scholarly journals Cuajilote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) Seem.): A Potential Fruit for Ruminant Feed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pérez-Morales ◽  
M.M. Crosby-Galván ◽  
M. Ramírez-Mella ◽  
J.R. Bárcena-Gama, J.R ◽  
O. Hernández-Mendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Live Fence

Objective: to review previous researches about the use of the fruits of the cuajilote tree (Parmentiera aculeata) as ovine feed. Design/Methodology/Approach: this research was conducted, using all the available sources: science articles, conference reports, and books. Results: P. aculeata (cuajilote) is generally used to provide shade, and as live fence, wood or firewood. However, it can also be used as forage. Both the foliage and the fruit have excellent nutritional qualities; additionally, the fruits are available during the dry season and free grazing cattle avidly eat them. Nevertheless, the nutritional value and the ruminal availability of this fruit’s dry matter—during various ripeness stages— are unknown; it is also said to have medicinal properties. Study Limitations and Implications: the cuajilote fruit was used in in vitro tests to remove protozoa from the ruminal fluid of bovines (defanuation); therefore, there are few in vitro researches about the use of cuajilote in a wholemeal diet as animal feed and about its maximum inclusion tolerance in ruminants. Findings/Conclusions: as a result of its nutritional and medicinal benefits, the cuajilote fruit shows great potential as livestock feed. Additionally, it is available all year round, particularly during the dry season, when production expenses increase as a result of the lack of other food sources.

scholarly journals Antifungical and immunomodulatory activities from Caesalpinia pulcherrima extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sérgio da Silva ◽  
Dayane Kelly Dias do Nascimento Santos ◽  
Georon Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Marcela de Araújo Sobral ◽  
Paulo Henrique Oliveira de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Cytokine Stimulation ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a species widely used in folk medicine for various diseases such as fever, infections and mouth ulcers. In addition, scientific studies have reported medicinal properties such as antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate if organic extracts obtained from leaves of C. pulcherrima have medicinal properties. Three organic extracts were obtained (hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) from the leaves collected from the Soxhlet equipment. The characterization was made by GC-MS and UPLC-MS and biological properties as antioxidant (AAT, DPPH, ABTS and lipid peroxidation radicals), antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and immunostimulant (using splenocytes of mice Balb/c) were investigated. Results showed several classes of secondary metabolites, but the ethyl acetate showed more phenols and flavonoids than the other extracts. Extracts showed good results in antioxidant tests, especially the ethyl acetate, but did not show antibacterial activity. The fungal evaluation showed high antifungal properties, especially the hexanic and the ethyl acetate against Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus terreu, Candida krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans strains. Cytotoxicity evaluation showed that under 25 μg/mL are the safety doses that can be used for in vitro tests, besides that, extracts were able to induce cytokine stimulation. These results show that the ethyl acetate extract was the best formulation found in this study to be used against fungal infections, for antioxidant proposes and for promote immunostimulation.

scholarly journals THE TECHNOLOGY INDUCTION FOR PREVENTING LIVESTOCK OF ANIMAL FEED FARMER GROUPS IN DISTRICT OF EAST LAMPUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Sri Ratna Sulistiyanti ◽  
Madi Hartono ◽  
Agung Kusuma Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Content Preservation

AbstractThe common problem of livestock is abundant greenery during the rainy season and shortages in the dry season. The condition is bad for the health and productivity of livestock Preservation of animal feed technology is conducted by a team from Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) of Universitas Lampung, in Toto Mulyo Village, Way Bungur District, East Lampung. The purpose of the processing and preservation of forage feed source of fiber is to utilize forage in the rainy season, maintain the quality of forage, overcome the difficulty of forage in the dry season, improve the quality of forage fiber sources that have low nutrient content. Preservation technique is made silage (to maintain the quality of forage), while to improve the forage quality is done by fermentation and amoniation. The activities were carried out with the design of preserved livestock feeding equipment, training on the use and care of targeted farmer groups (Karya Makmur and Jati Diri 6), group management assistance, the handover of the preserved animal feed technology package, and formed a pilot group. The result of community service is a package of livestock feed preservation technology (silage and ammoniasi).Keywords: ammoniation, livestock feed preservation, fermentation, productivity, silage

Supply Production of Water Spinach Waste as a Supplement and Fermentability Feed Ruminant in Klaten District, Indonesia (Case Study at Dry Season 2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1196-1202
Author(s):  
Himmatul Hasanah ◽  
Joelal Achmadi ◽  
Eko Pangestu ◽  
Ali Agus
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Privately Owned

