scholarly journals The Theoretical Aspects of Defining the Essence of Fiscal Instruments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (522) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
K. S. Shaposhnykov ◽  
◽  
D. V. Krylov ◽  
I. V. Yakushko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Fiscal System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Instrument ◽  
Stimulation Of

The main aim of this article is to research the existing scientific concepts for considering the essence of the category of «fiscal instrument» and substantiate the essence of this definition. It is noted that there is an urgent issue of deepening the provisions formed and also developing further provisions in the field of functioning of the fiscal system, searching for the optimal model when developing such a system. Thus, there is a need for the implementation of new researches in this sphere to deepen the theoretical aspects of the functioning of the fiscal system, including the need to substantiate the content of certain scientific categories and specify existing ones. The article considers the essence of the category of «economic instrument», analyzes the existing concepts of research of this definition. It is determined that this type of instruments is an integral part of the whole mechanism of the State regulation of the national economy, stimulation of the development of certain sectors of the economy, management of the State property. This allowed us to continue to study the role of various types of economic instruments in ensuring the efficient functioning of the national economy, in particular fiscal ones. It is also determined that in the vast majority of cases, using the category of «fiscal instrument», scientists often identify it with the definition of «tax instrument». In a significant number of works when considering derivative scientific concepts from the word «fiscal», it is also not enough attention to specify the content of fiscal instruments. Thus, the article proposes to consider the content of the category of «fiscal instrument» as follows: fiscal instrument – a means used to save financial resources of economic entities in order to generate the State budget revenues.

scholarly journals Features of construction of the model socially oriented national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Оlena Golovnya ◽  
Iryna Kinash
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Economic Mechanism

The background of the development of the model of economic development of Ukraine in the context of social orientation has been analyzed taking into account the interdependent influence of the mechanism of market relations and economic policy of the state. It is researched that the economic mechanism of socially oriented market economy contains organizational structure of production (vertical and horizontal), specific forms of functioning of economic system (state and non-state regulation of the market), as well as a specific institutional base (including its legislative component). The constituents of the economic system are entities formed by large economic entities (eg financial corporations). The authors argue that the economic mechanism of a socially oriented national economy is a complex structure and system of interconnections and includes: a) a system of balanced markets; b) public sector of economy; c) large economic structures that fulfill the regulatory role of the state for the economy as a whole and at the same time increase the market sensitivity to medium and long-term programs of its development; d) public sector administrative and production subsystem; e) system of operative state regulation of economy; e) a budget-balancing system with a powerful core; g) regulatory framework governing mid-market processes. The study states that Ukraine, in rather difficult conditions, produces the parameters of its own national model of socio-economic development for the long term. The country has not yet formulated or implemented an effective model of economic development that would fully reflect its national characteristics and interests and become a macroeconomic basis for effective state regulation It is determined that in the conditions of construction of a new model of the national economy the role of non-governmental and charitable organizations is increasing. The role of non-governmental organizations, which represent one of the most optimal legal forms to assist citizens in solving their common problems, upholding common interests, is a compulsory attribute of the model of socially oriented national economy.

Investment Security as a Factor of Steady Economic Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
S. Naryshkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Stable Development

The article argues for the growing role of economic security factors in the situation of post-crisis development. The paper is focused on the problem of investment security of the national economy. The article contains the definition of investment security and its basic criteria. The author designates major directions and tools of the state policy directed at maintenance of investment security requirements as a condition of stable development and modernization of the Russian economy.

