scholarly journals Prevalensi Nematoda Usus Golongan Sth (Soil Transmitted Helminth) Pada Masyarakat Yang Menggunakan Kotoran Sapi Di Dusun Sade Sebagai Bahan Pembersih Lantai

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Erna Kristinawati ◽  
Yudha Jiwantoro
Keyword(s):  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Hook Worm

Latar Belakang: Masalah kesehatan penduduk di Indonesia masih di tandai dengan tingginya penyakit-penyakit yang berkaitan dengan rendahnya tingkat sosial ekonomi penduduk. Salah satu penyakit yang insidennya masih tinggi adalah infeksi cacing. Di Indonesia kecacingan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat terbanyak setelah malnutrisi, karna Indonesia adalah negara yang agraris dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi, pengetahuan, keadaan sanitasi lingkungan dan higiene masyarakat masih rendah yang sangat menyokong untuk terjadinya infeksi dan penularan cacing. Tujuan: penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Prevalensi Nematoda usus golongan STH pada masyarakat yang menggunakan kotoran sapi di Dusun Sade. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional deskriptif. Sampel berjumlah 48 orang masyarakat yang menggunakan kotoran sapi sebagai pembersih lantai di dusun Sade, Desa Rembitan, Kecamatan Pujut, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Pemeriksaan kecacingan pada jari-jari tangan dilakukan dengan bilasan menggunakan NaOH, pemeriksaan pada feses menggunakan metode Kato Katz. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan positif pada Nematoda Usus Golongan STH pada masyarakat di Dusun Sade yang menggunakan Kotoran Sapi sebagai bahan pembersih Lantai yaitu: Trichuris Trichiura (4,17%) dan hook worm (10,42%). Kesimpulan: Prevalensi Nematoda Usus golongan STH pada masyarakat Dusun Sade sebesar 14,59%.

The reliability of the current diagnostic methods for the identification of helminth eggs

Parasitology ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shooji Moriya
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Faecal Examination ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hook Worm ◽  
Concentration Methods

1. On the assumption that the limit of significant difference is 1%, it is necessary, when concentration methods are not used, to repeat the faecal examination 3 times for the egg of Ascaris lumbricoides, 7 times for hook worm and 11 times for Trichuris trichiura in order to obtain the diagnostic results obtained by the acid-ether concentration technique using 3 g. of faeces.2. The coefficient of the identification by a single smear examination is 83·3% for eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, 46·5% for hook-worm eggs and 33·6% for eggs of Trichuris trichiura.

EPIDEMIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND PREVALENCE OF SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS FROM KOSHI REGION OF NORTH BIHAR.

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LAKSHMI CHOUDHARY ◽  
PRABHAWATI PRABHAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Prevalence of soil transmitted helminthes infections in apparently healthy school going children and other 528 people of different districts of Koshi regions of North Bihar were evaluated. Over all incidences of STHs infection was 39.39% during study. High incidence of STH was seen in the rainy season i.e., in the month of July and August, September, significantly higher (P<0.05) .The incidence of Ascaris lumbricoides was highest in the month of August (18.64%). The month of September was 15.25% followed by that of July (14.4%) and October with 10.16%. Also the incidence of hookworm registered the highest incidence in the month of June (19.27%) and lowest in the month of December (4.82%) during the study period. However prevalence of Trichuris trichiura was negligible and it was almost nil in the most of the months but was highest in month of September with 28.57% and lowest in October with 14.00% The climatic factors are responsible for soil transmitted helminthes which are temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Ancyclostomiasis (Hookworm infection) are found to be endemic in this region.

scholarly journals Correction to: Trichuris trichiura isolated from Macaca sylvanus: morphological, biometrical, and molecular study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Rivero ◽  
Ángela María García-Sánchez ◽  
Antonio Zurita ◽  
Cristina Cutillas ◽  
Rocío Callejón
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Study ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Macaca Sylvanus

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Avaliação da contaminação experimental de areias de praias por enteroparasitas: pesquisa de ovos de Helmintos

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Pereira da Silva ◽  
Mauro Célio de A. Marzochi ◽  
Elisabeth Cardoso Leal dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura

