scholarly journals The Influence of Single and Double Steel Plate Hardness on Fracture Behavior after Ballistic Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Helmy Purwanto ◽  
Rudy Soenoko ◽  
Anindito Purnowidodo ◽  
Agus Suprapto
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Rear Part ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Full Metal Jacket ◽  
Normal Angle ◽  
Ballistic Testing

This study aims to determine the ballistic characteristics of the two steel plates with different hardness levels and mix in the form of layered in non-permanent constructions. Ballistic testing by caliber 5.56 × 45 mm deformed full metal jacket on a sample plate with each a thickness of 6 mm at a distance of 15 m with a normal angle of attack. The results of ballistic testing on both single plates are they can be pierced by a projectile. While for the layered plate, projectile can only penetrate the front side of the plate. The characteristic of each hole that is formed shows the difference caused by the level of hardness of the plate. On the rear part of the plate, a bulge appears because of an impact from the front side of the plate. In the Soft Plate appear high petals around the hole on the front side with the microstructure deformed on the crater walls. While the hard plate forms small petals on the back side and slightly deformed crater walls. The Soft plate is perforated due to deformation with petaling and fragmentation mechanism, while the hard plate is perforated due to plugging mechanism and adiabatic shear band and cracked.

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT FRACTURE MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION TO ULTRA HEAVY THICK STEEL PLATE USED FOR SHIPBUILDING

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (31n32) ◽  
pp. 5483-5488 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUN CHAN JANG ◽  
YOUNGSEOG LEE ◽  
GYU BAEK AN ◽  
JOON SIK PARK ◽  
JONG BONG LEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Propagation Direction ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Crack Propagation Direction ◽  
Thick Steel ◽  
Crack Initiation Criterion

In this study, experimental and numerical studies were performed to examine the effects of thickness of steel plate on the arrest fracture toughness. The ESSO tests were performed with the steel plates having temperature gradient along the crack propagation direction. A temperature dependent crack initiation criterion was proposed as well. A series of three-dimensional FEA was then carried out to simulate the ESSO test while the thickness of the steel plate varies. Results reveal that a temperature dependent brittle criterion proposed in this study can describe the fracture behavior properly.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding of Thick High-Mn Steel Plate for Cryogenic Tank Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Du-Song Kim ◽  
Hee-Keun Lee ◽  
Woo-Jae Seong ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Lee ◽  
Hee-Seon Bang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Hybrid Welding ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Mn Steel

The International Maritime Organization has recently updated the ship emission standards to reduce atmospheric contamination. One technique for reducing emissions involves using liquefied natural gas (LNG). The tanks used for the transport and storage of LNG must have very low thermal expansion and high cryogenic toughness. For excellent cryogenic properties, high-Mn steel with a complete austenitic structure is used to design these tanks. We aim to determine the optimum welding conditions for performing Laser-MIG (Metal Inert Gas) hybrid welding through the MIG leading and laser following processes. A welding speed of 100 cm/min was used for welding a 15 mm thick high-Mn steel plate. The welding performance was evaluated through mechanical property tests (tensile and yield strength, low-temperature impact, hardness) of the welded joints after performing the experiment. As a result, it was confirmed that the tensile strength was slightly less than 818.4 MPa, and the yield strength was 30% higher than base material. The low-temperature impact values were equal to or greater than 58 J at all locations in the weld zone. The hardness test confirmed that the hardness did not exceed 292 HV. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to use laser-MIG hybrid welding on thick high-Mn steel plates.