Role of direct and indirect taxes when forming incomes of the State Budget of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Zakhozhay ◽  
Olena Zham
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Structure Identification ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
Financing Costs ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The subject of the research is a set of economic relations arising in the process of filling the revenue part of the State Budget of Ukraine with the help of direct and indirect taxes. The purpose of writing this article is to study the role of direct and indirect taxes in the formation of incomes of the State Budget of Ukraine, assessment of their dynamics, structure, identification of problems and ways to solve them. Since tax revenues constitute the bulk of budget revenues, taking the largest share in their structure, they affect the socio-economic development of the state and also one of the instruments of state regulation of the economy. Methodology. Analysis of dynamics (determine changes in direct and indirect taxes over time); structure analysis (determine the share of direct and indirect taxes in income of the State budget of Ukraine); monographic analysis (when studying problems of tax mobilization and identifying ways to improve the efficiency of their fiscal potential); economic analysis (in assessing the formation and distribution of tax revenues). The scientific novelty problems of formation of the revenue part of the State budget of Ukraine are identified, ways of increasing the fiscal potential of tax revenues are proposed and on this basis achieving economic and social stability and an adequate standard of living for the population, conditions that enhance role of direct and indirect taxes in incomes of the State budget of Ukraine are indicated. Conclusions. For the successful development of the Ukrainian economy, it is necessary to strengthen system of tax collection and demonstrate to the society in positive results of financing expenses through tax revenues. This can positively affect increase in the share of direct taxes, a certain extent, will make Ukraine more interesting for investors and restructuring budget revenues and, as a result, management flexibility in financing costs, which will allow surplus in the next budgets, and the result public debt and budget deficit.

Financial risks of budget security and their state regulation

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 322 (8) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Ivan Marko ◽  
Oksana Radchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Individual Security

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the features of financial risks of the budget component of financial security of Ukraine on the example of the analysis of expenditures for individual security-forming sectors. Research methods. A monographic method was used to review scientific publications of researchers and the regulatory framework on budget security, empirical, systemic and comparative analyzes and synthesis for monitoring indicators and sub-indices of financial and budget security, a graphical method to reflect the dynamics of the studied indicators, a statistical method to identify the integration of risks, abstract logical for theoretical generalizations and conclusions. Research results. Financial risks for the sphere of budget security are classified. The dynamics of the integrated index of economic security and subindex of financial security, and in its structure, budgetary security is analyzed; operational budget expenditures and expenditures on the food and national security sectors. The directions based on which the types of budget security are regulated are determined: focus on achieving the strategic goal; the need to guarantee the priority of budget expenditures for specific industries in the context of political, economic, artificial and global crises; for economic sectors - compliance with the balance of the industry's contribution to GDP and the share of its funding from the State Budget. Scientific novelty. The definition of financial risks of budget security as threats to organizational, regulatory, and administrative measures for the formation of state budget revenues and expenditures has been further developed. The analysis of financial security sub-indices for the current period is in-depth. The connection between financial and budgetary security has been established. The dependences of the dynamics and efficiency of budget expenditures on individual security-forming industries are studied. Methodological support of budget security analysis processes and approaches to the effectiveness of state regulation has been improved. Practical significance. Improvement of the grouping of financial risks, methodical approaches to the definition of directions of the state regulation of decrease in the level of financial risks in the field of budgetary safety is offered. Some conclusions of the study can be used to form the Strategy for the development of security-forming industries. Tabl.: 7. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 31.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE STATE STIMULATION OF NON-COMMODITY GOODS EXPORT IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
E. Matviyenko
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
International Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Promotion Mechanism ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article deals with main issues of foreign economic activity: the role of non-commodity goods export in development of the national economy; state stimulation of non-commodity goods export as the most important direction of foreign economic activity of the Republic of Belarus; as well as some problems connected with the improvement of the existing export promotion mechanism and institutions in modern conditions. Possible directions of the improvement of the state stimulation of non-commodity goods export in the Republic of Belarus are proposed, according to the international experience.

scholarly journals The Essence and Characteristics of the Financial Mechanism of Public Administration in the Field of Physical Culture and Sports

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Olena IVANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
State Management ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Definition Of

