scholarly journals ASAR: A Distinct Fishing Gear Used In the Cordillera Rivers

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Assessment Program ◽  
The North ◽  
Catch Composition

The Cordillera Administrative Region, dubbed as the “Watershed Cradle of the North” caters to 13 major rivers [1]. Five of which is being assessed by the National Stock Assessment Program of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources [2,3]. This study, under the BFAR-CAR NSAP was conducted to study the origin of the asar, a distinct fish trap being used in the Cordillera Rivers. It also wanted to determine the catch composition in six municipal landing centers identified. Data on the history and origin of the asar were obtained through interviews with fisherfolk in Abra, Kalinga, Benguet, Apayao and Ilocos Sur using open-ended questions. Data on fish composition and volume of catch were collected by NSAP-CAR data enumerators in six landing centers along the Rivers of Amburayan, Abra and Apayao-Abulug. The asar is also known as asal or kileb, a little difference due to the linguistic differences in the region. It is a passive and size selective but not species-selective fishing gear. It takes advantage of the increased volume of fish trapped during the rainy season. In Abra, asar was constructed based on basbasan – a tool used to separate rice grains from its stalk. In Benguet on the other hand was based in an old practice of filtering decaying plant materials in rice fields called asal. In Apayao, asar was introduced by Mr. Manuel Basilio, an Abrenian who migrated to Flora in 1964. NSAP data shows that 26 species of aquatic animals were caught by asar in the Cordillera Rivers in 2015. Asar as a gear contributed 5.5% to the total inland capture fisheries catch in 2015.

Comment on “Differences in predicted catch composition between two widely used catch equation formulations”Appears in Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66: 126–132.

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I.C. Chris Francis
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Catch Composition ◽  
Continuous Formulation

Branch (2009. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66: 126–132) described the two most common catch equation formulations in stock assessment models: the continuous (Baranov) one, which represents fishing mortality as an instantaneous rate, F, and the discrete one, in which it is represented as an exploitation rate, u. He claimed that the continuous formulation is preferable at high fishing mortality where a fish could encounter multiple sets of gear within a year. This claim is wrong for two reasons. First, it is based on the false supposition that the discrete catch equations require the assumption that fish encounter at most only one set of fishing gear in a year. Second, it is not possible to determine, for a specific stock assessment, whether one formulation is preferable to another solely on the basis of information about the fishery. The appropriate way to make this decision is to see which fits the data better.

Fishers' description of changes in fishing gear and fishing practices in the Australian South East Trawl Fishery

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Baelde
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Individual Transferable Quota ◽  
Catch Composition ◽  
Fishing Practices

Between the mid 1980s and early 1990s, the concurrence of three major events significantly altered the structure and dynamics of the demersal trawl sector in the Australian South-East Fishery (SEF). These events included marked technological improvement, severe decline of major fish stocks and introduction of an Individual Transferable Quota system. They have led to a switch from maximizing catch volume to maximizing catch composition and quotas, with important associated changes in fishing practices and catches. To better understand these changes and their effect on stock assessment and management, an industry survey asked SEF trawl fishers to describe their fishing gear and fishing practices in detail. This paper is a qualitative synthesis of current trends in fishing that most significantly affect the single-species, logbook-dependent assessment and management of the fishery. It demonstrates how effective collaboration between scientists and fishers can benefit fisheries research and management, by helping scientists make more informed analysis and interpretations of fisheries data.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

HPLC Screening of Bioactives Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Different Hypericum Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gitea ◽  
Simona Vicas ◽  
Manuel Alexandru Gitea ◽  
Sebastian Nemeth ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
The Other ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Area ◽  
North Western ◽  
Hypericum Species ◽  
Biological Actions

Our study compares the content in polyphenolic compounds and hypericin, in four species of Hypericum - H. perforatum L., H. maculatum Cr., H. hirsutum L., H. tetrapterum Fr. (syn. Hypericumacutum Mnch.) harvested from spontaneous flora in the north-western area of Transylvania, Romania. These species represent an important source of such compounds with different biological actions. After making the extracts, they were subjected to HPLC-SM analysis. The presence of rutoside in the largest amount (462.82 mg %) in the H. perforatum extract was observed, this containing most of the flavonoid heterosides. For the species H. maculatum, the presence in a much higher amount of the hyperoside (976.36 mg %) is characteristic compared to the other species. Quercetol is the best represented of the flavonoid aglycons, its concentration being the highest in H. hirsutum (659.66 mg %). The hypericin content ranges from 0.2171 g % in the H. tetrapterum extract, to 0.0314 g % in the methanol extract of H. maculatum.The highest antioxidant properties measured by FRAP method were recorded in the case of H. perforatum and H. maculatum.

scholarly journals Effects of the Tibetan High and the North Pacific High on the Occurrence of Hot or Cool Summers in Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Makoto Inoue ◽  
Atsushi Ugajin ◽  
Osamu Kiguchi ◽  
Yousuke Yamashita ◽  
Masashi Komine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
The Other ◽  
Summer Climate ◽  
The North ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Cool Summer ◽  
The North Pacific