This study aims to sup determine the utilization of water spinach as a substitute for forage sources, digestibility, and feed degradation. Klaten Regency is one of the producers of water spinach that has the potential to be developed as the center for producing the largest water spinach at the regional level and has a role as one of supporting the needs of ruminant animal feed at regional and regional levels during the dry season. The method used is a survey, sampling technique with stratified random sampling. The conclusion of the results of this study is the total supply of the use of water spinach reached the level of 20% resulting in higher total gas production, although it did not show a significant difference in VFA digestibility and production in vitro compared to the control. Feed digestibility increased with the addition of water spinach in a feed with a productivity average of 2.05 tons/ha of 3,947 ha of land area. The scheme (chain) of the supply of dried water spinach straw material is 41.25% for privately owned ruminants, and 58.75% is sold to middlemen by being sold to farmers outside the Klaten Regency area.

scholarly journals In Vitro Gas Production Assessment of Ensiled Brachiaria Decumbens with Different Additives as Animal Feed During the Dry Season

2019 ◽  
pp. 695-709
Author(s):  
Binuomote R. T. ◽  
Ojoawo O. T. ◽  
Ojejinmi A. A.
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Corn Residue

Scarcity of forages during the dry season in Nigeria has lingered. This study therefore assessed the nutritive quality of Brachiaria decumbens with additives prepared as silage using in-vitro gas production technique. Brachiaria decumbens was ensiled with four different additives. T1: 90% Brachiaria decumbens+ 10 %Yellow corn residue; T2: 90% Brachiaria decumbens+ 10% White maize residue; T3: 90% Brachiaria decumbens + 10% Guinea corn residue; T4: 90% Brachiaria decumbens + 10% Soy bean residue; T5: 100% Brachiaria decumbens and were incubated for in vitro gas production for 24 hours. Cumulative gas production was recorded at 3, 6,9,12, 15, 18, 21and 24 hr of incubation periods and the organic matter digestibility (OMD), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and metabolisable energy (ME) were estimated. Results showed that the dry matter content of the silages ranged from 26.35 to 37.57%, the crude protein ranged from 7.30 to 10.00%, the ether extract ranged from 3.60 to 4.27%, The NDF, ADF and ADL were significantly (p<0.05) different among the different silages. The cumulative gas produced ranged between 13.00 and 18.67 ml/200mg DM. There were no significant difference in ME, OMD and SCFA of the silages. The estimated ME (MJ/Kg DM) for the silages ranged from 4.33 MJ/Kg DM to 5.19 MJ/Kg DM. The highest OMD (45.27%) was observed in T2 (Brachiaria decumbens ensiled with white maize residue) and the lowest (41.45%) value in T4 (Brachiaria decumbens ensiled with soy bean residue). The SCFA estimated from gas production were 0.35, 0.50,, 0.37, 0.33 and 0.45 ?Mol.

Anti-Diabetic Activity of a Mineraloid Isolate, in vitro and in Genetically Diabetic Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Deneau ◽  
Taufeeq Ahmed ◽  
Roger Blotsky ◽  
Krzysztof Bojanowski
Keyword(s):  
Dna Microarrays ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Diabetic Animal ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Genetically Diabetic Mice

Type II diabetes is a metabolic disease mediated through multiple molecular pathways. Here, we report anti-diabetic effect of a standardized isolate from a fossil material - a mineraloid leonardite - in in vitro tests and in genetically diabetic mice. The mineraloid isolate stimulated mitochondrial metabolism in human fibroblasts and this stimulation correlated with enhanced expression of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins such as ATP synthases and ribosomal protein precursors, as measured by DNA microarrays. In the diabetic animal model, consumption of the Totala isolate resulted in decreased weight gain, blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin. To our best knowledge, this is the first description ever of a fossil material having anti-diabetic activity in pre-clinical models.

Comparison of High Purity Factor IX Concentrates and a Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in a Canine Model of Thrombogenicity

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
I R MacGregor ◽  
J M Ferguson ◽  
L F McLaughlin ◽  
T Burnouf ◽  
C V Prowse
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Albumin Infusion

SummaryA non-stasis canine model of thrombogenicity has been used to evaluate batches of high purity factor IX concentrates from 4 manufacturers and a conventional prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). Platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, fibrin(ogen) degradation products and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were monitored before and after infusion of concentrate. Changes in FPA were found to be the most sensitive and reproducible indicator of thrombogenicity after infusion of batches of the PCC at doses of between 60 and 180 IU/kg, with a dose related delayed increase in FPA occurring. Total FPA generated after 100-120 IU/kg of 3 batches of PCC over the 3 h time course was 9-12 times that generated after albumin infusion. In contrast the amounts of FPA generated after 200 IU/kg of the 4 high purity factor IX products were in all cases similar to albumin infusion. It was noted that some batches of high purity concentrates had short NAPTTs indicating that current in vitro tests for potential thrombogenicity may be misleading in predicting the effects of these concentrates in vivo.