The author identifies obstacles to the development of mass sports in Ukraine. The role of the state in the development of the sports sector is noted. The main directions of purposeful managerial influence on the objects of management in the field of physical culture and sports are described. The place of bodies of intersectional competence in coordination of activity of executive bodies on the decision of questions of interbranch character, in comparison with functions of the state committees (public services) and the ministries is defined. The definition of the concept of «mechanism of public administration» is considered. The content of the state regulation of the development of physical culture and sports is characterized. The principles on which the regional management is based are specified and its system components are defined: a subsystem of the central and regional authorities; a set of functions performed by government agencies, as well as various methods, resources used to implement functions; subsystem of connections (direct and inverse) that arise between objects and subjects of management. The vision of the program-target approach, which is the mechanism of the state management of development of physical culture and sports, is characterized. The need for the state to diversify the sources of funding for the sphere in two main areas is noted. It is mentioned that the non-governmental commercial sector contradicts the first task of concentrating management in the hands of state executive bodies. The mechanism of financial regulation of the development of physical culture and sports as an integral component of the functions of financial regulation is considered in detail. An important task of state policy in the field of physical culture and sports is solved. There is a close connection between the legislative base for the development of mass physical culture and high-achievement sports and the legislation on education, social protection, health care, entrepreneurship, and local self-government. The expediency of creating one’s own territorial brand through the prism of physical culture and sports is noted. The role of bodies of local self-government in ensuring the accessibility of physical culture and sports is described.

scholarly journals FISCAL FUNCTION OF CUSTOMS POLICY AS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF ENSURING THE EFFICIENCY OF ITS MECHANISM FORMATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Buhel
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Use

The article considers the essence of customs policy as a set of measures taken to ensure the most effective use of instruments of customs control and customs regulation of foreign economic activity, aimed at maintaining a positive trade balance of the country and the development of the national economy. It is noted that the state's customs policy is designed to promote the country's economic security, which will guarantee a sufficient level of socio-economic and defense existence, as well as the political independence of its economic interests in relation to possible external and internal threats and influences. In this context, the author emphasizes that the profound political, economic and social processes taking place in Ukraine today have determined serious changes in the understanding of the role and importance of the state's customs policy. It is studied that at the present stage of development of the national economy, customs policy as an integral part of public policy has a pronounced fiscal nature. Accordingly, it is emphasized that this definition of priorities is primarily caused by the problem of acute budget deficit, which is complicated by the problems of tax evasion, significant external debt and the state of social guarantees of the state. As conclusions, it is stated that the basis for the transformation of customs in Ukraine should be the transition from the customs service as an exclusively fiscal body that provides most of the tax revenues of the state budget to the controlling body, whose main purpose is to ensure compliance with Ukrainian legislation on customs. At the same time, it was emphasized that the role of control in modern conditions will be not only in a comprehensive assessment of the sphere of taxation of foreign economic activity, but also in identifying additional sources of filling the budget through effective management decisions. However, it is emphasized that the fiscal orientation of the customs service of Ukraine today is primarily due to the state of our economy. Therefore, fundamental changes in the conduct of customs affairs of Ukraine and its tasks are possible only with a corresponding change in the economic situation in the country.

Ground of mechanism of pay in a budget for the pipelinetransporting of hydrocarbon commodities

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Adam Bodіuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hydrocarbon Transport

