scholarly journals ГОЛОВНІ ТЕХНІКИ СТВОРЕННЯ ПОРТРЕТУ ГЕРОЯ У ХУДОЖНІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ

Author(s):  
Diachuk N.V. ◽  
Biliuk I.L.

Вступ. Філологічний аналіз словесних та художніх описів емоційного стану героїв може допомогти виявити ті якості, які сприяють характеристиці літературного персонажа та основної ідеї твору в цілому. Мета. Мета дослідження – пролити світло на мовно-стилістичні засоби, які сприятимуть створенню психологічного пор-трета головного героя в художньому тексті. Для виконання завдання потрібно з’ясувати найпотужніші прийоми, які використовує автор, і ґрунтовно пояснити наміри автора під час створення психологічного портрету головного героя або героїв роману.Методи. Перелік методів, що використовуються у дослідженні, різноманітний. Серед найбільш ефективних є метод індукції та метод синтезу. Контекстуальний аналіз мовних одиниць розглядається як надзвичайно важливий. Це дослідження має важливе значення з точки зору його практичного та теоретичного значення. Дослідження може бути практично використано для лінгвостилістичного аналізу художньої літератури.Результати. Майстерно зображені автором психологічні портрети протагоністів допомагають зрозуміти глибоку психологічну суть самого роману. Головною ідеєю твору є мотив дружби, на якому ґрунтується опис персонажів. Створюючи харак-теристики літературних образів, автор використав засіб опису середовища та емоцій головних героїв. Таким чином, психологічний портрет образу Джорджа та Ленні був створений за допомогою лінгвостилістичних засобів та поетичних прийомів. Щодо останніх, вони включали дискретний груповий портрет та опис природи, щоб підкреслити схожість характерів героїв, а також показати вражаючий контраст у їх зовнішності. Найчастіше використовуються лінгвостилістичні засоби: порівняння, персоніфікація, епітети, метафори та зооморфне порівняння.Висновки. Мовно-стилістичні засоби відіграють важливу роль у створенні психологічного портрета літературного персо-нажа. Мовна виразність і яскравість висловлювань досягається не лише завдяки виразним стилістичним та оцінно-стилістичним компонентам, а й тому, що слова і словосполучення можуть набувати переносних значень, бути частиною стилістичних фігур, що провокують створення образного значення. Для створення психологічного портрета використовуються різні мовно-стилістичні засоби, такі як епітет, метафора, метонімія, оксиморон та інші, які допомагають розкрити суть персонажів, роз-пізнати їхній внутрішній світ та спосіб їхнього мислення та дій.Ключові слова: психологічний портрет, літературний текст, стилістичні засоби, поетична мова, літературний герой. Introduction. The philological analysis of verbal and artistic descriptions of the characters’ emotional state can help profoundly identify those qualities that contribute to the characterization of the literary character and the main idea of the work as a whole.Purpose. The research aims to shed some light on the linguistic and stylistic means that will contribute to creating the psychological portrait of the main character in the literary text. To accomplish the task we need to figure out the most powerful techniques the author uses and thoroughly explain the intentions of the author while creating the psychological portrait of the personage.Methods. The list of methods used in the research is diverse. Amongst the most efficient are the method of induction and the method of synthesis. The contextual analysis of linguistic units is viewed yet as one of paramount importance. This study is important in terms of its practical and theoretical value. The research can be practically used to deal with linguostylistic analysis of the literature.Results. Skillfully written psychological portraits have been used to focus on deep psychological meaning of the novel “Of Mice and Men”. The main idea of the novel is the motive of friendship, on which the description of characters is based. Meanwhile, creating the personages’ characteristics, the author used the means of identifying the description of the environment and emotions of characters. Thus, the psychological portraits of the images of George and Lenny were created with the help of linguo-stylistic means and poetic devices. Regarding the latter, they included a discrete group portrait and a description of nature to emphasize the similarity of the characters of the heroes, as well as to show a striking contrast in their appearance. The most commonly used linguo-stylistic means are: comparison, personification, epithets, metaphors, and zoomorphic comparison.Conclusions. Linguistic and stylistic means play an important role in creating a psychological portrait of a literary character. Linguistic expressiveness and brightness of utterances are achieved not only due to expressive stylistic and evaluative-stylistic components, but also due to the fact that words and phrases can acquire figurative meanings, be part of stylistic figures that provoke the creation of figurative meaning. To create a psychological portrait, various linguistic and stylistic means are used, such as epithet, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron and others, which help to reveal the essence of the characters, recognize their inner world and the way they think and act.Key words: psychological portrait, literary text, stylistic means, poetic language, literary personage.

