scholarly journals Effects of Ethanol Extract of Rosa damascene on HbA1c Level and NF-κB Expression in Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Choirotussanijjah Choirotussanijjah ◽  
Harianto Notopuro ◽  
Ema Qurnianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic hyperglycemic that can cause complications in several organs. It could lead glycosylated hemoglobin or HbA1c formation which has ability undergo further changes into Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and stimulate activation of transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Some studies showed that anthocyanin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and it has been found Rosa damascene contain high level of anthocyanin. Total anthocyanin content was 0.459 ± 0.003 mg/L. The aim of this study was to investigate inhibitory effect of R. damascena extract on HbA1c levels and NF-κB activation in diabetic rats. Male wistar rats (n=24) were divided into 6 groups as normal control (KN), streptozotocin-induced diabetic control (KP), diabetic treated with R. damascene (P1, P2, P3; 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/d respectively) and diabetic treated with metformin (KM; 500 mg/kg/d). This was carried out for 28 days. The inhibition mode of R. damascene extract was examined by measuring HbA1c levels and expression of NFκB by immunohistochemistry. The results showed p values ​​> 0.05 for HbA1c and p < 0.05 for NFκB. From immunohistochemical staining, it seen the expression of NFκB was low in treated group (P1, P2, P3 and KM) compared with KP. Thus, oral administration of R. damascene extract for 28 days could not reduce HbA1c levels, but can supress NFκB expression.

scholarly journals Effects of Short Term Exposure of Atrazine on the Liver and Kidney of Normal and Diabetic Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Babu Jestadi ◽  
Alugoju Phaniendra ◽  
Undru Babji ◽  
Thupakula Srinu ◽  
Bhavatharini Shanmuganathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Group I ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The present study evaluates the effects of short term (15 days) exposure of low dose (300 μg kg−1) of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) on antioxidant status and markers of liver and kidney damage in normal (nondiabetic) and diabetic male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into four groups: Group I as normal control, Group II as atrazine treated, Group III as diabetic control, and Group IV as atrazine treated diabetic rats. Atrazine administration resulted in increased MDA concentration as well as increased activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in both liver and kidney of atrazine treated and atrazine treated diabetic rats. However, GSH level was decreased in both liver and kidney of atrazine treated and atrazine treated diabetic rats. Atrazine administration led to significant increase in liver damage biomarkers such as AST, ALT, and ALP as well as kidney damage biomarkers such as creatinine and urea in both normal and diabetic rats, but this increase was more pronounced in diabetic rats when compared to normal rats. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that short term exposure of atrazine at a dose of 300 μg kg−1could potentially induce oxidative damage in liver and kidney of both normal and diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Physical activity as a non-pharmacological and useful strategy in controlling of the apoptotic symptoms in diabetic model rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
M. Bostani ◽  
S.A. Noaein
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Bax Protein ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Background. In recent years, diabetes has become a global health problem. Apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy to reduce the diabetic-induced complications has always been of interest to researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in pan­creatic tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods. A total number of 40 male Wistar rats (10 weeks old, 200–250 gr weight) were randomly divided into healthy control (HC), healthy trained (HT), diabetic control (DC), and diabetic trained (DT) groups. Diabetes was also induced by a single intraperitoneally injection of streptozocin (45 mg/kg). The training groups performed the exercise on the treadmill for five consecutive days within six weeks. The pancreatic tissue levels of the Bax and the Bcl-2 proteins were further determined via ELISA method. Results. The results showed that the induction of diabetes had significantly decreased the levels of Bcl-2 protein and increased the levels of Bax protein and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the pancreatic tissue (p < 0.05). As well, the findings showed that six weeks of aerobic exercise training had significantly increased the levels of Bcl-2 and significantly decreased the levels of Bax protein in DT group. Also, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio reduced significantly in DT group (p < 0.05). The increase in displacement and transmission of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) that have seen in oxidative stress status, is reduced in the tissues of trained individuals which indica­ting of the inhibition in the apoptotic signaling. Conclusions. According to the results of this study, exercise can be considered as an effective strategy to reduce the rate of diabetic-induced apoptosis and control its complications.