Effect of Flaw Dimensions on Ductile Fracture Behavior of Non-Aligned Multiple Flaws in a Plate

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumasa Miyazaki ◽  
Kunio Hasegawa ◽  
Koichi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Ductile Fracture ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Fracture Tests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Maximum Minimum

The fitness-for-service codes require the characterization of non-aligned multiple flaws for flaw evaluation, which is performed using a flaw proximity rule. Worldwide, almost all such codes provide their own proximity rule, often with unclear technical bases of the application of proximity rule to ductile or fully plastic fracture. In particular, the effect of flaw dimensions of multiple surface flaws on fully plastic fracture of non-aligned multiple flaws had not been clear. To clarify the effect of the difference of part through-wall and through-wall flaws on the behavior of fully plastic fracture, the fracture tests of flat plate specimens with non-aligned multiple part through-wall flaws were conducted. When the flaw depth a was shallow with 0.4 in ratio of a to thickness t, the maximum load Pmax occurred at penetration of multiple flaws and the effect of vertical distance of non-aligned multiple flaws H on Pmax was not so significant. However, when flaw depth was deep with 0.8 in a/t, Pmax occurred after penetration of flaws and the effect of H on Pmax could be seen clearly. It was judged that the through-wall flaw tests were appropriate for discussion of the effect of H on Pmax and the alignment rule of multiple flaws. In addition, in order to clarify the appropriate length parameter to estimate Pmax of test specimens with dissimilar non-aligned through-wall multiple flaws, the fracture tests of plate specimens were also conducted. The effect of different flaw length on Pmax was discussed with maximum, minimum and averages of dissimilar non-aligned multiple flaw lengths. Experimental results showed that the maximum length lmax would be an appropriate length parameter to estimate Pmax, when the non-aligned multiple through-wall flaws were dissimilar.

The Influence of Ti/N Ratio on the Effective Boron and Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Boron Alloyed Bainitic Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 392-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Hua Xing Hou ◽  
Jun Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Bainitic Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Ti Content

The influence of Ti/N ratio on the effective boron and mechanical properties was investigated by analyzing data from low carbon boron alloyed bainitic steel plates. The result shows Ti/N ratio varies with effective boron value. Less than 50% effective boron was obtained when Ti/N ratio is below 3.3, nearly 90% effective boron is obtained when ratio Ti/N is more than 4; Adding enough Titanium is an effective and economic way to improve qualified ratio of bainitic steel plate. The Ti content between 0.010% and 0.030% does not have obvious effect on the toughness of the bainitic steel;

Flexural bearing capacity of RC hollow slab beam strengthened by steel plates of different thicknesses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Liu ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Ziwang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexural Bearing Capacity

PurposeThe flexural reinforcement of bridges in-service has been an important research field for a long time. Anchoring steel plate at the bottom of beam is a simple and effective method to improve its bearing capacity. The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of anchoring steel plates of different thicknesses on the bearing capacity of hollow slab beam and to judge its working status.Design/methodology/approachFirst, static load experiments are carried out on two in-service RC hollow slab beams; meanwhile, nonlinear finite element models are built to study the bearing capacity of them. The nonlinear material and shear slip effect of studs are considered in the models. Second, the finite element models are verified, and the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the finite element models are adopted to carry out the research on the influence of different steel plate thicknesses on the flexural bearing capacity and ductility.FindingsWhen steel plates of different thicknesses are adopted to reinforce RC hollow slab beams, the bearing capacity increases with the increase of the steel plate thickness in a certain range. But when the steel plate thickness reaches a certain level, bearing capacity is no longer influenced. The displacement ductility coefficient decreases with the increase of steel plate thickness.Originality/valueBased on experimental study, this paper makes an extrapolation analysis of the bearing capacity of hollow slab beams reinforced with steel plates of different thicknesses through finite element simulation and discusses the influence on ductility. This method not only ensures the accuracy of bearing capacity evaluation but also does not need many samples, which is economical to a certain extent. The research results provide a basis for the reinforcement design of similar bridges.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF CORRUGATED STEEL PLATE BRIDGE WITH REINFORCED CONCRETE RELIEVING SLAB

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian BEBEN ◽  
Adam STRYCZEK
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Rc Slab