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
KATERINA GLADKOVA

The article presents the results of the study of aesthetic function of interrogative utterances in the novel "Waterland" by G. Swift. The methods of component analysis, contextual analysis, and stylistic analysis were used in the research. The author assumes that interrogative utterances play the key role in representing imagery of the novel, facilitating thematical and conceptual unity, forming the chronotope and presentation of the inner world of the narrator. It was also found that interrogative utterances function in expressing emotivity and psychologism of a literary text as well as actualizing implicit senses, e. g. of certain images and episodes by means of such stylistic devices as aposiopesis, parenthesis, repetition, ellipsis and others. In general, the author assumes that in their aesthetic function interrogative utterances serve to convey the individual aesthetic model presented by the author in a literary text.


Author(s):  
Iana E. ANDREEVA

This article examines the linguistic means of representing the category of everyday life in the novel by G. Sh. Yakhina “Zuleikha opens her eyes” and in its translation into Chinese. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the anthropology of everyday life, a broad line of research into everyday life. Comparative study of linguistic units, which reveal the essence of everyday human existence, makes it possible to identify lacunar units that are difficult to translate fiction in the context of the Russian-Chinese language pair. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the involvement in the analysis of linguistic methods of conveying the category of everyday life in the aspect of translating a Russian literary text into Chinese. The work used the methods of comparative, component, contextual analysis, the method of linguoculturological commenting. As a result of the study, the lexical-semantic, lexical-stylistic and grammatical lacunar units were identified, which demonstrate linguocultural barriers in the process of translating a text into Chinese. A comparative analysis of the texts was carried out in order to comprehend the lexical and grammatical transformations performed in the process of translation. As a result, the main ways of compensating for the lacunae of everyday life in Russian-Chinese translation were identified: transcription, tracing, descriptive translation, lexical-semantic replacement. In addition, it was found that the study of various options for depicting everyday life in a literary text not only makes it possible to identify lacunar units of everyday life, but also reveals the artistic and philosophical intention of the work.