scholarly journals Hepatic Enzyme Effects of an Imperata cylindrica Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
M. O. Nwokike ◽  
S. I. Ghasi ◽  
E. C. Ogbuagu ◽  
M. N. Ezenwaeze ◽  
Akpotu E. Ajirioghene
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study was performed to investigate the effects of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract on hepatic enzyme levels of alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Forty (48) male wistar rats were divided into six groups consisting of eight animals each. Diabetes mellitus was induced using intraperitoneal administration 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and treatment was carried out for a period of 28 days. The first group served as the normal control and received only feed and water ad libitum. In Group 2 were diabetic rats without treatment with extracts. Group 3: diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 4: diabetic rats treated with 400mg/kg aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. Group 5: diabetic rats treated with 600mg/kg ethanol extract of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extract. While Group 6 was diabetic rats treated with 0.5mg/kg Glibenclamide. The liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly (p < 0.05) changed in rats treated with Alloxan (150mg/kg b.w.) while treatment with the respective dosages of extracts significantly changed the levels of these parameters to normal. The results obtained indicate that the different doses of aqueous Imperata cylindrica root extracts were beneficial in mending damages to the liver caused by Alloxan monohydrate in the male wistar rats.

scholarly journals Glutamine or whey-protein supplementation on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Effects on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Motta Neto ◽  
Sergio Botelho Guimarães ◽  
Sônia Leite da Silva ◽  
José Napoleão da Cruz ◽  
Thiago Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cd4 Cell

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of glutamine (L-Gln) or whey-protein supplementation on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were used in the experiment. Eight rats served as baseline controls (G-1). The remaining 24 animals received alloxan 150mg/Kg intraperitonially dissolved in buffer solution and were equally distributed in 3 subgroups, upon induction of diabetes mellitus, and treated as follows: (G2): saline, 2.0ml; (G3): glutamine solution (0.7g/kg), 2.0 ml; and (G4): whey-protein (WPS) solution (0.7g/kg), 2.0 ml. All solutions were administered by daily 7:00 AM gavages during 30 days. Next, arterial blood samples (3.0 ml) were collected from anesthetized rats for CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte count through flow cytometry technology. RESULTS: CD4+ and CD8+ counts decreased significantly in all groups compared with baseline values (G1). G2 rats CD4+/CD8+ ratio decreased significantly compared with G1. CD4+/CD8+ ratio increased significantly (>260%) in L-Gln treated group (G3) compared with saline-treated rats (G2). There were no statistical differences in lymphocyte counts (CD4+ and CD8+) between L-Gln (G3) and saline-treated (G2) groups. There was a significant reduction in CD8+ cell count compared with CD4+ cell count in L-Gln treated rats (G3). CONCLUSION: The offer of L-Gln to experimental diabetic rats enhances the immunologic response to infection.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic effect of Oyster Mushroom mediates through increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and cyclic AMP-response element binding (CREB) protein in Type 2 Diabetic model Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
Manoj Mandal ◽  
Rakibuzzaman ◽  
Begum Rokeya ◽  
Liaquat Ali ◽  
Zahid Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Diabetic Model ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and c-AMP-response element binding protein (CREB) are found to be important proteins in metabolic system. AMPK has become the focus as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic syndromes. Oyster mushroom is traditionally used as remedy of diabetes and hypertension. The present study aims to observe the stimulation of AMPK and CREB in streptozotocin-induced diabetic model rats through Oyster mushroom administration. Long Evan’s rats were used to create type 2 model diabetic rats through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 90mg/kg body weight of 48hr old pups. Rats were divided into three groups: diabetic control rats, glibenclamide treated diabetic rats (positive control) and mushroom treated diabetic rats (experimental group). Mushroom was administered orally at a dose of 1.25g/kg body weight in semisolid forms. After five weeks rats were sacrificed, serum and tissues were collected for future analysis. Glucose was measured using glucose-oxidase method, lipid profile by enzymaticcolorimetric method. Proteins from different tissues were extracted using RIPA cell lysis buffer, AMPK and CREB were identified using western blot and immuno-precipitation techniques. A significant decreased of fasting glucose was found after 35 days of experiment when it compared with control diabetic rats (M ± SD, mmol/l, Diabetic control group: 8.0±1.1; Mushroom treated diabetic group: 6.4±1.0; p=0.021). Glibenclamide treated diabetic rats have also shown decreased fasting glucose compared to control diabetic rats. In paired ‘t’ test analysis, it has been found that serum fasting glucose level was significantly decreased on 35th day compared the 0 day in both mushroom treated group (p=0.027) and in glibenclamide treated group (p=0.005). Serum TG level was decreased on 35th day compared to 0day in mushroom treated diabetic model rats only (M±SD, mg/dl, 0 day: 84±13; 35th day: 61±6, p=0.002). No significant changes of cholesterol, HDL and LDL were noticed in the experimental groups following treatment with mushroom. Western blot analyses have shown increased band intensity of AMPK and p-CREB in mushroom treated diabetic model rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that Anti-hyperglycemic property of Oyster mushroom could be explained through increased expression of AMPK and activation of CREB.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.661-668

