scholarly journals Changes of caprine (Capra hircus) blood during prolong storage for transfusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Jahan ◽  
M. R. Munir ◽  
M. Sohag ◽  
M. M. Alam ◽  
M. R. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Group B ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Background: This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of acid citrate dextrose (ACD) and citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-1 (CPDA-1) on the keeping qualities of various haematological and biochemical parameters of caprine blood during long time preservation and storage for transfusion. Methods: Sixteen healthy goats were selected and divided into 2 equal groups (A, n=8 and B, n=8). Fifty ml of blood was collected from each goat and preserved with ACD for group A (n=8) and CPDA-1 for group B (n=8). All the samples were stored at 40C in refrigerator for 28 days. The recorded blood parameters include total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leucocyte count (TLC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total protein (TP) and pH. The blood parameters were analyzed immediately after collection and thereafter on day-1, day-3, day-7, day-14, day-21 and day-28 for both the groups. Results: In both groups, the TEC, TLC, Hb and PCV values were decreased gradually from day-1 onward. In ACD preserved blood, the control values of TEC (11.27±0.26 million/cumm), TLC (8.85±0.22 thousand/cumm), Hb (8.61±0.13 g/dl) and PCV (30.75±0.59%) were decreased to TEC (9.21±0.38 million/cumm), TLC (7.58±0.10 thousand/cumm), Hb (7.03±0.06 g/dl) and PCV (22.25±0.53%) respectively on day-7 which was statistically significant (p‹0.05). However, the gradual decrease in the parameters was also noticed from day-7 onward. On the other hand, in case of CPDA-1 preserved blood, the control values of TEC (11.88±0.28 million/cumm), TLC (8.91±0.26 thousand/cumm), Hb (8.91±0.42 g/dl) and PCV (32.13±0.79%) were found decreasing slightly with the progression of the preservation period, but the changes were statistically significant (p‹0.05) on day-21 [TEC (8.06±0.22 million/cumm), TLC (6.28±0.34 thousand/cumm), Hb (6.28±0.16 g/dl) and PCV (25.02±0.46%) respectively] and onward. Changes in the TP and pH values were also noticed in both the groups during the experiment but CPDA-1 group showed less alteration than ACD group as compared to the control values. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that CPDA-1 can be used for storing caprine blood longer period for transfusion in comparison to ACD with greater RBC viability.

scholarly journals Effects of Anticoagulants and Storage on Granulocyte Function in Bank Blood

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey McCullough ◽  
Sandra J. Carter ◽  
Paul G. Quie
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Bactericidal Assay ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Granulocyte Function ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Citrate Phosphate ◽  
Bank Blood

Abstract Storage of granulocytes for transfusion has not been practical because it has been considered that granulocyte function in bank blood is retained for only a few hours after collection. In the present study, granulocyte function was evaluated using the bactericidal assay and the quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method. Granulocytes from whole blood collected into acid citrate dextrose (ACD), citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD), heparin, ion exchange, and sodium citrate anticoagulants showed no functional impairment after 24 hr of storage at 4°C. With further storage, all granulocytes showed a loss of NBT activity. However, after 48 and 72 hr, granulocytes from whole blood stored in ACD and CPD killed the expected number of bacteria in the bactericidal assay. Thus, when tested in vitro, granulocytes maintain normal function, at least during the first 24 hr after collection when stored in certain anticoagulants under standard blood bank conditions.