Author(s):  
Н.Г. Сичинава

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы формирования основ филологического анализа и интерпретации художественного текста на материале новеллы И.А. Бунина «Ворон». Автор обосновывает необходимость интеграции лингвистического, лингвострановедческого и литературоведческого анализа для обеспечения максимально полного восприятия художественного дискурса инофонами. Зависимость понимания художественного текста и получаемого при его чтении эстетического эффекта от глубины восприятия словесно-художественных образов автор продемонстрирует на материале новеллы И.А. Бунина «Ворон». Средствами создания образов в рассказе являются символика имени; прямая или косвенная характеристики; портрет героя; действия и поступки героя; образы-детали; описание психологического состояния героя; изображение внутреннего мира героя через воспоминания; речь. Как показал анализ, в тексте бунинского рассказа значительный лексический пласт образуется за счет прецедентных феноменов. Процесс их декодирования можно рассматривать как важное средство экспликации текстовой информации. Прежде всего, в исследовательский объектив попадают прецедентные имена. Именно через них можно установить ассоциативные связи с теми понятиями-образами, которые были характерны для российского общества описываемой эпохи или русского лингвокультурного сообщества в целом. В раскрытии образов важную роль играют имплицирующие детали, актуализация которых в ряде случаев происходит через комментарии, заранее подготовленные преподавателем. Особый интерес вызывает проблема смыслового восприятия и понимания имени героини новеллы. Декодирование символики имени героини происходит на основе прецедентных текстов. Данная стратегия формирует у студентов способность узнавать, понимать и адекватно интерпретировать смысл художественного теста с интертекстуальными включениями. Кодирование культурной информации, которая впоследствии должна быть разгадана читателем, имеет место при введении в контекст новеллы определенных лексических единиц. Ключевые слова: художественный текст, интерпретация, прецедентный феномен, образ, язык, И.А. Бунин. The article is devoted to the problem of forming the foundations of philological analysis and interpretation of a fiction text based on the material of I. A. Bunin's short story “The Raven”. The author justifies the need to integrate linguistic, linguistic-cultural and literary analysis in order to ensure the fullest possible perception of fiction discourse by foreign speakers. The author demonstrates the dependence of the understanding of a literary text and the aesthetic effect obtained when reading it on the depth of perception of verbal and artistic images based on the material of I. A. Bunin's Novella "the Raven". The means of creating images in the story are: symbolism of the name; direct or indirect characteristics; portrait of the hero; actions and actions of the hero; images-details; description of the psychological state of the hero; image of the inner world of the hero through memories; speech. Explication of the information contained in the text can proceed along the path of decoding precedent phenomena. When using a precedent name, the author appeals to certain concepts-images that were well known to him and his contemporaries, but do not mean anything to the modern reader. Thus, decoding hidden information requires knowledge accumulated in a given linguistic and cultural community or by humanity as a whole. Implying details play an important role in the disclosure of images, which in some cases are updated through comments prepared in advance by the teacher. Of particular interest is the problem of semantic perception and understanding of the name of the heroine of the novel, which contains references to precedent texts. Decoding the symbolism of the heroine's name gives students the ability to recognize, understand and adequately interpret the meaning of an artistic test with intertextual inclusions. The encoding of cultural information, which must later be unraveled by the reader, takes place when certain lexical units are introduced into the context of the novel.


Author(s):  
Р.Г. ЦОПАНОВА

Целью данного исследования является определение ментального содержания лексики и фразеологии, вербализующей концепты женщина (сылгоймаг) и девушка (чызг) в произведениях осетинского писателя А.Б. Кайтукова. Научная новизна связана с тем, что впервые на языковом материале произведений А. Кайтукова выявлено ментальное содержание указанных концептов. Актуальность данного исследования в том, что, благодаря описанию языкового содержания концептов женщина (сылгоймаг) и девушка (чызг), читатель, с одной стороны, вводится в мир национальной лингвокультуры, содержащей информацию о менталитете народа, с другой стороны – дается характеристика индивидуальных особенностей языка писателя. В работе использованы следующие методы исследования: семантико-стилистический, методы концептуального и контекстуального анализа языковых единиц в художественном тексте. Поставлены следующие задачи: определить номинативную плотность концептов женщина и девушка; раскрыть ментальное содержание лексики и фразеологии, вербализующей названные концепты; указать когнитивные признаки исследуемых концептов; охарактеризовать лексику и фразеологию, объективирующие названные концепты как средство создания идиостиля писателя. В результате работы дана характеристика концептов женщина и девушка в произведениях А. Кайтукова в аспекте лингвокультуры и в рамках идиостиля писателя. The purpose of this study is to determine the mental contents of the vocabulary and phraseology that verbalize the concepts of woman (sylgoymag) and girl (chyzg) in the works of the Ossetian writer A. B. Kaitukov. The scientific novelty is connected with the fact that for the first time the mental content of these concepts will be revealed on the language material of A. Kaitukov's works. The relevance of this study is that due to the description of the linguistic content of the concepts woman (sylgoimag) and girl (chyzg), the reader, on the one hand, is introduced into the world of national linguoculture, containing information about the mentality of the people, on the other hand, a characteristic of the individual features of the writer’s language is given. The following research methods were used in the work: semantic and stylistic, methods of conceptual and contextual analysis of linguistic units in a literary text. The following tasks were set: to determine the nominative density of the concepts woman and girl; to reveal the mental content of lexis and phraseology, verbalizing the named concepts; indicate the cognitive features of the studied concepts; to characterize the vocabulary and phraseology that objectify the named concepts as a means of creating the idiostyle of the writer. As a result of the work, a description of the concepts of a woman and a girl in the works of A. Kaitukov is given in the aspect of linguoculture and within the framework of the writer's idiostyle.


