scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI MULTI TAHAP KURKUMIN DARI KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica Valet) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ETANOL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajian Sobri Rezki ◽  
Dwimas Anggoro ◽  
Siswarni MZ
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Yellow Crystal ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Curcumin is a pigment in Curcuma domestica Valet, which has an orange-yellow crystal appearance, and commonly being used as a colouring agent. Extraction method which is used in extracting curcumin from Curcuma domestica Valet is one stage extraction. This research studied a multi stages extraction of curcumin from Curcuma domestica Valet. The purposes of this research is to find the best condition in extracting curcumin using multi stages extraction method, to increase the efficiency rate in curcumin extraction. This research used ethanol as a solvent, and effect from variables such as extraction time, solvent concentration, and number of extraction stages are observed. Extraction times are 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes. Variations of ethanol concentration are 50%, 70%, and 96%. Stage numbers of extraction are two stages extraction and three stages extraction. Extracts of curcumin are examined with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The best condition of multi stages curcumin extraction is determined based on yield and content of curcumin. The maximum yield obtained in this study was 12% with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and two stages extraction. The highest content of curcumin obtained is 16% with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and three stages extraction. Content means a fraction of yield. These results show that increase in extraction time, solvent concentration, and stage numbers of extraction  will increase the yield and content of curcumin extracted from Curcuma domestica Valet.

scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI MULTI TAHAP KURKUMIN DARI TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ETANOL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwimas Anggoro ◽  
Rajian Sobri Rezki ◽  
Siswarni MZ
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Yellow Crystal ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Curcumin is a pigment in turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.), which has an orange-yellow crystal appearance, and commonly being used as a colouring agent. Extraction method which is used in extracting curcumin from turmeric is one stage extraction. This research will study a multi stage extraction of curcumin from turmeric. The purposes of this research is to find the best condition in extracting curcumin using multi stages extraction method to increase the efficiency rate in curcumin extraction. This research used ethanol as a solvent, and effect from variables such as extraction time, solvent concentration, and number of extraction stages are observed. Extraction times are 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes. Variations of ethanol concentration are 50%, 70%, and 96%. Stage numbers of extraction are two stages extraction and three stages extraction. Extracts of curcumin are examined with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The best condition of multi stages curcumin extraction is determined based on yield and content of curcumin. The maximum yield obtained in this study was 16,35 % with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and three stages extraction. The highest content of curcumin obtained is 2,617% with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and three stages extraction. Content means a fraction of yield. These results show that increase in the extraction time, the solvent concentration and the stage numbers of extraction will increase the yield and content of curcumin.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK SENYAWA BIOAKTIF EKSTRAK SELADA LAUT (Ulva lactuca L.) PADA KONSENTRASI PELARUT ETANOL DAN LAMA EKSTRAKSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Dina Yunita ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati ◽  
Lutfi Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Interaction Treatment

Ulva lactuca  L. is a type of Chloro   phyta or green algae. Ulva lactuca  L. contains many chemical compounds that are useful to be developed. This study were determine the effect of ethanol solvent concentration and duration of extraction on the characteristics of extract bioactive compounds. This study used Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 2 factors as treatment. Factor I is the concentration of ethanol solvent which consists of 3 levels there are 70%, 80% and 90%. Factor II is the length of extraction consisting of 4 levels there are 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours. The results showed that ethanol solvent concentration and extraction time were very influential on total phenolic content of sea lettuce extract. While the interaction treatment of ethanol concentration and extraction time greatly affect the levels of vitamin C and ?-tocopherol levels. Ethanol concentration of 90% and 5 hours extraction time resulted in the best extract of Ulva lactuca  L. with characteristics of vitamin C content of 35.64 mg / 100g., Total phenolic 694.57 mg GAE / 100 g, and ?-tocop herol content of 308.54 mg / 100g. Keywords : Ulva lactuca  L, solvent concentration, extraction time, vitamin C, phenolic ?-tokoferol

scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ultrahigh Pressure Extraction of Baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaodi Ma ◽  
Qibin Cheng ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Liwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Pressure Extraction

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), promising green solvents, and ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE) as an effective auxiliary extraction method, have attracted wide attention. In this study, DES was coupled with UPE to efficiently extract baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. First, choline chloride: lactic acid (ChCl-LA, molar ratio 1:1) was selected as the most appropriate DES by comparing the extraction yield of different DESs. Second, the extraction protocol was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) considering the impacts of ChCl-LA concentration, extraction pressure, extraction time and liquid-solid ratio on the extraction yield. Under the optimal condition (40 vol% water content, extraction pressure of 400 MPa, extraction time of 4 min and a liquid-solid ratio of 110 mL/g), a maximum yield of 116.8 mg/g was achieved, higher than that obtained by the traditional extraction method. The microstructure of the raw and extracted Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi samples according to scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed that the dissolution of chemical components was enhanced from the disrupted root tissues after DESs-UPE. DESs coupled with UPE could effectively extract the baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi as a rapid and efficient extraction method.