Effect of Vial shaking on Loading Time of Epirubicin into Drug-Eluting Bead

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ikeda ◽  
Yusuke Kawamura ◽  
Masahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Taito Fukushima ◽  
Yushi Sorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Vortex Mixer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Background: Although DC Bead has been useful in treatment of multiple and large hepatocellular carcinoma, loading time of doxorubicin into the DC Bead takes a long time of 30-120 minutes. Epirubicin is also used as an antitumor agent together with DC Bead, but its loading efficiency was not sufficiently elucidated. Methods: To shorten loading time of epirubicin into DC Bead (100-300µm, 300-500µm, 500-700µm), we examined the following three methods after mixing the drug: (a) let stand in room temperature, (b) agitated for 30 seconds with Vortex mixer, and (c) sonicated for 30 seconds with ultrasonic cleaner. After loading of epirubicin by each method, supernatant concentration for epirubicin was assayed at 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Results: Epirubicin loading rates for small bead (100-300µm) at 5 minutes were 82.9 % in group a, 93.8% in group b, and 79.9 % in group c. Similarly, medium bead (300-500µm), 40.1% in group a, 65.7% in group b and 45.5% in group c, respectively. In large-sized bead (500-700µm), loaded rates of epirubicin were 38.8% in group a, 59.0% in group b and 48.0% in group c. Agitation of mixture of epirubicin and DC Bead with Vortex mixer significantly shortened the loading time, but sonication did not affect the time required. Microscopic examination did not lead to any morphological change of microspheres in all the methods. Conclusions: Short time of agitation with Vortex mixer reduced the necessary time for loading of epirubicin in every standard of DC Bead.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of late diastolic tissue doppler parameters after onset of STEMI: from the view point of the timing of the echocardipography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Iwahashi ◽  
J Kirigaya ◽  
M Horii ◽  
T Abe ◽  
E Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Atrial Function ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background The early transmitral flow velocity (E) divided by the early diastolic velocity of the mitral valve annulus (e') is referred to as the “E/e' ratio,” is useful even for ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the role of late diastolic velocity (a') which reveals the atrial function for STEMI is still unclear. Objectives We evaluated the clinical usefulness of tissue Doppler including atrial function for a first-time STEMI by long time follow up. Furthermore, we evaluated the meaning of each parameters by performing immediately after PCI or 2 weeks later. Methods We treated consecutive 571 first-time STEMI patients by immediate PCI within 12 hours after onset, and we examined 270 patients at immediately after PCI (GroupA, 65 years, 250 male) and 301 patients at 2 weeks after onset (GroupB, 64 years, 243 male). We examined trans mitral flow and TDI, then defined E/e' as LV filling pressure and A/a' as left atrial function. We followed them for a long time (>5 years). The primary end point (PE) was cardiac death or re-admission for heart failure (HF). Results We followed the patients in Group A for 10 years, Group B for 5 years. PE occurred in 64 patients in GroupA during 10 years, and 45 patients in GroupB during 5 years. We analyzed the univariate and multivariate Cox hazard analyses and we compared e' and a', E/e' and A/a' (Table). In GroupA, a' and A/a' were the independent predictors, on the other hand neither a' nor A/a' were the predictors in GroupB. E/e' was an independent predictor both in GroupA and B. Conclusion TDI parameters have different meanings by the timing of echocardiography after onset of a first-time STEMI. These results demonstrated that atrial dysfunction immediately after onset of STEMI suggests the poor prognosis after STEMI. Cox Hazard Proportional Analysis Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Analisis Postur Kerja Operator dengan Metode Rula di Area Gas Cutting

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Irwan Pegiardi ◽  
Firdanis Setyaning Handika ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Work Posture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The gas cutting area has several jobs that are risky to the operator, such as activities with squatting, bending positions. This study aims to determine the risk of work in the gas cutting area as a basis for improving work posture. The method used is RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) is a research method for investigating disorders of the upper limbs. By measuring the group A score and group B score. Based on the results of the RULA value in the process of operating the machine with a sitting position with a score 3. clearing the cutting plate with a bent position with a score of 5, and the highest score 6 in the grinding plate cutting. To reduce pain in the neck, torso, and arms, operators should not do work postures that cause pain in the body for a long time.