scholarly journals Impact of synbiotic diets including inulin, Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal microbiota of rat exposed to cadmium and mercury

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dornoush Jafarpour ◽  
Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghaisari ◽  
Saeid Nazifi ◽  
Javad Sajedianfard
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of two probiotics and a prebiotic (inulin) on intestinal microbiota of rats exposed to cadmium and mercury. Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups. All groups except control group were fed standard rat chow with 5% inulin and treated as follows: i) control (standard diet), ii) <em>Lactobacillus</em> <em>plantarum</em>- treated group (1×109 CFU/day), iii) <em>Bacillus</em> <em>coagulans</em>-treated group (1×109 spores/day), iv) cadmium-treated group (200 μg/rat/day), v) L. plantarum and cadmium-treated group, vi) <em>B. coagulans</em> and cadmium-treated group, vii) mercury-treated group (10 μg/rat/day), viii) <em>L. plantarum</em> and mercurytreated group, ix) <em>B. coagulans</em> and mercurytreated group. Cadmium, mercury and probiotics were daily gavaged to individual rats for 42 days. Treatment effects on intestinal microbiota composition of rats were determined. Data showed that cadmium and mercury accumulation in rat intestine affected the gastrointestinal tract and had a reduction effect on all microbial counts (total aerobic bacteria, total anaerobic bacteria, total Lactic acid bacteria, <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> counts) compared to the control group. It was also observed that application of synbiotics in synbiotic and heavy metals-treated groups had a significant effect and increased the number of fecal bacteria compared to the heavy metals groups. Based on our study, it can be concluded that <em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>B. coagulans</em> along with prebiotic inulin play a role in protection against cadmium and mercury inhibitory effect and have the potential to be a beneficial supplement in rats’ diets.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Marigold Hydroalcoholic Extract in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats: Evaluation of Cardiac and Pancreatic Biomarkers in the Serum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Ebrahimi ◽  
Saeed Shirali ◽  
Rahman Talaei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide and it is usually along with complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing and its treatment has created concerns in society. The use of herbal medicine can be helpful in the management of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of marigold hydroalcoholic extract under diabetes condition. A total of 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, diabetic control group, and groups treated with 250 or 500 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of marigold flower during four weeks. At the end of the study, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine, and sampling was performed through cardiac puncture. The results showed that treatment with marigold improved body weight. In addition, we determined that marigold normalized the level of CK-MB, total CK, amylase, and lipase in a dose-dependent manner. Probably these effects resulted from antioxidant property of marigold; thus we suggest that marigold flower can be useful for reduction of diabetes complication.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BINAHONG LEAVES ON DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devita Anggraeni ◽  
Claude Mona Airin ◽  
Slamet Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Chemical Profiles

