a value of 0.0475 MPa.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of a biodegradable color concentrate in bags for coffee seedlings

DYNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (212) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Pedro Alban Bolaños ◽  
Amanda Parra Campos ◽  
Hector Samuel Villada Castillo ◽  
Hugo Portela Guarín ◽  
German Antonio Arboleda Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Influence Of Water

The aim of this study was to evaluate different formulations of a biodegradable black concentrate obtained from cassava starch and carbon black, on the mechanical properties, color, and water absorption of a film destined to the production of biodegradable bags for coffee seedlings. The modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and elongation properties is found to show significant variation due to the pigment, plasticizer, and lubricant concentration, both longitudinally and transversely of the film, the treatment being 40% pigment with the absence of plasticizer and lubricant for the pigment, which presented greater integrity in the mechanical properties evaluated in both directions. It is also noticeable that the different masterbatch formulations had an influence on the changes in the color parameters and weight gain of the film by the influence of water absorption.

scholarly journals The Effects of Pressure During the Crystallization on Properties of the AlSi12 Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pastirčák ◽  
J. Ščury ◽  
J. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Squeeze Casting ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper deals with the impact of technological parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure in AlSi12 alloy using squeeze casting technology. The casting with crystallization under pressure was used, specifically direct squeeze casting method. The goal was to affect crystallization by pressure with a value 100 and 150 MPa. From the experiments we can conclude that operating pressure of 100 MPa is sufficient to influence the structural characteristics of the alloy AlSi12. The change in cooling rate influences the morphology of the silicon particles and intermetallic phases. A change of excluded needles to a rod-shaped geometries with significantly shorter length occurs when used gravity casting method. At a pressure of 100 MPa was increased of tensile strength on average of 20%. At a pressure of 150 MPa was increased of tensile strength on average of 30%. During the experiment it was also observed, that increasing difference between the casting temperature and the mold temperature leads to increase of mechanical properties.

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