Citrus-based hydrocolloids: A water retention aid and rheology modifier for paper coatings

The rheological and dewatering behavior of an aqueous pigmented coating system not only affects the machine runnability but also affects the product quality. The current study describes the use of natural hydrocolloids derived from citrus peel fibers as a rheology modifier in paper coating applications. The results were compared with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a typical paper coating system. Water retention of the coating formulation was increased by 56% with citrus peel fibers compared to a default coating, and it also was higher than a CMCcontaining coating. The Brookfield viscosity of paper coatings was found to increase with citrus peel fibers. Compared to CMC, different citrus peel fibers containing coating recipes were able to achieve similar or higher water retention values, with no change or a slight increase in viscosity. Coatings were applied on linerboard using the Mayer rod-coating method, and all basic properties of paper were measured to assess the impact of citrus peel fiber on the functional value of the coatings. Paper properties were improved with coated paper containing citrus peel fibers, including brightness, porosity, smoothness, surface bonding strength, and ink absorption.

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Does kraft hardwood and softwood pulp viscosity correlate to paper properties?

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj15.10.643 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 643-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ROBERT J. OGLESBY ◽

HUMPHREY J. MOYNIHAN ◽

RICARDO B. SANTOS ◽

ASHOK GHOSH ◽

PETER W. HART

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Strength Loss ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Clear Correlation ◽

Paper Properties ◽

Physical Strength ◽

Pulp Viscosity ◽

Softwood Pulp ◽

The Impact ◽

The influence of Hanok experience on tourists’ attitude and behavioral intention: An interplay between experiences and a Value-Attitude-Behavior model

Journal Of Vacation Marketing ◽

10.1177/13567667211011761 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135676672110117

Author(s):

Choong-Ki Lee ◽

Yvette Reisinger ◽

Muhammad Shakil Ahmad ◽

Yae-Na Park ◽

Choong-Won Kang

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Intention ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Experience Economy ◽

A Value ◽

Functional Value ◽

Experienced Utility ◽

Attitude Behavior ◽

Tourism And Hospitality ◽

The Impact ◽

Value Functional

This study examines the impact of Hanok experience on tourists’ attitude and behavioral intention using the experience economy ( Pine and Gilmore, 1998 ) and the experienced utility theory ( Kahneman et al., 1997 ). Specifically, the study explores how tourists’ experiences are associated with a Value-Attitude-Behavior (VAB) model in the context of a heritage tourism attraction such as Jeonju Hanok Village in South Korea. A total of 323 responses were examined using SEM analysis. The results revealed that educational, entertainment, and escapism experiences significantly influenced functional value. Functional value had a significant relationship with attitude, which was positively related to behavioral intention. The results indicate the interplay of tourists’ experiences with the VAB model. The study provides theoretical and practical implications for tourism and hospitality academics and practitioners.

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The Mechanical Impact of Water Affected the Soil Physical Quality of a Loam Soil under Minimum Tillage and No-Tillage: An Assessment Using Beerkan Multi-Height Runs and BEST-Procedure

Land ◽

10.3390/land10020195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 195 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mirko Castellini ◽

Anna Maria Stellacci ◽

Danilo Sisto ◽

Massimo Iovino

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Retention ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Management ◽

Soil Water Retention ◽

Physical Quality ◽

Soil Physical Quality ◽

Loam Soil ◽

The Impact

The multi-height (low, L = 3 cm; intermediate, M = 100 cm; high, H = 200 cm) Beerkan run methodology was applied on both a minimum tilled (MT) (i.e., up to a depth of 30 cm) and a no-tilled (NT) bare loam soil, and the soil water retention curve was estimated by the BEST-steady algorithm. Three indicators of soil physical quality (SPQ), i.e., macroporosity (Pmac), air capacity (AC) and relative field capacity (RFC) were calculated to assess the impact of water pouring height under alternative soil management practices. Results showed that, compared to the reference low run, M and H runs affected both the estimated soil water retention curves and derived SPQ indicators. Generally, M–H runs significantly reduced the mean values of Pmac and AC and increased RFC for both MT and NT soil management practices. According to the guidelines for assessment of SPQ, the M and H runs: (i) worsened Pmac classification of both MT and NT soils; (ii) did not worsen AC classification, regardless of soil management parameters; (iii) worsened RFC classification of only NT soil, as a consequence of insufficient soil aeration. For both soil management techniques, a strong negative correlation was found between the Pmac and AC values and the gravitational potential energy, Ep, of the water used for the infiltration runs. A positive correlation was detected between RFC and Ep. The relationships were plausible from a soil physics point of view. NT soil has proven to be more resilient than MT. This study contributes toward testing simple and robust methods capable of quantifying soil degradation effects, due to intense rainfall events, under different soil management practices in the Mediterranean environment.