Preparation of optically clear lyophilized human serum for use in preparing control material.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Proksch ◽  
D P Bonderman
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Quality Control Material ◽  
Control Material ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Abstract We describe a simple, rapid process--which includes the specific precipitation of pre-beta and beta-lipoproteins with dextran sulfate and divalent metal ions--for preparing an optically clear human serum that retains its clarity upon reconstitution with water after having been frozen and lyophilized. Such serum contains the normal constituents of human serum, except for the removed lipoproteins. The process causes no apparent interference with results of analyses for 22 of the more commonly measured constituents. Fresh or aged pooled serum or blood-bank plasma containing acid-citrate-dextrose or citrate-phosphate-dextrose are equally suitable as raw materials. This stabilized serum is an excellent matrix for use in preparing standards and quality-control material for assay of components of human serum.

Effectiveness of training programmes used in two stables of thoroughbred race horses

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Szarska ◽  
A. Cywińska ◽  
P. Ostaszewski ◽  
A. Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Group B ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Gps System ◽  
Race Horses

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the training methods used in two stables and their effects on selected blood parameters and race results. A total number of 36 thoroughbred race horses was examined in two groups, trained by two trainers. Twenty-four horses (group A) were trained at Sluzewiec and the remaining twelve horses (group B) were kept and trained in a private stable. The experiment lasted for five months. The activities of CPK (creatine phosphokinase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and the concentration of LA (lactic acid) were determined. The speed was controlled and recorded by a Garmin GPS system. The analysis of the General Handicap rating demonstrated that the training methods used in stable A were more effective and resulted in better classification of these horses. Training methods in both stables were evaluated and compared on the basis of maximal speeds during training sessions and related post exercise LA concentrations. The main differences between training methods used in both stables concerned the workload and the time of work with the rider. Analysis of the values measured in individual horses from stable B have shown that AST and CK activities were high not only in all young, 2-year-old horses but also in three older ones. This seems to confirm the lack of balance and proper movement coordination in these horses, resulting in high activities of muscle enzymes.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Taalishadi Churna Compared with Sitopaladi Churna in the Management of Kasa

2021 ◽  
pp. 463-470
Author(s):  
Sirjana Shrestha ◽  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Sabbu Thasineku ◽  
Jitendra Shrestha ◽  
D.L. Bharkher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lottery System

Introduction: Kasa is a Vata-kapha pradhana disease, caused due to Vata vimargagaman and Pranavaha shrotodusti. Due to the various similarities in its clinical presentation, Kasa can be correlated with cough (bronchitis). According to National center for health statistics, 62 million cases of common cold and cough occurs each year. Methodology: A total of 44 patients diagnosed as Kasa were randomly divided as per the lottery system of randomization. The patients of Group A were given 5 gram of Sitopaladi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of Group B were given 5 gram of Taalishadi Churna twice a day for 30 days. The patients of both the groups were supposed to follow the dietary and behavioural advices. The response of the drug was assessed at pre-treatment and post-treatment time. Results: There was equal significant change in all of the Roga bala, Agni bala and Deha bala parameters by both Sitopaladi and Taalishadi Churna. It was revealed that all other blood parameters except Hb, TLC and Neutrophil count used in the study were not significant in both the groups. Both drugs were found equally highly significant (p< 0.0001) in Sushka kasa and Swarabheda. Sitopaladi churna was more effective in relieving Hritparswashool (p=0.002) whereas Taalishadi churna is more effective in reducing Pitanisthivanam (p=0.007). In case of Nirghosh, Sitopaladi churna was more effective (p<0.0001). On the other hand, Taalishadi churna was more effective in relieving Peenasa (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both Sitopaladi Churna and Taalishadi Churna were found to be equally effective in the treatment of Kasa.

