scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Manajemen Puskemas Strategi Experiential Learning terhadap Knowledge Management Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas di Sulawesi Selatan Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Dinda Anggreni ◽  
Andi Mansur Sulolipu ◽  
Nur Ulmy Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Learning

Pendidikan dan pelatihan adalah suatu proses pembelajaran dalam organisasi yang mangarah pada perubahan sikap dan perilaku pegawai memenuhi harapan kualifikasi kerja dan tuntutan perkembangan organisasi baik internal maupun eksternal. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan metode belajar dengan strategi Experiential Learning dan Direct Learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Manajemen Puskesmas Strategi Experiential Learning Terhadap Knowledge Management Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas di Sulawesi Selatan Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Total populasi 60 responden dan sampel 30 responden sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 30 responden sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Analisis data menggunakan univariat untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik responden, analisis bivariat dan multivariate menggunakan uji t test dan kolerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh perencanaan (P1) p= 0,465>0,05, pelaksanaan (P2) p= 0,324>0,05, dan penilaian (P3) p= 0,084>0,05 strategi Experiential Learning terhadap implementasi Knowledge Management di puskesmas. Disarankan kepada peserta pelatihan dapat menambah wawasan tentang pengetahuan perencanaan (P1), pelaksanaan (P2), dan penilaian (P3) manajemen puskesmas dan mengembangkan penerapan Knowledge Management yang didapatkan di tempat pelatihan kepada karyawan puskesmas dengan membuatkan buku (modul) atau laporan untuk bahan bacaan karyawan di puskesmas.  

Student optimism – Grading of an experiential learning project

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Nawaz Ahmad ◽  
Sarwat Nauman
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Learning Projects

<p><em>In order to obtain good grades, students involve themselves in hard work according to the best of their ability, yet an experiential learning project makes it even harder to attain the grades that the students are aiming for. Researches have shown that students are generally optimistic about their grades, yet no research has been conducted in Pakistan to gauge student optimism in grades with regard to experiential learning projects. This study is an attempt to gauge an empirical attempt to gauge students’ optimism towards their grades in an experiential learning project. A sample of 106 students is obtained via purposive sampling technique enrolled in the same university and same course. After being involved in an experiential learning project, they were asked their expected marks which were compared later with their actually obtained marks. Pair sample t-test is applied to figure out whether the average of perceived marks is statistically different than the average of actually obtained marks. The average of expected marks exceeds by 2.14 which is statistically significant at 99.9% confidence interval.</em></p>

scholarly journals Training interns in nutrition and dietetics: a cross-sectional study of the barriers and motivators to being a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist preceptor

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Hutchins ◽  
Donna M. Winham ◽  
Jinette P. Fellows ◽  
Michelle M. Heer
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Registered Dietitian ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entry Level

Abstract Background As is common across the health professions, training of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) requires experiential learning for interns/students to gain skills and demonstrate entry-level competency. Preceptors are essential to the experiential learning component of health care professional training, providing supervision and mentoring as students and interns gain the skills required for entry-level practice competency. Over the past 27 years, 47–73% of applicants to dietetic internships have received a placement. Practitioners willing to volunteer as preceptors are needed to generate more internship or experiential learning opportunities for the profession to continue to meet workforce demands. Methods The objective of this national-level online cross-sectional survey was to identify perceptions and attitudes associated with the preceptor role and incentives that might encourage precepting by current RDNs. A random sample of RDN and Nutrition and Dietetic Technicians, Registered (NDTR) professionals from the Commission on Dietetic Registration credentialed practitioner database were eligible to participate in the online survey. The main outcome measures included perceptions, attitudes, and preferred incentives to precept compared by preceptor experience categories (current, former, never precepted). Comparisons of perceptions, attitudes, and preferred incentives were made between preceptor experience categories using Chi-square and ANOVA. Results Of 2464 invitations, 308 participants had complete variables for analysis. Top incentives were the opportunity to earn continuing education units (65.9%) and having expenses paid to attend a national conference (49.5%). Significantly more (P < 0.001) “former” and “never” preceptors reported the ability to choose when to take an intern, training on how to teach and communicate with interns, and access to an “on-call” specialist as incentives compared to “current” preceptors. Significantly more (P < 0.01) “never” preceptors reported training on internship expectations and the ability to provide input on intern selection process as incentives compared to “current” or “former” preceptors. Conclusions Incentives to serve as a preceptor differ based on “current”, “former”, or “never” precepted status. Promoting and strategizing solutions to the current imbalance between the greater number of dietetic internship applicants compared to preceptors should be targeted based on preceptor status to retain current preceptors, encourage former preceptors to return and recruit professionals who have never served.