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COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND EXPLOSIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER-BONDED EXPLOSIVES BASED ON HEXOGEN AND FLUOROELASTOMERS

Journal of Military Science and Technology ◽

10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.66a.2020.76-83 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 76-83

Author(s):

Nguyen Trung Toan

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Vinylidene Fluoride ◽

High Energy ◽

High Chemical ◽

Energy Characteristics ◽

Coating Method ◽

Polymer Bonded Explosives ◽

Friction Sensitivity ◽

The Impact ◽

High Chemical Stability

This paper describes the formulation of two polymer-bonded explosives based on RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5- trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) and fluoroelastomer binders by the water-slurry coating method. The fluoroelastomers are poly(VDF-HFP) (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropene copolymer) and poly(VDF-CTFE) (vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer). It has been observed that the impact sensitivity and the friction sensitivity of PBX samples were significantly lower than that of the single RDX. Results also showed that two PBX formulations have high chemical stability, high energy characteristics, and equivalent to some PBX in the world. Finally, the compressive strength of these PBX compositions was found in the range of 8-12 MPa.

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Spatial-temporal changes in river runoff and terrestrial ecosystem water retention under 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming scenarios across China

10.5194/esd-2017-96 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Ran Zhai ◽

Fulu Tao ◽

Zhihui Xu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Interannual Variability ◽

River Runoff ◽

Water Retention ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Climate Scenarios ◽

Warming Scenario ◽

Basin Scale ◽

The Impact

Abstract. The Paris Agreement set a long-term temperature goal of holding the global average temperature increase to below 2.0 ℃ above pre-industrial levels, and pursuing efforts to limit this to 1.5 ℃, it is therefore important to understand the impacts of climate change under 1.5 ℃ and 2.0 ℃ warming scenarios for climate adaptation and mitigation. Here, climate scenarios by four Global Circulation Models (GCMs) for the baseline (2006–2015), 1.5 ℃ and 2.0 ℃ warming scenarios (2106–2115) were used to drive the validated Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model to investigate the impacts of global warming on river runoff and Terrestrial Ecosystem Water Retention (TEWR) in China. The trends in annual mean temperature, precipitation, river runoff and TEWR were analysed at the grid and basin scale. Results showed that there were large uncertainties in climate scenarios from the different GCMs, which led to large uncertainties in the impact assessment. The differences among the four GCMs were larger than differences between the two warming scenarios. The interannual variability of river runoff increased notably in areas where it was projected to increase, and the interannual variability increased notably from 1.5 ℃ warming scenario to 2.0 ℃ warming scenario. By contrast, TEWR would remain relatively stable. Both extreme low and high river runoff would increase under the two warming scenarios in most areas in China, with high river runoff increasing more. And the risk of extreme river runoff events would be higher under 2.0 ℃ warming scenario than under 1.5 ℃ warming scenario in term of both extent and intensity. River runoff was significantly positively correlated to precipitation, while increase in maximum temperature would generally cause river runoff to decrease through increasing evapotranspiration. Likewise, precipitation also played a dominant role in affecting TEWR. Our findings highlight climate change mitigation and adaptation should be taken to reduce the risks of hydrological extreme events.

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Variability of the water availability in a river lake system – A case study of Lake Symsar

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.1515/jwld-2016-0039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 87-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angela B. Kuriata-Potasznik ◽

Sławomir Szymczyk

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Availability ◽

Water Retention ◽

Water Exchange ◽

Water Losses ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Local Climate ◽

Lake System ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

The Impact

AbstractIt is predicted that climate change will result in the diminution of water resources available both on global and regional scales. Local climate change is harder to observe and therefore, while counteracting its effects, it seems advisable to undertake studies on pertinent regional and local conditions. In this research, our aim was to assess the impact of a river and its catchment on fluctuations in the water availability in a natural lake which belongs to a post-glacial river and lake system. River and lake systems behave most often like a single interacting hydrological unit, and the intensity of water exchange in these systems is quite high, which may cause temporary water losses. This study showed that water in the analyzed river and lake system was exchanged approx. every 66 days, which resulted from the total (horizontal and vertical) water exchange. Also, the management of a catchment area seems to play a crucial role in the local water availability, as demonstrated by this research, where water retention was favoured by wooded and marshy areas. More intensive water retention was observed in a catchment dominated by forests, pastures and wetlands. Wasteland and large differences in the land elevation in the tested catchment are unfavourable to water retention because they intensify soil evaporation and accelerate the water run-off outside of the catchment. Among the actions which should be undertaken in order to counteract water deficiencies in catchment areas, rational use and management of the land resources in the catchment are most often mentioned.