scholarly journals Serum testosterone concentration in surgically castrated Black Bengal goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hasan ◽  
MAH Miah ◽  
TA Rosy ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
NS Juyena
Keyword(s):  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The experiment was carried out to detect the blood serum testosterone concentration after orchiectomy in Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus). Twelve apparently healthy bucks of 8 - 10 months old were randomly divided into two groups. Group A were castrated surgically through open uncover method and group B remained intact. Local analgesia (2% lidocaine hydrochloride) @ 0.5 mL per spermatic cord and 0.5 mL at the tip of each scrotum were applied initially in all bucks. After aseptic preparation, incision was given at the tip of the scrotum and tunica vaginalis was incised to exteriorize the testis. Anchoring was done at the spermatic cord followed by orchiectomy. The scrotal raphe was incised to reach the other testis and the same procedure was followed. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein before orchiectomy and on day 30. In the castrated bucks, serum testosterone concentration was significantly (P<0.01) decreased from day 0 (6.1 ± 0.2 ng/mL) to day 30 (0.6 ± 0.0 ng/mL), which confirmed the efficacy of castration.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 2, 71-77

Studies on a ph related zone phenomenon in erythrocytes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
Alan H. Timme
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Unit Membrane ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Charged Membrane ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Phosphate ◽  
Positively Charged

In 1967 Baker reported the occurrence of a zone of dense material adjacent to the inner leaflet of the unit membrane of erythrocytes exposed to buffers with a pH 4.5. It was postulated that this arose because the haemoglobin, positively charged at that pH, was attracted to the negatively charged membrane.In an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of the zone, fresh human erythrocytes were washed for 15 minutes at room temperature in citrate phosphate buffers in which the pH ranged from 4.0 - 7.4, or in a standard preservative solution, Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD), pH 5.0. Paired samples were subsequently washed in buffer at pH 7.4 for 10 minutes to assess the possible reversibility of any changes produced. The cells were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m cacodylate buffer at the same pH as the washing buffer for one hour and then processed in two ways: Some were post-fixed in OSO4, The cells were stained with 0.5 - 1% Alcian Blue 8 G S in cacodylate buffer pH 7.0 for 15 - 30 minutes.

Comparison of Allopurinol And Febuxostat in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemic Patients and their Impact on Serum Creatinine

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Tafazzul Hussain ◽  
Musarrat Sultana ◽  
Syeda Amber Zaidi ◽  
Syed Saud Hasan ◽  
Mohsin Turab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To determine the effect of Allopurinol & Febuxostat for the treatment of hyperuricemic patients & its influence on renal function by measuring serum creatinine level. Study Design & setting: The clinical trial was conducted at Dr. Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, during the period of September 2018 to March 2019 Methodology: 60 patients with sUA > 6.8 mg/dl were registered. A detailed history was taken, patient's baseline serum Uric Acid (sUA) & serum Creatinine were measured. Patients were divided into two groups to receive Allopurinol, 300 mg & Febuxostat 80 mg, daily for 90-days. The blood parameters were repeated at day 30 and 90. Results: Group-A (Allopurinol treated patients) baseline uric acid changed from mean 8.79 ± 0.98 mg/dl to 6.40 ± 0.86 mg/dl at day 90. In Group-B (Febuxostat treated patients) sUA baseline mean changed from 8.85 ± 0.97 mg/dl to 5.96 ± 0.68 mg/dl. Mean difference ± SD change of serum uric acid in Group-A was 2.39 ± 1.15 mg/dl and with Group-B it was 2.90 ± 0.87 mg/dl. Mean Serum Creatinine in Group-A changed from 1.54 ± 0.39 mg/dl to mean 1.48 ± 0.40 mg/dl compared with Group-B where it changed from 1.42 ± 0.30 mg/dl to 1.45 ± 0.31 mg/dl at day-90. Mean difference ± SD of serum Creatinine in Group-A was 0.11 ± 0.25 mg/dl & in Group-B it was, 0.03 ± 0.15 mg/dl. The above changes were statistically non-significant with p-value of 0.144. Conclusion: Allopurinol and Febuxostat treatment resulted in improvement of serum Uric Acid levels while maintaining their renal function

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