The subject of the study is the mechanism for determining the fiscal fee forthe main transportation of hydrocarbon goods as a resource concept. The purposeof this article is to justify the nature and prospects of using, instead of currentrent, hydrocarbon fiscal-main income as a fiscal payment, which is brought intothe state budget by operators of the main hydrocarbon-transport system as business entities for their transportation of hydrocarbons and products of their processing through main pipelines appropriate to the economic requirements. Theresearch methodology is determined by a combination of methods: a) cognition:legal analysis (study of the regulatory framework for the use of rent); b) justification: abstract logical analysis (definition of the concepts of hydrocarbon fiscalmain income); c) generalization (substantiation of conclusions and proposals).Results of work. In the process of analyzing the regulatory legal acts that regulate the use of current annuity as payment to the budget for the main transportation of hydrocarbons, it was established that it is not a tax in the interpretationof PKU, since the essence does not meet the official definition of tax, does notmeet the accepted definition of the concept of rent. The accepted nature andmechanism of paying rent for the transportation of hydrogen resources and associated revenues of the state and users of the main hydrogen transport systemand the unpromising nature of its use as a fiscal payment are analyzed. Conclusions.It is proposed that the state pay for the territorial pumping of hydrocarbon resources according to our triple principle as hydrocarbon fiscal-main income, whichcorresponds to its essence, and accordingly change the mechanism for calculatingand depositing funds to treasury accounts. Since the funds come to the revenueside of the state budget, that is, inherently belong to state revenue. The creationof such a mechanism needs certain studies, justifications and government decisions. The same applies to land use, since the quality indicators of soils, wherethe laid pipelines are territorially different. In addition, there is a process ofchanging land for its intended purpose, for the property. The fee for movinghydrocarbon resources should be calculated depending on the type of transport,including pipelines, for a set of indicators: quantity and quality of goods, time,main tariffs and distance of its movement. The amount may be adjusted usingfactors officially established by the CMU. Since the pipelines are located in territorial lands, part of this fee should be transferred to the territorial local budgets.Theoretically, the economic use of trunk pipelines should be considered as a typeof economic environmental management. Therefore, this type of government revenue should be determined by a set of indicators, as well as taking into account the economic interests of business entities authorized by the CMU. Thus, theimplementation of our proposed fiscal payment is relevant, has scientific noveltyand promising practical significance, therefore, for state recognition it is proposedto include it in the Tax Code of Ukraine.

STATE REGULATION OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 30-47
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Nikolayevna Akimova ◽  
Alla Vasilievna Lysachok
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Credit Unions ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Insurance Contracts ◽  
State Pension

The essence of such concepts is “financial service”, “financial ser- vices market”, and “participants of the financial services market”; determined the purpose of state regulation of the financial services market; forms of state regu- lation of the financial services market; financial services that are present in the financial services market; the structure of state regulation bodies of the financial services market in Ukraine is given; The role of state bodies in the regulation of the financial services market was studied; to characterize the regulatory le- gal regulation of the financial services market in Ukraine; the main problems of functioning of the domestic market of financial services are revealed; ways to solve existing problems. It is grounded that the state regulation of financial ser- vices markets consists in the state’s implementation of a set of measures aimed at regulating and overseeing financial services markets to protect the interests of financial services consumers and preventing crisis phenomena. It is concluded that the financial services market is an important element of the development of the economy as a whole, in particular, it concerns not only the state but also society. We must understand that when this market is settled, that is, all bodies that carry out state regulation are competent in their powers, only then will we make informed, effective decisions about the normal and effective functioning of the RFP. It is important that the data of the subjects of control do not overlap, their activities should be fixed at the legislative level. It is also worth bearing in mind that appropriate conditions must be created to create compensatory mecha- nisms in the financial services markets by developing a system for guarante- eing deposits and providing for payments under long-term life insurance contracts, non-state pension provisions, deposits with deposit accounts to credit unions, etс.

Effectiveness of Tax Policy of Ukraine: Evidence and Economy Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Olena P. Slavkova ◽  
Oksana I Zhilinska ◽  
Maksym Palienko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Tax ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Tax Payments

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of tax policy in the country. The analysis of change of tax receipts to the state and local budgets is carried out. The role of tax payments in the economic development of the country is determined. The efficiency of the state tax policy in Ukraine is analyzed, its advantages and disadvantages are determined. The important role of tax payments in stimulating economic and social development is substantiated. The analysis of the elasticity of change of indicators of economic development of the country from the change of volume of tax receipts to the budget is carried out. The necessity of improving the existing policy of establishing, accrual, payment, and distribution of tax revenues as one of the most promising areas to stimulate economic growth is concluded. Keywords: tax policy, revenues, tax evasion, state budget, elasticity, economic development

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