ALAYASASTRA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Asmaul Farida Azizi ◽  
Purwati Anggraini

ABSTRACTThis study aims to obtain the character and characterization of the main characters in the novels of the villains and their silence by Eko Triono. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data comes from the novels of the villains and their silence by Eko Triono. The data collection technique used is to read literary works in the form of novels of the villains and their silence and mark the descriptions that are in accordance with the context under study. The results and discussion about the character of hard work in accordance with the novel and its characterization. The study of the novels of the Criminals and the Silence of Each of these uses a Psychological Study that leads to the human nature. Results and discussion contain motivating, economic factors, and national development issues that require leaders to do hard work. The hard work character is shown by the author through characterization in the form of indirect characterization and direct characterization. Keyword: Literary, Character, Characterization


Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Tatiana Liashenko

The subject of this research is lexemes of the thematic group “food and food consumption” in the novel by Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Golovlyov Family”. The object of this research is the functional yield of these linguistic units in the text. The author of the article describes the functionality of food images in literature in form of the system of oppositions “external (existential) – internal (psychological)”, and “static-dynamic”. The four functions are differentiated: external static (food image as a detail scenery), external dynamic (food image as a theme-forming element), internal static (food image as an element of portrait of the character), internal dynamic (food image characterizes the dynamics of relations between the characters). It is noted that the thought on “low functionality” of gastronomic images in a literary text, which is expressed in some research, testifies to insufficient study of such rich material. Food as a literary image, as well as the motif of food consumption in a literary text always convey semantic meaning. In the novel “The Golovlyov Family”, the words with “food” semantics serve for the formation of external, existential aspect of narration, as well as internal, psychological aspects. Images of food alongside motifs of food consumption are characterological (describing portrait of the character) to a lesser degree, and more often used for demonstrating relationships between the characters.


2020 ◽  
pp. 164-194
Author(s):  
Nataliia Nikoriak

The article under studies reveals the terminological polymodality of the concept of “cinemanovel” as a screened novel; film genre; an original narrative work that tends to a screenplay; literary text written on the basis of the film and the screenplay to it (film “novelization”). An overview of modern theoretical and practical discourse of the cinemanovel genre is presented in the paper. It has been emphasized that some researchers try to find out the origins of this genre by analyzing the samples in a comparative and intermediate way, while others focus on clarifying the specifics of individual novels, concluding on the synthetic and hybrid nature of this genre. In particular, in this aspect, the cinemanovel-prequel by A. Kokotiukha “The Red. Without a Front Line” (2019) has been analyzed. This text, based on a film screenplay, appears to be a rather complex construct that acquires a double coding – cinematic and literary – hence the genre of the novel (as a product of the synthesis of two arts) contains the key features of both. On the one hand, we have to deal with the preservation of the cinematic codes that pass from the screenplay: fragmentation, word visualization, documentalism, eventfulness, editing, alternation of angles and plans, time reduction, dialogues, character formation in action, characterization through speech, conciseness of phrases in certain scenes to create the effect of maximum tension, image condensation, accumulation of internal tension in the episode. On the other hand (as a result of the so-called “novelization”), the text acquires genre features of the novel. These are: the scale of the narration (although fragmented and condensed), the description of characters’ lives is presented in line with historical events, with the disclosure of their psychology and inner world. Finally, the work is also marked with specifically architectonic, i.e. the author connects his cinemanovels together by means of a plot, the main character and a general artistic idea.