Impact of Voice and Swallowing Problems in the Elderly

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P50-P50
Author(s):  
Richard Turley ◽  
Seth M Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
Barriers To Treatment ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swallowing Problems

Objective 1) Evaluate the prevalence of and quality of life impact of voice and swallowing problems in the elderly. 2) Determine treatment trends and barriers to treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study of independent living residents in 2 retirement communities. Main outcome measures include prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia, Voice Related Quality of Life (VRQOL), 7-point Likert scale of dysphagia severity, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and barriers to treatment. Relationship between continuous variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation and between categorical and continuous variables with a t-test. Results 248 residents responded, with a mean age of 82.4 years. 19.8% had dysphonia, 13.7% dysphagia, and 6% both. Respondents with more severe swallowing difficulty had greater impairment on the VRQOL (p = 0.04, Spearman correlation = −0.4). Respondents with both dysphonia and dysphagia had greater depression scores than those with neither symptom (mean CES-D score 15.5 versus 9.9, p = 0.008, t-test). While 75% of respondents with dysphonia were interested in treatment, only 20.4% and 2.1% had sought treatment for dysphonia and dysphagia, respectively. Being unaware of treatment options, and viewing voice and swallowing trouble as a normal part of aging, were the two most common reasons for not seeking treatment. Conclusions Voice and swallowing problems are common in the elderly but they are not realizing potential treatment benefits. Improved health care services for voice and swallowing problems in the elderly are essential.

Knowledge Management and Continuous Improvement in a Private University from Lima, Peru [Gestión del Conocimiento y Mejora Continua en una Universidad Privada de Lima, Perú]

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Victoria Ysabel Bringas Rios
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

Knowledge management and continuous improvement are key success factors that are applied in organizations independently; However, there is a significant relationship between the two, therefore organizations that seek to be leaders in their sector must analyze them together. Considering that universities have a leading role and must transcend the expectations of our society, I have considered it pertinent to carry out this article whose purpose is to establish the relationship between Knowledge Management and Continuous Improvement in a Private University from Lima, Peru. It has a quantitative approach because statistical analysis was used to test what was established in the hypotheses. The design is non-experimental, cross-sectional, since information is presented as it occurs in reality and in a given time, it is transectional, correlational, because it measures and evaluates the relationship between the variables. The sample is made up of 45 individuals between heads of areas and school coordinators, to whom a questionnaire with 32 questions was applied, whose data were processed in the statistical program SPSS version 25. Finally, the significant relationship between management of the knowledge and continuous improvement, obtaining a Spearman Rho, 0.730, at the 1% level of significance. Likewise, the findings affirm that the phases of creating, storing, applying and transferring knowledge also have a significant relationship with continuous improvement.

PERBEDAAN PROFIL HEMATOLOGI ANTARA SEROTIPE DENGUE PADA PASIEN YANG TERINFEKSI DENGUE DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK PROVINSI LAMPUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Tusy Triwahyuni ◽  
Tony Prasetia ◽  
Rizka Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hematology Analyzer