Optimization of Ultrahigh Pressure Extraction of Momordicosides from Bitter Melon

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfang Ji ◽  
Lingwen Zhang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Mingduo Yang ◽  
Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Hplc Profile ◽  
Pressure Extraction ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Sample Ratio

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the conditions of ultrahigh pressure extraction of momordicosides from fresh fruits of bitter melon. The effect of extraction pressure, extraction time, ethanol concentration and solvent to sample ratio, and their interactions on yield of total momordicosides was investigated. Results showed that data could be well fitted to a second-order polynomial model. The independent parameters of extraction pressure, extraction time, solvent to sample ratio, all quadratics as well as the interactions between extraction pressure and solvent to sample ratio affected the yield significantly (p < 0.05). The model predicted that the optimal conditions were 423.1 MPa, extraction time 7.0 min, ethanol concentration 70.0 percent (V/V) and solvent to sample ratio 45.3 : 1 mL/g, and under such conditions, the maximum yield of 3.270 g Rg1 equivalents /100 g bitter melon dry weight could be achieved. In comparison with conventional heat reflux extraction, ultrahigh pressure extraction is more efficient and rapid to extract momordicosides from bitter melon. Additionally, the momordicosides compositions in extracts by both the methods were similar, which were investigated by using HPLC profile.

scholarly journals Identification and extraction method of quercetin from flesh and skin of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) cultivated in Soc Trang province, Vietnam

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-365
Author(s):  
N.M. Thuy ◽  
N.T.M. Thuy ◽  
N.P. Cuong ◽  
L.T.N. Huyen ◽  
N.P. Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Skin Sample ◽  
Quercetin Derivatives ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Quercetin is a bioactive compound that has many beneficial effects on human health. Due to a lack of information about quercetin and quercetin derivatives in the Vietnam shallot, this work aimed to identify the quercetin family in shallot skin and flesh by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Effect of extraction method (conventional solvent extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction), including ethanol concentration (40–80%) and extraction time (15 to 60 mins) on the yield of quercetin were also investigated in this study. Quercetin, quercetin-glucoside and methylated-quercetin-hexose were commonly found in the extract of shallot flesh and skin. A very small amount of quercetin aglycone (0.7%) was found in flesh extract, while it was the most abundant in the skin sample (46.3%). The high content of quercetin-mono-glycoside was obtained in shallot extract (43.8% and 35.3% in the shallot flesh and skin, respectively). The flesh extract also contained high level of quercetin-di-glucoside (38.9%). About 14-16% of methylatedquercetin (-glucoside) were found in shallot bulb (both skin and flesh). It was found that ethanol concentration and extraction time directly affected on the quercetin extraction yield. The highest quercetin content was obtained in the sample which was extracted in 60% ethanol in combination with ultrasound-assisted extraction for 15 to 45 mins. The ultrasound-assisted extraction method improved quercetin yield by 13.38-15.64% and 49.46-56.88% for shallot skin and flesh compared to conventional solvent extraction. This study proved that ultrasound-assisted extraction could successfully be used for extraction of quercetin from shallot (both skin and flesh).

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Lavandula stoechas L.: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yassine Ez zoubi ◽  
Mouhcine Fadil ◽  
Dalila Bousta ◽  
Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami ◽  
Mohammed Lachkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas

Secondary plant metabolites, in particular phenolic compounds, are characterized by great diversity in the plant kingdom and are widely used in the medical and industrial fields. The extraction of these compounds represents a critical step, and the differences in extraction conditions strongly affect the yields and the total concentrations of polyphenols in the extracts. In this way, the objective of the present study was to optimize the extraction parameters of the polyphenols from Lavandula stoechas using the extraction technique assisted by ultrasound. Yield and the total concentration of polyphenols have been optimized, taking into account three variables, the extraction time (min), the ethanol concentration (%), and the solvent/extract ratio (ml/g). The optimum extraction yield (31.88%) was obtained by ensuring the following parameters: an ethanol concentration of 40%, a liquid/solid ratio of 30 ml/g, and a time processing of 32.62 min. The maximum concentration of total polyphenols (190.14 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g) was obtained after 21.5 min of extraction, with a liquid/solid ratio of 30 ml/g and a concentration of ethanol at 40%. In order to obtain the maximum yield (24.9%) and the total concentration of polyphenols (190.14 mg GAE/g) simultaneously, the following parameters must be adjusted: an extraction time of 21.5 min, a liquid/solid ratio of 30 ml/g, and a concentration of ethanol at 40%. The experimental values of the yield and the total concentration of the polyphenols were in good agreement with the predicted values, which suggests that the ultrasonic extraction model adopted in this study is validated.