Procurou-se avaliar métodos e soluções tradicionalmente utilizados na evidenciação de ovos de helmintos parásitos, de fezes ou do solo, em amostras de areia de praia experimentalmente contaminadas com ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Toxocara canis e Ancylostoma sp. Das soluções classicamente utilizadas, a de Dicromato de Sódio (d= 1,350) foi a que apresentou melhores resultados (índice de recuperação = 50%) para ovos de Ascaris, em 24 horas de observação. As duas soluções propostas: Carbonato de Sódio (d= 1,040) e Detergente aniônico sintético - Sulfonato de Sódio (d= 1,040), apresentaram índices de recuperação surpreendentes, superiores a 80% para os ovos de Ascaris, em 24 horas de observação. Conclui-se que o detergente de uso doméstico, pelo seu baixo custo e facilidade de aquisição, pode ser usado na avaliação de rotina da contaminação de areias de praias pelos ovos de enteroparasitos, importantes indicadores de contaminação fecal, necessários a um adequado monitoramento sanitário do meio.

scholarly journals Experiências com o Antihelmíntico BB-04 no tratamento de helmintoses intestinais

1971 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léa Camillo-Coura ◽  
Adelina de S. Velho Soli ◽  
Hugo Americano Brasil ◽  
J. Rodrigues Coura
Keyword(s):  
Trichuris Trichiura

Os autores apresentam os resultados da associação piperazina-tiabendazol-dimetilpolisiloxane no tratamento de infecções por helmintos intestinais. Os resultados vieram confirmar a apreciável eficácia da piperazina e do tiabendazol para o tratamento da ascaridíase e da ancilostomíase nas doses utilizadas. Houve cura de 50% dos 82 casos de ancilostomíase, de 41% dos 72 de ascaridiase e de 26% dos 76 portadores de infecção pelo Trichuris trichiura. Observou-se regressão da sintomatologia na maioria dos casos após instituída a terapêutica, especialmente dor abdominal, diarréia e obstipação. A tolerância ao medicamento foi considerada boa.

scholarly journals Molecular archaeoparasitology identifies cultural changes in the Medieval Hanseatic trading centre of Lübeck

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1888) ◽  
pp. 20180991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik G. Flammer ◽  
Simon Dellicour ◽  
Stephen G. Preston ◽  
Dirk Rieger ◽  
Sylvia Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Taenia Saginata ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Latum ◽  
Sample Set

Throughout history, humans have been afflicted by parasitic worms, and eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits. This study integrated parasitological and ancient DNA methods with a large sample set dating between Neolithic and Early Modern periods to explore the utility of molecular archaeoparasitology as a new approach to study the past. Molecular analyses provided unequivocal species-level parasite identification and revealed location-specific epidemiological signatures. Faecal–oral transmitted nematodes ( Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura ) were ubiquitous across time and space. By contrast, high numbers of food-associated cestodes ( Diphyllobothrium latum and Taenia saginata ) were restricted to medieval Lübeck. The presence of these cestodes and changes in their prevalence at approximately 1300 CE indicate substantial alterations in diet or parasite availability. Trichuris trichiura ITS-1 sequences grouped into two clades; one ubiquitous and one restricted to medieval Lübeck and Bristol. The high sequence diversity of T.t .ITS-1 detected in Lübeck is consistent with its importance as a Hanseatic trading centre. Collectively, these results introduce molecular archaeoparasitology as an artefact-independent source of historical evidence.

scholarly journals Um estudo sôbre a eosinofilia nas helmintoses

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Gomes de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale

1 - Foram examinadas as fezes de 2.666 indivíduos, operários e funcionários de duas Emprésas industriais, situadas, uma na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e outra no Estado do Rio (Brasil); 2 - Dos 2.666 indivíduos, 1941 (72.80%) estavam parasitados por um ou mais helmintos e 725 (27,20%) tinham seus exames de fezes negativos; 3 - De cada um dos 2.666 indivíduos foi feito um hemograma completo, tendo sido aproveitada a taxa de eosinófilos que, em associação com os exames de fezes, constituiu o objeto principal dêste trabalho. 4 - Na Tabela A observa-se o número de vêzes em que cada um dos vermes foi observado e seus respectivos percentuais. Embora não seja um trabalho de epidemiologia, verifica-se que 46,81% são infestados pelo Trichuris trichiura; 23,85% pelo Strongyloides stercoralis; 22,46% pelo Necator americanus e/ou Ancylostoma duodenale; 20,51% pelo Ascaris lumbricóides; 1,65% pelo Schistosoma mansoni; 0.67% pelo Enterobius vermicularis; 0,26% por Taenia solium ou T. saginata e 0,11% por Hymenolepis nana; 5 - Os exames de fezes foram feitos pelos métodos de Faust (ou de Ritchie), de Willis, de Baermann e de sedimentação; 6 - A eosinofilia anotada foi a relativa ou em seu percentual, sendo considerada hipereosinofilia uma taxa de eosinófilos igual ou superior a 5% (Eo > 5%); 7 - Foram abordados de modo conciso os fatores que provocam oscilações na eosinofilia normal tais como a idade, a raça, as horas do nictêmero, os fatores físicos, o sexo, os fatores químicos e outros; 8 - Tratou-se de modo mais extenso das diferenças entre as hipereosinofilias parasitárias e não parasitárias, tendo sido focalizada a dinâmica da eosinofilia traduzida na curva de Lavier. 9 - A distribuição dos 2.666 casos foi feita pelos diferentes graus de eosinofilia, tendo sido levantados gráficos e traçadas curvas sôbre a distribuição de cada helminto e de suas associações. 10 - Por ser necessário à explanação do assunto, foi criado o "índice eosinofilico", o qual corresponde à relação entre o número de casos de um determinado grupo com Eo > 5% e Eo < 5%. Para o total de casos positivos, ao "índice eosinofílico" denominamos "índice eosinofílico médio" em para o total dos negativos "índice eosinofílico residual"; 11 - Estabelecendo-se o "índice eosinofílico", pode-se ajuizar a capacidade eosinofilogênica de cada helminto isoladamente, bem como a de suas associações; 12 - Atenção especial foi dada aos problemas da existência da hipereosinofilia nos casos com exames coprológicos negativos para helmintos, tendo-se passado em revista vários dos aspectos biológicos que o assunto comporta; 13 - Outra questão de grande importância clínica explanada neste trabalho é a do encontro de casos de parasitismo por vermes, sem hipereosinofilia. O autor, baseado em seus dados e em outros colhidos na literatura sôbre o assunto, discute a fisiopatologia da eosinopoiese nas helmintoses e ojerece uma interpretação para êste fato ainda não defintivamente esclarecido.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of soil-transmitted helminthiasis-infected and uninfected children

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Simarmata ◽  
Tiangsa Sembiring ◽  
Muhammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Moderate Malnutrition

Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in developing countries. Their prevalence is particularly high in rural areas with people of low socioeconomic level. A single or mixed STH infection rarely causes death, but can affect nutritional status, growth, cognitive development and human health, especially in children.Objective To compare the nutritional status of STH-infected and uninfected children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in children from 3 primary schools in the Simpang Empat and Kabanjahe Subdistricts, Karo District, North Sumatera Province. Fecal examinations were done by the Kato-Katz method to diagnose STH infections. Participants of this study consisted of 140 infected children and 141 uninfected children. Nutritional status classification was based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control growth charts. All categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results Of 140 infected children, 8.6% were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17.1% with Trichuris trichiura and 74.3% with mixed infections (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). We found significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also found significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity.Conclusion We find significantly more STH infected children with mild to moderate malnutrition than the uninfected group. We also find significantly more mildly to moderately malnourished children with moderate infection intensity than mild infection intensity. Higher severity of infection is associated with lower nutritional status.

scholarly journals Risk factors of soil transmitted helminth infection among primary school students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
I Gede Gita Sastrawan ◽  
Jordaniel Setiabudi ◽  
Ni Putu Sanjiwani ◽  
Ni Komang Indriyani ◽  
Dewa Ayu Laksemi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated

Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388).  Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar   Abstract   Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students

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