Infeksi dengue merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang terjadi di Indonesia. Terdapat 4 serotipe dengue, yaitu DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, dan DENV-4. Empat serotipe tersebut mirip secara antigenetik. Penelitian yang telah ada menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda terhadap faktor penjangkitan infeksi dengue, salah satunya karena faktor populasi serotipe tiap daerah yang bermacam-macam, oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan penelitian di Bandar Lampung untuk melihat keragaman serotipe virus Dengue dan perbandingannya terhadap profil hematologi pasien yang terinfeksi Dengue. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah perbandingan profil hematologi antara serotipe virus dengue pada pasien yang terinfeksi dengue. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien terdiagnosis infeksi dengue di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung yang berjumlah 37 orang. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini pada pemeriksaan profil hematologi dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat hematology analyzer dan serotipe dengue dilakukan dengan RT-PCR di laboratorium. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian didapatkan dominasi jumlah leukosit diantara 4000-15000 (sel/µl), nilai hematokrit diaantara 37-52% dan kadar hemoglobin diantara 11,5-18 g/dL. Hasil uji Independent T-test terhadap nilai hematokrit dan kadar hemoglobin pada masing-masing serotipe dengue menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dengan nilai p>0,05. Hasil uji Mann Whitney yang membandingkan masing-masing serotipe terhadap jumlah leukosit juga menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dengan nilai p>0,05. Tidak ada perbandingan yang signifikan pada masing masing serotipe virus dengue terhadap jumlah leukosit, nilai hematokrit maupun kadar hemoglobin.

scholarly journals Association between normative and perceived esthetic results after treatment of mandibular retrognathism

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauco André MARQUES ◽  
Carolina Carmo de MENEZES ◽  
Giovana Cherubini VENEZIAN ◽  
José Fernando Castanha HENRIQUES ◽  
Silvia Amélia Scudeler VEDOVELLO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Patient Perception ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

Abstract Introduction This cross-sectional study aimed to associate the normative cephalometric results of mandibular retrognathism treatment with patient perception on the esthetic improvement of facial profile. Objective this cross-sectional study aimed to associate the normative cephalometric results of mandibular retrognathism treatment with patient perception on the esthetic improvement of facial profile. Material and method The normative cephalometric results were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs of a sample of 24 Class II malocclusion patients in the pubertal growth spurt. Such patients were treated with a mandibular advancement device and evaluated by comparing pre- and post-treatment variables. The same radiographs were used to produce standardized black silhouettes that were randomly arranged. Patients were instructed to choose their preferred profile and indicate the changes perceived using a 7-point Likert scale. The data were compared with cephalometric results using a mixed-model methodology for time-repeated measures, Student’s t-test, and t-test for heterogeneous variances, at 5% significance level. Result A rate of 75% of patients preferred post-treatment silhouettes and changes were perceived regardless of the choice of either pre- or post-treatment profile. There was no significant difference between the cephalometric variables of the tracings that produced the silhouettes considered better or worse after the evaluation. Conclusion There was no association between the cephalometric results after treatment and the perception of esthetic improvement by patients treated for mandibular retrognathia.

scholarly journals PEMERIKSAAN TINGKAT sdLDL SERUM SEBAGAI PETANDA DIAGNOSTIK STENOSIS KORONER (Serum sdLDL Level as A Diagnostic Marker of Coronary Stenosis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Indranila K Samsuria ◽  
Laily Adninta
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Coronary Stenosis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Vascular Stenosis

