scholarly journals Household Debts: Global Experience of Restructuring Debts and Ukrainian Reality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
V. O. Kornіvska ◽  
◽  
O. L. Yaremenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Household Debt ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Debt Restructuring ◽  
Moral Hazards ◽  
The Government

The research results on the global problem of household debt growth, its causes, consequences, social context, and influence on the formation of aggregate demand are presented. It is substantiated that with the growth of debts, households are losing their share in aggregate demand, and the state is becoming an increasingly influential player compared to others due to the strengthening of fiscal and regulatory government influence. Facing the increasing debt pressure, households start reducing consumption, thus negatively affecting aggregate demand. The government, on its part, trying to improve the situation, increases subsidies and provides policies that encourage banks to restructure loans, develops restructuring programs, etc. These trends are proven to be of an urgent character and should not be routinized, in order not to distort the market environment or increase the direct influence of the state on purely market processes. The analysis of global experience, carried out in the article, shows that in the condition of economic destabilization debt restructuring is the only way to help the population out of the debt trap. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the ways to harmonize the accumulation of household debt through restructuring, to identify its market mechanisms, and to prove that the state should provide extensive assistance to households trying to overcome the debt trap. Three options for the state participation in the restructuring process have been identified: institutional participation (when the state only provides regulatory support); design and implementation of state restructuring programs; adoption of regulations on compulsory restructuring. New Ukrainian norms and regulations related to forced debt restructuring are analyzed, and their social context is proved to be contradictory. On the one hand, the adoption of corresponding laws became a significant step towards maintaining the social stability of the Ukrainian population against the background of the growing poverty and increasing total indebtedness of the people (even in the sphere of payments for public utility services), and the growing currency risks. On the other hand, Ukrainian market players often show moral hazards of non-compliance with the conditions of debt discipline, which have become part of the financial behavior, negatively affecting the general financial culture.

An Analysis of Financial Management of Electricity Company in Kota, Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 06-17
Author(s):  
Laxmi Saxena ◽  
◽  
Dr. Pratima Rawal ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Phase Point ◽  
Financial Strength ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tools And Techniques

On 19th July 2000, Government of Rajasthan issued a gazette notification by which Rajasthan State Electricity Board (RSEB) was unbundled into new entities based on functional specialization. RSEB was unbundled into five new entities out of which Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd., (RVPN) is constituted as transmission company. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd (RVPN) was discharging wheeling of power and electricity transmission only. The Transmission Company operates all the 765 kV, 400kV, 220 kV and 132 kV electricity lines and system in the State. Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd (RVPN) deliver power from the location of generation to inter-phase point of Discoms so as to enable them to supply where it is needed either in the homes or in businesses they serve. The main important objective of the RVPN is to provide reliable electric transmission service to the customers. Being infrastructure of RVPN it serves as the link in transporting electricity to millions of electricity users as a public utility. RVPN is a Government Company and its Authorized Share Capital is Rs. 7000 crore and paid up capital is Rs.4441.04 as on 31.13.2019. RVPN is a State Power Transmission Utility, wholly owned by the Government of Rajasthan which undertakes activities relating to transmission of power and management of load dispatch in the state of Rajasthan. This study analysis the capital structure and financial performance of Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd (RVPN) of the last three years 2016-17 to 2018-19. The required data were collected from the secondary source i.e. audited final accounts of RRVPNLTD. This research paper was an effort to identify its financial strength and weakness with the help of various financial analysis tools and techniques.

LEGALANALYSIS ON THE INTERDEPENDENT COMPETENCES BETWEEN STATE AGENCIES IN ENACT OF THE VOLUNTAR ARBITRATION LEGAL REGIME (A STUDY FROM TIMOR-LESTE GOVERNMENT)

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Jose Edmundo Caetano
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
The Government ◽  
New York Convention ◽  
Competence System