This research aimed to study the effectiveness of ethanol extract of binahong leaves on blood glucose, insulin, blood chemical profiles (serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase=SGPT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase=SGOT, ureum, and creatinine), and skin histopathology in diabetic rat. A total of 20 male Wistar rats aged 3 months (± 250 gram) were divided into five groups, with four rats in each group. Group I (non-diabetic control) was injected with 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer, while group II (diabetic control), III, IV, and V were injected with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) at dose 40 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP). One week after the injection, the dorsal skin of the rats were excised. Group I and II were given cream topically and 1% NaCMC orally, group III was given 50% ethanol extract of binahong leaves (EEB) topically and 1% NaCMC orally, group IV was given cream topically and EEB 300 mg/kg orally, and group V was given 50% EEB topically and EEB 300 mg/kg orally. These treatments were continued for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained at the end of study to examine blood glucose, insulin, and blood chemical profiles (SGOT, SGPT, ureum, and creatinine). Examination of skin histopathology and leukocyte count were also done. The result showed that blood glucose, insulin, SGOT, SGPT, and ureum level of diabetic rats given topical or oral EEB did not significantly different from diabetic control group, even though blood glucose, insulin, SGOT, SGPT, and ureum level of diabetic rats given topical and oral EEB were found lower compared to diabetic control group. Administration of EEB 300 mg/kg orally in diabetic rats could lower creatinine level significantly (P<0.05). Histopathological examination of dorsal skin of diabetic rats which were given EEB topically showed the decrease of fibroblast proliferation, leukocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage in dermis area. Leukocyte count on skin tissue was significantly lower (P<0.05) in diabetic rats given EEB. In conclusion, topical or oral administration of EEB can help healing process in diabetic wound.

scholarly journals Effect of the Combination of Training and ERRα Inhibition on Liver Metabolism by Modulation of PDK4 and LXR-α Expression in STZ-Induced Diabetic and Healthy Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 7011-7022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes is a public health problem that affects life quality. Exercise training (ET) and controlled dietary habits improve metabolic diseases such as diabetes. The mechanisms by which exercise training ameliorate metabolic diseases are not fully clear. We designed the current study to evaluate the combination of ERRα suppression and ET effects on the expression of LXR-α, PDK4, and PPARα in healthy and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Fifty-six male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups (n = 7) as follows; control, diabetic control (a single dose of 45 mg/kg of STZ), ERRα inhibition group (received 0.48 mg/kg of XCT790), endurance training, diabetic rats which received XCT790, diabetic rats which performed endurance training, rats which received XCT790 and performed endurance training, and diabetic rats which received XCT790 and also performed endurance training. Expression of the target gene and protein was carried out on the liver tissue. Our results showed that ET significantly increased PDK4, PPARα, and ERRα expression. ERRα suppression significantly increased LXR-α and PDK4 expression in healthy rats compared to the healthy control group. In the diabetic group with ERRα suppression, LXR-α expression significantly upregulated. The combination of ET and ERRα suppression did not change LXR-α expression compared to healthy and diabetic groups (CTL/ERR), but the expression of PDK4, PPARα, and ERRα was significantly upregulated.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDAEMIC EFFECTS OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES AND STEM OF CISSUS GRACILLIS (GULL ET PERR) (VITACEAE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
OLUSAYO A SHORINWA ◽  
GORDON EI EMENU
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Objectives: This study investigated the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of the ethanol extract of the leaves and stem of Cissus gracillis on alloxan monohydrate-induced diabetic albino rats. Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening and acute toxicity were carried out. Animals were assigned into seven groups of five rats each. Groups A and B were administered 10 mg/kg each of glibenclamide and atorvastatin respectively, C, D, and E were given 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of ethanol extract of C. gracillis, respectively, daily for 21 days through oral gavage, group F was diabetic but untreated (diabetic control group), while group G was non-diabetic and untreated which served as the control group. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids/triterpenoids and carbohydrates. LD50 was above 5000 mg/kg. The extract at 500 mg/kg showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in blood glucose level when compared with the glibenclamide group on day 21. However, gradual non- significant reduction in blood glucose levels were observed in the extract treated groups on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of treatment. The administration of ethanol extract of C. gracillis to alloxan-induced diabetic rats produced a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins comparable to glibenclamide and atorvastatin. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of the leaves and stem of C. gracillis possess a mildly significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity.

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