The paper presents a numerical analysis of corrugated steel plate (CSP) bridge with reinforced concrete (RC) relieving slab under static loads. Calculations were made based on the finite element method using Abaqus software. Two computation models were used; in the first one, RC slab was used, and the other was without it. The effect of RC slab to deformations of CSP shell was determined. Comparing the computational results from two numerical models, it can be concluded that when the relieving slab is applied, substantial reductions in displacements, stresses, bending mo­ments and axial thrusts are achieved. Relative reductions of displacements were in the range of 53–66%, and stresses of 73–82%. Maximum displacements and bending moments were obtained at the shell crown, and maximum stresses and axial thrusts at the quarter points. The calculation results were also compared to the values from experimental tests. The course of computed displacements and stresses is similar to those obtained from experimental tests, although the absolute values were generally higher than the measured ones. Results of numerical analyses can be useful for bridge engineering, with particular regard to bridges and culverts made from corrugated steel plates for the range of necessity of using additional relieving elements.

scholarly journals Steel Plate Cold-Rolled Section Steel Embedded High-Strength Concrete Low-Rise Shear Wall Seismic Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Min Gan ◽  
Yu Yu ◽  
Liren Li ◽  
Xisheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Shear Wall ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Strength Concrete

Four test pieces with different steel plate center-to-center distances and reinforcement ratios are subjected to low-cycle repeat quasistatic loading to optimize properties as failure mode, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, energy dissipation parameters, strength parameters, and seismic performance of high-strength concrete low-rise shear walls. The embedded steel plates are shown to effectively restrict wall crack propagation, enhance the overall steel ratio, and improve the failure mode of the wall while reducing the degree of brittle failure. Under the same conditions, increasing the spacing between the steel plates in the steel plate concrete shear wall can effectively preserve the horizontal bearing capacity of the shear wall under an ultimate load. The embedded steel plates perform better than concealed bracing in delaying stiffness degeneration in the low-rise shear walls, thus safeguarding their long-term bearing capacity. The results presented here may provide a workable basis for shear wall design optimization.

Investigation of the penetration resistance of monolithic and double-layered steel plates

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 1940005
Author(s):  
Jie Cui ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Ali Tian ◽  
Renchuan Ye ◽  
Yanxi Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plate ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Layered Plates ◽  
Residual Velocity ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Ballistic Limit Velocity

To analyze the influence of penetration resistance for different steel plate configurations, different steel plates impacted by various projectiles were studied using the LS-DYNA code. The calculation results obtained using the LS-DYNA code and prior experimental results reported in the literature agree well with the damaged image of projectiles penetrating steel plates and the initial residual velocity curve of the projectile. The Q235 steel constitutive model is modified based on the Johnson–Cook model. It can be concluded that the LS-DYNA code analysis is reliable when compared with the experimental results. We then used the LS-DYNA code to conduct an extensive study into the penetration resistance of monolithic, contact-type double-layered and gap-type double-layered targets with the same surface density, impacted by different projectiles. The failure mode of the steel plate, initial residual velocity, ballistic limit velocity, energy absorption and plastic deformation of the monolithic and double-layered plates were studied. The results in this paper can provide guidance for the design and application of structural protection using steel plates.

scholarly journals Effect of Roller Quenching on Microstructure and Properties of 300 mm Thickness Ultra-Heavy Steel Plate

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1238
Author(s):  
Jun Han ◽  
Tianliang Fu ◽  
Zhaodong Wang ◽  
Guodong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Length Direction

In this paper, a 300 mm thickness ultra-heavy steel plate was selected as the research object. In addition, special roller quenching equipment and a new testing method were used to measure the quenching temperature curve at different positions of the steel plate. The relationships and corresponding interaction mechanisms between cooling rate, microstructure, and mechanical properties of an ultra-heavy steel plate during roller quenching were investigated. The results indicated that the cooling rate, strength, hardness, and impact energy decreased gradually along the thickness direction of the plate, while the cooling rate, average grain size, and mechanical properties were relatively uniform with little change along the length direction of the plate. The experimental results provide an effective way to further control the microstructure and properties of ultra-heavy steel plates during roller quenching.

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