A Comparison of the in Vitro and in Vivo Thrombogenic Activity of Factor IX Concentrates Using Stasis (Wessler) and Non-Stasis Rabbit Models

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 081-086 ◽  
Author(s):  
C V Prowse ◽  
A E Williams
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Low Activity

SummaryThe thrombogenic effects of selected factor IX concentrates were evaluated in two rabbit models; the Wessler stasis model and a novel non-stasis model. Concentrates active in either the NAPTT or TGt50 in vitro tests of potential thrombogenicity, or both, caused thrombus formation in the Wessler technique and activation of the coagulation system in the non-stasis model. A concentrate with low activity in both in vitro tests did not have thrombogenic effects in vivo, at the chosen dose. Results in the non-stasis model suggested that the thrombogenic effects of factor IX concentrates may occur by at least two mechanisms. A concentrate prepared from platelet-rich plasma and a pyrogenic concentrate were also tested and found to have no thrombogenic effect in vivo.These studies justify the use of the NAPTT and TGt50 in vitro tests for the screening of factor IX concentrates prior to clinical use.

In Vitro Thrombogenicity Tests of Factor IX Concentrates

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1355-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
C V Prowse ◽  
A Chirnside ◽  
R A Elton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Factor Viii Inhibitor ◽  
Factor Ixa ◽  
Viii Inhibitor

SummaryVarious factor IX concentrates have been examined in a number of in vitro tests of thrombogenicity. The results suggest that some tests are superfluous as in concentrates with activity in any of these tests activation is revealed by a combination of the non-activated partial thromboplastin time, the thrombin (or Xa) generation time and factor VIII inhibitor bypassing activity tests. Assay of individual coagulant enzymes revealed that most concentrates contained more factor IXa than Xa. However only a small number of concentrates, chiefly those that had been purposefully activated, contained appreciable amounts of either enzyme.

Inhibition of Fibrinolysis and Fibrinogenolysis in Man: Comparison of ε-Aminocaproic Acid and Kallikrein Inhibitor

1963 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Beck ◽  
R Schmutzler ◽  
F Duckert ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Strong Inhibitor ◽  
Kallikrein Inhibitor ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

SummaryInhibitor of kallikrein and trypsin (KI) extracted from bovine parotis was compared with ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA): both substances inhibit fibrinolysis induced with streptokinase. EACA is a strong inhibitor of fibrinolysis in concentrations higher than 0, 1 mg per ml plasma. The same amount and higher concentrations are not able to inhibit completely the proteolytic-side reactions of fibrinolysis (fibrinogenolysis, diminution of factor V, rise of fibrin-polymerization-inhibitors). KI inhibits well proteolysis of plasma components in concentrations higher than 2,5 units per ml plasma. Much higher amounts of KI are needed to inhibit fibrinolysis as demonstrated by our in vivo and in vitro tests.Combination of the two substances for clinical use is suggested. Therapeutic possibilities are discussed.

Mengembangkan Ayam Buras Dan Sapi Potong Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Petani Kabupaten Maros

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Sri - Purwanti ◽  
Syamsuddin Nompo ◽  
Laily Agustina ◽  
Muh. Nur Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Coaching Training ◽  
Meat And Eggs

The activities conducted in Maros regency Tanralili district Purnakarya village in chickens and beef cattle groups Cedde Jaya. The main source of livestock feed cows during the dry season are dry forage, rice straw, corn straw and hay crops of nuts which happened to be planted at the time of drought. Besides, leaf  Gamal is also a main feed in dry  season. Number of cattle per family ownership only 2-3  head extensively maintained. Range chicken as well as extensive maintenance, ownership on average 2-5 chicken each household group.  To increase the productivity of cattle, the team provides counseling, coaching, training and mentoring as well as providing some main of facilities such as cattle shed, biogas digester, planting banana. Results are expected in the presence of  activities is the avaibility of green forage mainly during the dry season, so that the cattle population will increase, the biogas as a fuel  alternative to kerosin and LPG gas, liquid and solid fertilizer from biogas by-product process, the increasing population of chicken qualified (meat and eggs as well as the day old chick).  Besides the problem of production is also done on the farm management. The activities is expected that will increase the incomes of farmers further improve the welfare of Maros regency. For the sustainability of the program it is necessary supervision and guidance are routinely performed by the related department along with the college.

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