Small dense LDL (sdLDL) is the LDL which particles are small and dense, it is pro-atherogenic. Increased levels of serum sdLDL areassociated with an increased risk of coronary stenosis. The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic value of sd LDL in coronarystenosis. An analytical observational study with cross sectional approach was conducted at the Department of Clinical Pathology, MedicalFaculty of Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital and the Unit of Cardiac diseases during the period of March-October 2013. Thesubjects were 39 patients suspected of suffering a coronary stenosis. The diagnosis of coronary stenosis, degree of stenosis and numberof vascular stenosis was established at the time of cardiac catheterization. SdLDL assessment used a test kit. The statistical analysis usedwere unpaired t-test, Spearman correlation test, ROC analysis and diagnostic test. LDL levels in stenosis subjects, 35.4±9.01 mg/dL weresignificantly higher compared to levels in subjects that had no stenosis, 20.7±7.10 mg/dL (p<0.001; unpaired t-test). Correlation testresults showed a correlation between levels of serum sdLDL with severe degree of stenosis (correlation coefficient -0.64, p <0.001) and amoderate positive correlation between the number of vascular stenosis (Coefficient correlation 0.46; p=0.003; Spearman Correlation’sTest). The area under the curve of ROC was 0.9 (p <0.001). The cut off levels sdLDL were used to detect stenosis. The results showeda sensitivity of 85.2%, specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 88.5%, negative predictive value of 69.2% and accuracy of 82%.Levels of serum sdLDL were associated with severe to extensive stenosis degree, and showed a good diagnostic value, thus, it can beused for screening to determine the presence of coronary stenosis.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TEKANAN DARAH SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH TERPAPAR KEBISINGAN DI AREA FABRIKASI BAJA GRESIK TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohmatul Ummah ◽  
Winarko . ◽  
Rusmiati .
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paired Sample

Kebisingan sebagai suara yang tidak dikehendaki bersumber proses produksi dan atau alat-alat kerja yang pada tingkat tertentu dapat menimbulkan gangguan pendengaran (auditory) dan gangguan non pendengaran (non auditory). Gangguan non pendengaran (non auditory) salah satunya berupa peningkatan sistem kardiovaskuler yang dapat menyebabkan naiknya tekanan darah sistole dan diastole. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tekanan darah pekerja sebelum dan sesudah terpapar kebisingan di area fabrikasi baja Gresik.Rancang bangun penelitian ini termasuk jenis observasional dengan pendekatan waktu pengumpulann dilakukan secara cross sectional. Besar sampel sebanyak 28 pekerja diambail secara random dari 30 pekerja. Data dikupulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan pengukuran Data yang yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS melalui uji T (Paired Sample T-Test) alpha 0,05.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas kebisingan di area fabrikasi baja melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) yaitu sebesar 85 dBA, ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara tekanan darah sistole dan diastole sebelum terpapar kebisingan dengan tekanan darah sistole dan diastole sesudah terpapar kebisingan dengan nilai nilai P = 0,000 (P 0,05) dan secara diskriptif tekanan darah tidak memenuhi syarat dipengaruhi oleh umur dan masa kerja, sedangkan kebiasaan kebiasaan merokok dan minuman beralkohol tidak berpengaruh.     Disarankan kepada perusahaan untuk melakukan pengendalian sumber kebisingan dan mewanjibkankan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri  serta memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan kepada tenaga kerja mengenai kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja, mengingat tingkat kesadaran tenaga kerja mengenai pentingnya keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja masih kurang.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN HASIL KUESIONER GERD-Q DAN GEJALA GERD PADA KELOMPOK YANG MENJALANKAN PUASA RAMADHAN DAN TIDAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Ivan Buntara ◽  
Yohanes Firmansyah ◽  
Hendsun Hendsun ◽  
Ernawati Su
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Alternative Test