2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
N. A. Semenova

The article discusses the functioning of phraseological units in the language of M. A. Sholokhov’s prose and their role in creating a linguistic picture of the world. The research objectives were to describe various types of phraseological units, to show the methods of introducing them into the literary text and to identify approaches used by the writer to create new phraseological units. To this end, the methods of structural-semantic, component and comparative analysis were used, along with statistical description and contextual analysis. It is concluded that phraseological units, being figuratively emotionally expressive signs of the language, reveal the figurative and artistic world of the writer. The idiostyle of M. A. Sholokhov is largely determined by the widespread use of dialect phraseology and the creation of phraseologisms – structural and semantic modifications of linguistic units and the writer’s idioms.


Author(s):  
О.В. Новикова ◽  
Н.Н. Лапынина

Статья посвящена одной из актуальных проблем современной лингвистики - функционированию онимов в художественном тексте. Авторы анализируют «информационную модель» имен персонажей в романе А. Варламова «Душа моя Павел», которая включает лингвистическую информацию о собственном имени, а также ассоциации, коннотации, которыми обладает данное имя в историческом и культурном контексте. Данная информация формирует и углубляет образ персонажа, помогает выразить авторскую идею. Исследованный материал показывает, что фамилия, имя, отчество, прозвище каждого героя А. Варламова символичны, отражают его характер, взгляды, социальный статус персонажей и их предназначение. Кроме того, взаимоотношения героев ярко раскрываются в разнообразных вокативах, представленных широким спектром обращений в виде уменьшительно-ласкательных или презрительно-ироничных, дружеских или оскорбительных форм имен, просторечных слов с различными экспрессивными оттенками, отражающих динамику развития отношений и эмоциональное состояние героев в каждый момент их жизни. Делается вывод, что имена всех героев романа являются элементами авторского замысла и ключом к смыслу художественного произведения. The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern linguistics - the functioning of onyms in a literary text. The authors analyze the «information model» of the names of the characters in A. Varlamov's novel «My Soul Pavel», which includes linguistic information about one's own name, as well as associations, connotations that this name has in the historical and cultural context. This information forms and deepens the character's image, helps to express the author's idea. The studied material shows that the surname, name, patronymic, nickname of each hero of A. Varlamov are symbolic, reflect his character, views, social status of the characters and their purpose. In addition, the relationship of the characters is vividly revealed in a variety of vocatives, represented by a wide range of references in the form of diminutive-affectionate or contemptuous-ironic, friendly or offensive forms of names, colloquial words with various expressive shades, reflecting the dynamics of the development of relationships and the emotional state of the characters at each moment of their life. It is concluded that the names of all the heroes of the novel are elements of the author's intention and the key to the meaning of the work of art.


SlavVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ИНГРИДА КИСЕЛЮТЕ

Application of The New Economic Criticism. Case of “The Raw Youth” by F. Dostoevsky. First of all Dostoevsky’s novel “The Raw Youth” attracts our attention with its abundance of themes and, as noted, big amount of research (in comparison with other works).It is interesting that in all studies and encyclopedias the main character of this novel, Arkady Dolgorukij, is said that his main idea is “to become a Rothschild.” The idea of the main character becomes a key component in understanding his actions and his main attribution. However, the idea, which is vaguely explained by the character himself at the very beginning of the work is lost not only in the further narration, but also in the generally accepted characterization of the protagonist.The article mainly analyzes the metaphorical idea of the main character of the novel “The Raw Youth” “to become a Rothschild”, and attempts to find out and show why in the history of literature the idea of the protagonist in Dostoevsky’s novel “to become a Rothschild” can be considered as a hypertextual element of entire Dostoevsky’s poetics.


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