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Assessing the impact of agro-industrial olive wastes in soil water retention: Implications for remediation of degraded soils and water availability for plant growth

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation ◽

10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.06.019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

pp. 48-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dilek Killi ◽

Ruediger Anlauf ◽

Yasemin Kavdir ◽

Matthew Haworth

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Availability ◽

Water Retention ◽

Soil Water Retention ◽

The Impact

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Nanocrystalline Cellulose and Polyvinyl Alcohol Coating Application to Cardboard Packaging Papers and Investigation of the Effects on Paper Properties

Materials Science ◽

10.5755/j01.ms.26.3.21499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 317-322

Author(s):

Semiha YENİDOĞAN

Keyword(s):

Frictional Resistance ◽

Light Sensitivity ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽

Surface Appearance ◽

Paper Properties ◽

Coating Application ◽

And Performance ◽

Water Absorbability ◽

The Impact

In the packaging sector of the printing industry, different coating applications are tried and investigated in order to increase the surface appearance and performance characteristics of paper and cardboard. The printability, water and ink absorption capacity, frictional resistance, light sensitivity of the visual graphical design that are going to be printed on the packaging papers are some of them. In this study, different types of cardboards that are used as a packaging material were chosen and coated with nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)/PVA at different rates (%). In order to determine effective and economical usage conditions, the coating solutions, at three different concentrations as 3 wt.%, 5 wt. %, 7 wt.%, were prepared. The coating was applied on the test papers, which were at the same weights (350 g/m2) and had different surface properties as matte glossy, bright glossy, American Bristol. NCC/PVA existence on the coated paper surface was confirmed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The impact of the coating, which was prepared at different concentrations, on the packaging materials was studied with respect to thickness, stiffness, water absorbability, contact angle and surface tension.

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Water Retention in Nature-Based Solutions—Assessment of Potential Economic Effects for Local Social Groups

Water ◽

10.3390/w12123347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3347

Author(s):

Zwoździak Jerzy ◽

Szałata Łukasz ◽

Zwoździak Anna ◽

Kwiecińska Kornelia ◽

Byelyayev Maksym

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Retention ◽

Economic Effect ◽

Social Groups ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Current State ◽

The Impact

The upcoming trends related to climate change are increasing the level of interest of social groups in solutions for the implementation and the realization of activities that will ensure the change of these trends and can reduce the impact on the environment, including the health of the community exposed to these impacts. The implementation of solutions aimed at improving the quality of the environment requires taking into account not only the environmental aspects but also the economic aspect. Taking into account the analysis of solutions changing the current state of climate change, the article focuses on the analysis of the potential economic effect caused by the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) in terms of reducing the operating costs related to water retention for local social groups. The analysis is based on a case study, one of the research projects studying nature-based solutions, created as part of the Grow Green project (H2020) in Wrocław in 2017–2022. The results of the analysis are an observed potential positive change in economic effects, i.e., approximately 85.90% of the operating costs related to water retention have been reduced for local social groups by NBSs.

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Indole and 2,4-Thiazolidinedione conjugates as potential anticancer modulators

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5386 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5386 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Domenica M. Corigliano ◽

Riyaz Syed ◽

Sebastiano Messineo ◽

Antonio Lupia ◽

Rahul Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Water Retention ◽

Heterocyclic Ring ◽

Ring Molecules ◽

Negative Side Effects ◽

And Migration ◽

The Impact ◽

Mcf 7

Background Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), also called glitazones, are five-membered carbon ring molecules commonly used for the management of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recently, many prospective studies have also documented the impact of these compounds as anti-proliferative agents, though several negative side effects such as hepatotoxicity, water retention and cardiac issues have been reported. In this work, we synthesized twenty-six new TZD analogues where the thiazolidinone moiety is directly connected to an N-heterocyclic ring in order to lower their toxic effects. Methods By adopting a widely applicable synthetic method, twenty-six TZD derivatives were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity in MTT and Wound healing assays with PC3 (prostate cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells. Results Three compounds, out of twenty-six, significantly decreased cellular viability and migration, and these effects were even more pronounced when compared with rosiglitazone, a well-known member of the TZD class of antidiabetic agents. As revealed by Western blot analysis, part of this antiproliferative effect was supported by apoptosis studies evaluating BCL-xL and C-PARP protein expression. Conclusion Our data highlight the promising potential of these TZD derivatives as anti-proliferative agents for the treatment of prostate and breast cancer.

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