The adoption of separation of power principles given by Montesqiu in governing the state in Timor-Leste is clearly granted by its 2002 Constitution. However, the debate on its interdependent competence in regard to the legislatif initiative and authority delegation to enact any regime remain doubted. Include in this study on these two major organs of executive lead by the government and the legislatif led by the parliament on its interdependent competence on enacting of the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill in Timor-Leste. Early this year, the Timor-Leste Government enacted a new Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill aligned with passing a Government Resolution on the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award (convention on the recognition and implementation of foreign Arbitration Awards). This Convention has been ratied by the Timor-Leste National Parliament through the Resolution number 3/V/2 dated 20 January 2021 concerning Timor-Leste's accession to the 1959 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. This study examined the interdependence on the separation of powers in a two dominant competence system which are the government with the competence of Delegation Authorities to initiate a legislation and the parliament with the attribution to enact a legal regime and more over to the political decision on proposed law of the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill. Hence, this study resume that, although the government competence attribute by the constitution were stipulated clearly in Timor-Leste Constitution in article 115 (3) such as its competence to has exclusive legislative competence on matters concerning its own organization and functioning, as well as on the direct and indirect administration of the State. Hence this competence provide authorities to propose and drafting any legal regime that matters to government concern only as authorized by the parliament only as compared to the article 96 point 1 line k) on legislatif authorities as well as article 97 point 1 line 3) on legislatif initiative which government hold the delegation authorized only by the parliament to initiate legislation and in regards to the general rules and regulations for the requisition and expropriation for public utility; furthermore to enact the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Regime for its citizens.

Some aspects of the idea of unity V. Solovyov and the present

2000 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
O. O. Romanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University ◽  
Temporary Closure

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the nature of the national policy of Russia is significantly changing. After the events of 1863 in Poland (the Second Polish uprising), the government of Alexander II gradually abandoned the dominant idea of ​​anathematizing, whose essence is expressed in the domination of the principle of serving the state, the greatness of the empire. The tsar-reformer deliberately changes the policy of etatamism into the policy of state ethnocentrism. The manifestation of such a change is a ban on teaching in Polish (1869) and the temporary closure of the University of Warsaw. At the end of the 60s, the state's policy towards a five million Russian Jewry was radically revised. The process of abolition of restrictions on travel, education, place of residence initiated by Nicholas I, was provided reverse.

Russia in 2000-2004: Heading towards State Capitalism?

2004 ◽  
pp. 42-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Radygin
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
The Government

The paper deals with one of the characteristic trends of the 2000s, that is, the government's property expansion. It is accompanied by attempts to consolidate economic structures controlled by the state and state-owned stock packages and unitary enterprises under the aegis of holdings. Besides the government practices selective severe enforcement actions against a number of the largest private companies, strengthens its control over companies with mixed capital and establishes certain informal procedures of relationships between private business and the state. The author examines the YUKOS case and the business community's actual capacity to protect its interests. One can argue that in all likelihood the trend to the 'state capitalism' in its specific Russian variant has become clearer over 2003-2004.

Transiting into Singaporean identity: Immigration and naturalisation policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathews Mathew ◽  
Debbie Soon
Keyword(s):  
Manpower Planning ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Ideal

Debates in Singapore about immigration and naturalisation policy have escalated substantially since 2008 when the government allowed an unprecedentedly large number of immigrants into the country. This essay will discuss immigration and naturalisation policy in Singapore and the tensions that have been evoked, and how these policies are a key tool in regulating the optimal composition and size of the population for the state’s imperatives. It will demonstrate that although the state has, as part of its broader economic and manpower planning policy to import labour for economic objectives, it seeks to retain only skilled labour with an exclusive form of citizenship.  Even as the Singapore state has made its form of citizenship even more exclusive by reducing the benefits that non-citizens receive, its programmes for naturalising those who make the cut to become citizens which include the recently created Singapore Citizenship Journey (SCJ) is by no means burdensome from a comparative perspective. This paper examines policy discourse and the key symbols and narratives provided at naturalisation events and demonstrates how these are used to evoke the sense of the ideal citizen among new Singaporeans. 

Blockchain technologies and their application in governmentadministration

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Myroslav Kosіak ◽  
Inna Kosіak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Property Insurance ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
State Management ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Methods Analytical