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a form of gastrointestinal motility disorder, where stomach contents reenter the esophagus and oral cavity, causing symptoms and complications. GERD is a condition that is quite often experienced, where the prevalence estimated at 8 - 33% worldwide. One of the suspected cause of  GERD is Ramadan fasting, which has been routinely carried out by Muslim groups. This study aims to prove whether Ramadan fasting triggers GERD. A cross-sectional study (survey) conducted online via Google form on the last three days of the fasting month (21 May 2020 - 23 May 2020). The variables in this study were respondents who fasted Ramadan and those who did not fast, also the total value of the GERD-Q questionnaire along with the final conclusions. Statistical analysis using Chi square with Yates Correction and Independent T-test with Mann Whitney Alternative Test. 311 respondents met the inclusion criteria. The results of Mann Whitney statistical test found that there was no difference in the mean value of the total GERD-Q questionnaire between the fasting and non-fasting groups (p-value: 0.313). Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction results found no significant relationship between fasting and incidence of GERD (p-value: 0.552), although clinically there was a possibility of fasting had a risk of 1,228 (95% CI: 0.772 -2,088) times to trigger GERD incident.as Conclusion, Ramadan fasting has not been shown to improve GERD symptoms. Further research needs to be done through longitudinal studies. Keywords: GERD; digestion; Ramadan fastingABSTRAKGastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) merupakan suatu bentuk gangguan motilitas saluran cerna, dimana isi lambung masuk kembali ke dalam esofagus dan rongga mulut, sehingga menyebabkan gejala dan komplikasi. GERD merupakan kondisi yang cukup sering dialami, dimana prevalensinya diperkirakan mencapai 8 – 33% di seluruh dunia. Salah satu faktor yang diperkirakan sebagai penyebab GERD adalah puasa Ramadhan yang selama ini rutin dijalankan oleh kelompok Muslim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah puasa Ramadhan mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Penelitian potong lintang (survei) yang dilaksanakan secara online melalui google form pada tiga hari terakhir bulan puasa Ramadhan 2020 (21 Mei 2020 – 23 Mei 2020). Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah responden yang berpuasa Ramadhan maupun yang tidak berpuasa Ramadhan dan nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q beserta kesimpulan akhir dari kuesioner GERD-Q. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji statistik Chi square with Yates Correction dan Independent T-test dengan Uji Alternatif Mann Whitney. 311 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil uji statistik Mann Whitney tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q antara kelompok yang berpuasa dan tidak berpuasa (p-value : 0,313). Hasil uji statistik Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction didapatkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara berpuasa dengan kejadian GERD (p-value : 0,552), walaupun secara klinis ditemukan adanya kemungkinan yang berpuasa lebih berisiko 1,228 (CI 95% : 0,772 -2,088) kali untuk mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Sebagai kesimpulan, Puasa Ramadhan tidak terbukti meningkatkan gejala-gejala GERD. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut melalui studi longitudinal untuk tindak lanjut hasil penelitian ini.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Laktat Serial Syok Terkompensasi dengan Syok Dekompensasi pada Sindrom Syok Dengue

Sari Pediatri ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Ivan Haria Chandra ◽  
Rinang Mariko ◽  
Firman Arbi
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling

Latar belakang. Tahapan syok sindrom syok dengue (SSD) menurut WHO terbagi dua, yaitu SSD terkompensasi dan dekompensasi. Pada SSD terjadi gangguan perfusi yang mengakibatkan hipoksia jaringan dan peningkatan produksi laktat. Kadar laktat darah dapat digunakan sebagai marker yang dapat membedakan severitas infeksi dengue.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan laktat serial syok terkompensasi dan syok dekompensasi pada pasien SSD. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada Januari 2016-Januari 2017 di bangsal anak RSUP Dr. M Djamil. Sampel dikumpulkan secara consecutive sampling. Sampel dibagi atas dua kelompok, yaitu SSD terkompensasi dan dekompensasi. Setiap sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan laktat secara serial dengan alat Accutrend lactate meter, yaitu pada jam ke-0(L1), ke-6(L2), ke-12 (L3), dan ke-24 (L4). Kadar Laktat disebut hiperlaktatemia bila didapatkan nilai >2 mmol/L. Data dianalisis dengan t-test independen.Hasil. Sampel 40 orang, setiap kelompok 20 sampel. Kadar laktat tertinggi terdapat pada L1. Peningkatan kadar laktat darah pada kelompok SSD terkompensasi dan dekompensasi berturut turut mencapai 4,7+0,97 mmol/L dan 6+1,64 mmol/L. Perbandingan kedua kelompok didapatkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) pada rerata kadar laktat darah L1. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna kedua kelompok pada rerata kadar laktat darah L2, L3,L4 (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Kadar laktat didapatkan hiperlaktemia pada setiap pemeriksaan laktat serial. Rerata kadar laktat pada kelompok SSD dekompensasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan terkompensasi dengan perbedaan yang bermakna dan didapatkan pada awal penerimaan di rumah sakit.

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