Formation of Dislocation Channels in Neutron Irradiated Molybdenum

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Polycrystalline Molybdenum

The evolution of dislocation channels in irradiated metals during deformation can be envisaged to occur in three stages: (i) formation of embryonic cluster free regions, (ii) growth of these regions into microscopically observable channels and (iii) termination of their growth due to the accumulation of dislocation damage. The first two stages are particularly intriguing, and we have attempted to follow the early stages of channel formation in polycrystalline molybdenum, irradiated to 5×1019 n. cm−2 (E > 1 Mev) at the reactor ambient temperature (∼ 60°C), using transmission electron microscopy. The irradiated samples were strained, at room temperature, up to the macroscopic yield point.Figure 1 illustrates the early stages of channel formation. The observations suggest that the cluster free regions, such as A, B and C, form in isolated packets, which could subsequently link-up to evolve a channel.

scholarly journals Optimization of Betalain Pigments Extraction Using Beetroot by-Products as a Valuable Source

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Silvia Lazăr (Mistrianu) ◽  
Oana Emilia Constantin ◽  
Nicoleta Stănciuc ◽  
Iuliana Aprodu ◽  
Constantin Croitoru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Citric Acid Concentration ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Optimized Conditions

(1) Background: This study is designed to extract the bioactive compounds from beetroot peel for future use in the food industry. (2) Methods: Spectrophotometry techniques analyzed the effect of conventional solvent extraction on betalains and polyphenolic compounds from beetroot peels. Several treatments by varying for factors (ethanol and citric acid concentration, temperature, and time) were applied to the beetroot peel samples. A Central Composite Design (CCD) has been used to investigate the effect of the extraction parameters on the extraction steps and optimize the betalains and total polyphenols extraction from beetroot. A quadratic model was suggested for all the parameters analyzed and used. (3) Results: The maximum and minimum variables investigated in the experimental plan in the coded form are citric acid concentration (0.10–1.5%), ethanol concentration (10–50%), operating temperature (20–60 °C), and extraction time (15–50 min). The experimental design revealed variation in betalain content ranging from 0.29 to 1.44 mg/g DW, and the yield of polyphenolic varied from 1.64 to 2.74 mg/g DW. The optimized conditions for the maximum recovery of betalains and phenols were citric acid concentration 1.5%, ethanol concentration 50%, temperature 52.52 °C, and extraction time 49.9 min. (4) Conclusions: Overall, it can be noted that the extraction process can be improved by adjusting operating variables in order to maximize the model responses.

scholarly journals Skin-Whitening and Anti-Wrinkle Effects of Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Peanut Shell Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1231
Author(s):  
Da Hye Gam ◽  
Ji Woo Hong ◽  
Jun Hee Kim ◽  
Jin Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Experimental Values

Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions for simultaneous optimization of dependent variables, including DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI), and collagenase activity inhibition (CAI) of peanut shell extracts. The effects of the main variables including extraction time (5.0~55.0 min, X1), extraction temperature (26.0~94.0 °C, X2), and ethanol concentration (0.0%~99.5%, X3) were optimized. Based on experimental values from each condition, quadratic regression models were derived for the prediction of optimum conditions. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the independent variable was in the range of 0.89~0.96, which demonstrates that the regression model is suitable for the prediction. In predicting optimal UAE conditions based on the superimposing method, extraction time of 31.2 min, extraction temperature of 36.6 °C, and ethanol concentration of 93.2% were identified. Under these conditions, RSA of 74.9%, TAI of 50.6%, and CAI of 86.8% were predicted, showing good agreement with the experimental values. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that peanut shell extract decreased mRNA levels of tyrosinase-related protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 genes in B16-F0 cell. Therefore, we identified the skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects of peanut shell extracts at protein as well as gene expression levels, and the results show that peanut shell is an effective cosmetic material for skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects. Based on this study, peanut shell, which was considered a byproduct, can be used for the development of healthy foods, medicines, and cosmetics.

scholarly journals Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phlorotannin From Sargassum swartzii (Turn.) C. Ag. With Ethanol/Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199618
Author(s):  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Tran Duy Phong ◽  
Dam Duc Tien ◽  
Nguyen Manh Linh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Mai Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Sargassum Swartzii

Sargassum is a genus of brown macroalgae in the class Phaeophyta, distributed widely in all oceans, including those of Vietnam. Species of this genus have been proven to possess diverse biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory, along with many benefits and applications for human health, including anti-diabetic, obesity, and thrombosis. These benefits arise from a diverse chemical composition, with compounds such as fucoidan, mannitol, and especially phlorotannin—a group of phenolic derivatives found predominantly in brown algae. In this study, we evaluated and optimized the factors that affected the extraction process of phlorotannins from Sargassum swartzii (Turn.) C. Ag., a common species of brown macroalgae in Vietnam. The process utilized ethanol and water as the solvent system, and the extraction process was assisted with the use of microwaves. To carry out optimization studies, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was adopted according to a Central Composite Desisgn (CCD), taking four processing factors into consideration, ethanol concentration (%, v/v), extraction time (minutes), solvent/material ratio (v/w), and microwave output power (W) as independent variables. Phlorotannin concentration (mgPhE/g) and extract mass (mg) were regarded as optimization outcomes. Experimental conditions that produced the highest phlorotannin yield from 10 g of S. swartzii are as follows: Extraction time of 65 minutes, ethanol concentration of 52%, microwave output power of 613 W, and solvent/material ratio of 33/1 (v/w). These conditions corresponded to a phlorotannin concentration of 5.59 ± 0.11 mg PhE/g, and a total extract content of 27.88 ± 0.13 mg/g.

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