The purpose of the article. The article considers the Blockchain technology asan innovative tool. In particular, the essence and background of the developmentof blocks, the principles and specifics of the functioning of the system, as well asthe scheme of its work, are determined. The article presents the prospects forusingdistributed registry technologies (blockchain) in various socioeconomic spheresrelated to state administration. Provided examples and forecasts of the use ofblockchain technologies in the provision of state and municipal services forindividuals and legal entities in the following areas: formation of a unified registercontaining the history of the placement of the state, municipal order, as well asprocurement of corporations with state participation and / or control; registers ofdocuments (diplomas, certificates, lost and disavowed passports, policies for movableand immovable property insurance, health, etc.); database of court decisions andexecutive proceedings; public participation portals for citizens of Ukraine district- city – country. The fact that the blockchain technology is, first of all, theprinciples, and not the only possible way of implementing them, allows us to counton maximum openness and multivariate application in a dynamically changingchanging«digital world». Methodology. The research methodology is to use a combinationof methods: analytical, historical, comparative. The scientific novelty. The priorityof state blockchain systems introduction in stationary and distant voting, distributeddocument circulation, medical data registration, land resources registration,electronic auctions (auctions) in Ukraine was grounded. Conclusions. Already today,blockchain systems can change the role and participation of citizens in the conductof the state-management process, by raising the responsibility level, from thetransparent will expression in the elections to regulating the government serviceactivity in the society’s digitization conditions. The main advantages blockchainsystems using by public authorities that will increase the level of citizens trust todigital technologies using in general, namely: reliability and reliability of datastorage, transparency of transactions and virtually absolute protection of informationfrom distortion and unauthorized removal (relocation), are determined. In furtherscientific research it is proposed to consider the promising areas of the blockchaindigital technology usage: service activities of public authorities, legal proceedings,property rights management, implementation of migration control, verification ofgoods and services, registration of data on passing qualifying tests, patenting,intellectual property, digital identification, logistics , taxation, accounting ofbudget funds movement.

Hukum Denda dalam Keuangan Publik Islam di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328
Author(s):  
Fathul Aminudin Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Fines are sanctions or punishments that are applied in the form of the obligation to pay a sum of money imposed on the denial of a number of agreements previously agreed upon. There is debate over the status of fines in Islamic law. Some argue that fines may not be used, and some argue that they may be used. In the context of fines for delays in payment of taxes, in fiqh law it can be analogous to ta'zir bi al-tamlīk (punishment for ownership). This can be justified if the tax obligations have met the requirements. Whereas according to Islamic teachings, fines can be categorized as acts in order to obey government orders as taught in the hadith, and in order to contribute to the realization of mutual benefit in the life of the state. As for the amount of the fine, the government cannot arbitrarily determine fines that are too large to burden the people. Penalties are applied as a message of reprimand and as a means to cover the lack of the state budget.

Analysis Of Open Selection Mechanism In The Government Of Bantul District 2016

ARISTO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vindhi Putri Pratiwi ◽  
Muhammad Eko Atmojo ◽  
Dyah Mutiarin ◽  
Awang Darumurti ◽  
Helen Dian Fridayani
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Selection Mechanism ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bureaucratic Reform ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this research is to see the open selection mechanism in the government of Bantul district. Because the success of bureaucratic reform is a part of human resources within the government bureaucracy. Therefore it is necessary to have human resource management to realize a state of civil apparatus with integrity, professionalism and competence. In this study, researchers used qualitative approach methods. Where in the technique is done in-depth interviews to get information and gather other supporting documents on this research. Human resource management could be done by structuring employees through an open selection mechanism. The Government of Bantul District has conducted an open selection in structuring employees who are in their government. Because the open selection is considered a solution in the screening of the state civil apparatus. Moreover, the Bantul Government in the open selection process uses several stages including administration selection, competency tests, interviews, and paper presentations. With the existence of several stages carried out in the open selection process by the Bantul Government, it is expected to capture and create a state civil apparatus who are professional and competent in running of bureaucracy in the government. So the existence of the state civil apparatus competent then will be influenced in its performance.

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

The Scope and Content of Section 75(1)(a) of the Zimbabwean Constitution: An International Law Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiedza Simbo
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Education System ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Education Act ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Basic Education System

Despite the recent enactment of the Zimbabwean Constitution which provides for the right to basic education, complaints, reminiscent of a failed basic education system, have marred the education system in Zimbabwe. Notwithstanding glaring violations of the right to basic education by the government, no person has taken the government to court for failure to comply with its section 75(1)(a) constitutional obligations, and neither has the government conceded any failures or wrongdoings. Two ultimate questions arise: Does the state know what compliance with section 75(1)(a) entails? And do the citizens know the scope and content of their rights as provided for by section 75(1)(a) of the Constitution of Zimbabwe? Whilst it is progressive that the Education Act of Zimbabwe as amended in 2020 has addressed some aspects relating to section 75(1)(a) of the Constitution, it has still not provided an international law compliant scope and content of the right to basic education neither have any clarifications been provided by the courts. Using an international law approach, this article suggests what the scope and content of section 75(1)(a) might be.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document