In this study, we investigated the effects of the Tibetan High near the tropopause and the North Pacific High in the troposphere on occurrences of hot or cool summers in Japan. We first classified Japan into six regions and identified hot and cool summer years in these regions from a 38-year sample (1980–2017) based on the monthly air temperature. To investigate the features of circulation fields over Asia during hot and cool summers in Japan, we calculated the composite differences (hot summer years minus cool summer years) of several variables such as geopotential height, which indicated significant high-pressure anomalies in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. These results suggest that both the North Pacific and the Tibetan Highs tend to extend to Japan during hot summer years, while cool summers seem to be associated with the weakening of these highs. We found that extension of the Tibetan High to the Japanese mainland can lead to hot summers in Northern, Eastern, and Western Japan. On the other hand, hot summers in the Southwestern Islands may be due to extension of the Tibetan High to the south. Similarly, the latitudinal direction of extension of the North Pacific High is profoundly connected with the summer climate in respective regions.

scholarly journals I.—Microscopic Structure of Irish Granites. No. 2. Granite of Aillemore, Co. Mayo

1874 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Edward Hull
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
South Side ◽  
North West ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Vertical Walls ◽  
Dark Green

This granite forms an isolated mass, rising into two eminences a few miles south of Louisburg, called Corvock Brack (1287 feet) and Knockaskeheen (1288 feet). It is a greyish granite—generally fine—grained—consisting of quartz, two felspars,—one orthoclase, the other triclinic, probably oligoclase—and dark green mica. In some places there are patches in which the felspar assumes the appearance of “graphic granite.” Numerous boulders of this granite are strewn over the district to the north-west, and on the south side of Knockaskeheen; the rock is traversed by regular joints ranging N. 10 W., along which it splits off into nearly vertical walls. The position of the granite is shown on Griffith's Geological Map of Ireland, and it is surrounded by schistose beds, generally metamorphosed, and probably of Lower Silurian age. The granite itself is of older date than the Upper Llandovery beds, which lie to the southward.

scholarly journals Gadoid dynamics: differing perceptions when contrasting stock vs. population trends and its implications to management

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Holmes ◽  
Colin P. Millar ◽  
Robert J. Fryer ◽  
Peter J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Research Vessel ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Depth Contour ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Local Pressures

Recent research suggests that ICES stock definitions for cod, haddock, and whiting of “west of Scotland” and “North Sea”, do not reflect underlying population structures. As population responses to different vital rates and local pressures would be expected to lead to asynchrony in dynamics, we examined trends in local spawning-stock biomass (SSB) among putative subpopulations of the three species. Delineation of subpopulation boundaries around spawning time was made based on genetic, tagging, and otolith microchemistry studies together with density distributions of species based on research vessel survey data. Subpopulation specific indices of SSB were derived using numbers-at-age and maturity observations from the same research vessel data and asynchrony was assessed by fitting a smoother to log SSB for each subpopulation and testing whether the smooths were parallel. Results for cod support the hypothesis of distinct inshore and larger offshore subpopulations and for whiting for northern and southern North Sea subpopulations with a boundary associated with the 50 m depth contour. In haddock, no difference in SSB trends between the North Sea and west of Scotland was found. For cod and whiting, subpopulation SSB trends differed substantially within current stock assessment units, implying reported stock-based SSB time-series have masked underlying subpopulation trends.

scholarly journals Courage and Cowardice in the North African Campaign: The Eighth Army and Defeat in the Summer of 1942

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Fennell
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
North African ◽  
The North ◽  
High Level ◽  
Eighth Army

High rates of desertion and surrender during the battles in North Africa in the summer of 1942 were a major factor in Eighth Army’s poor combat performance. At the time, some suggested that these problems were symptomatic of a lack of courage or even of cowardice. There are two broad strands to the conceptualization of courage and cowardice. One focuses on the willingness of the person to fight; the other puts emphasis on how actions express an individual’s ability to cope with fear. Whichever conceptualization is used, high morale motivates the soldier to fight and shields the ordinary recruit from his fear, preventing it from overcoming him in battle. Where morale fails, the soldier is left demotivated and burdened with his terror and, therefore, and is therefore prone to desertion or surrender. Because it is extremely difficult to maintain morale at a continuously high level in an environment governed by chance and managed by humans, all soldiers can find themselves in situations where their actions may be judged as cowardly. Alternatively, if they are properly motivated to fight and prepared by the state and military to deal with the unavoidable fear of combat, all soldiers can be labelled courageous. Accordingly, emotive terms should be avoided when attempting to describe rationally explainable outcomes. The undoubtedly negative connotations attached to cowardice in battle and the positive ones attached to courage are, therefore, arguably unhelpful in understanding Eighth Army’s performance in the summer of 1942 and the human dimension in warfare more generally.

TWO SYLLOGISMS IN THE MOZI: CHINESE LOGIC AND LANGUAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
BYEONG-UK YI
Keyword(s):  
Standard Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Valid Argument ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Argument Form ◽  
Chinese Counterpart ◽  
The One ◽  
Chinese And English ◽  
Chinese Logic

AbstractThis article examines two syllogistic arguments contrasted in an ancient Chinese book, the Mozi, which expounds doctrines of the Mohist school of philosophers. While the arguments seem to have the same form, one of them (the one-horse argument) is valid but the other (the two-horse argument) is not. To explain this difference, the article uses English plural constructions to formulate the arguments. Then it shows that the one-horse argument is valid because it has a valid argument form, the plural cousin of a standard form of valid categorical syllogisms (Plural Barbara), and argues that the two-horse argument involves equivocal uses of a key predicate (the Chinese counterpart of ‘have four feet’) that has the distributive/nondistributive ambiguity. In doing so, the article discusses linguistic differences between Chinese and English and explains why the logic of plural constructions is applicable to Chinese arguments that involve no plural constructions.

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