scholarly journals POSREDOVANJE NATA V KRIZAH – IZKUŠNJE IN IZZIVI OPERACIJE V LIBIJI

2013 ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
VINKO VEGIČ
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
International Intervention ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
And Control ◽  
Willingness To Contribute ◽  
Different Levels

Po izbruhu nemirov v Libiji v začetku leta 2011 so v Varnostnem svetu ZN sprejeli resolucijo, ki je zagotovila mandat za mednarodno posredovanje v Libiji. Dva dni po sprejetju resolucije so ameriške, britanske in francoske sile začele operacije za vzpostavitev embarga in območja prepovedi letenja nad Libijo. Konec marca je po- veljevanje in nadzor nad operacijo Združeni zaščitnik prevzel Nato, v njej so sodelo- vale vojaške sile 14 držav članic Nata in 4 partnerskih držav. Operacija je prispevala k zmanjšanju civilnih žrtev spopadov in pomagala opoziciji pri odstranitvi režima Moamerja Gadafija. Operacija Združeni zaščitnik je primer učinkovitega posredovanja Nata v krizi, vendar je tudi opozorila na več težav in pomanjkljivosti glede strategije in glede vojaških zmogljivosti Nata pri izvajanju kriznega menedžmenta. V Natu so se pri obravnavi libijske krize pokazala različna stališča zaveznic, ki so privedla do resnih političnih razprav v zavezništvu. Vendar je bila kljub tem razlikam izvedba operacije mogoča. Operacija je opozorila na znatne pomanjkljivosti na področju vojaških zmogljivosti in na odvisnost evropskih zaveznic od vojaških zmogljivosti ZDA na nekaterih pomembnih področjih. Izkušnje operacije opozarjajo tudi na politična in vojaška vprašanja, s katerimi se bo Nato verjetno srečal ob podobnih operacijah v pri- hodnosti. Med zaveznicami je mogoče pričakovati različna stališča in pristope glede vloge Nata v prihodnjih krizah, kot tudi različno pripravljenost vojaško prispevati k operacijam. Za učinkovit krizni menedžment pa bo potrebno tudi več fleksibilnosti. After the outbreak of civil unrest in Libya at the beginning of 2011, UN Security Council adopted resolution which authorized international intervention in Libya. Two days after the authorization, U.S., British and French forces launched operations to enforce embargo and no-fly zone over Libya. By the end of March NATO, took over command and control of the operation “Unified Protector”, which was conducted by the armed forces of 14 NATO countries and 4 partner countries. The operation reduced the number of civilian casualties in conflict and supported the opposition to overthrow Muammar al-Qaddafi. Operation “Allied Protector” is an example of NATO’s effective intervention in crisis; however it also revealed shortcomings and impediments concerning NATO’s crisis management strategy and military capabilities. NATO’s approach to Libyan crisis demonstrated different positions among allies which resulted in serious political debates. Despite these differences NATO was able to launch the operation. The operation revealed serious deficiencies in military capabilities and European NATO members’ dependency on the U.S. in some key military capabilities. Lessons from operation also point to political and military questions which NATO will probably face in the case of similar operations in the future. Concerning NATO’s role in future crisis, different positions and approaches among allies could be expected as well as different levels of willingness to contribute military to operations. Effective crisis management will also require more flexibility.

The ROK-U.S. Combined Command and Control System and Crisis Management Procedures

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-172
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Command And Control System

This article seeks to examine the development of the ROK-U.S. combined command and control system and crisis management procedures in South Korea. In particular, it explores the four crises which occurred between 1968 and 1999 in order to identify its implications for the ROK-U.S. combined crisis management. During a crisis, command and control over the armed forces are critical issues, in order to co-ordinate military movements and alert operations in the context of overall crisis objectives. Within the ROK-U.S. alliance, the ROK command and control chain of armed forces was highly integrated with the command and control chains of the UNC until 1978 and with the CFC from 1978. This CFC combined command structure has enabled the ROK to participate in the chain of operational control of its own forces and to strengthen its position in the ROK-U.S. combined crisis management procedures. Although both co-operated closely to cope with Korean crises in the past, there were some tensions in the use of military force and in the co-ordination of the detailed operational dimension of military operations. However, it can be argued that as long as the ROK crisis objectives and strategy were achieved through a consensus of alliance crisis options, these arrangements provided an effective crisis management system for ROK to resolve Korean crises. To some extent, the combined crisis management system enabled ROK to use America's massive military and intelligence capabilities to deter North Korea and to manage crises effectively. In the face of an era of transition and transformation in the ROK-U.S. alliance relationships following the September 11 2001, the ROK and U.S. need to minimise potential negative effects on combined crisis management system and maintain coherent deterrence capability and alliance stability on the Korean peninsula.

Disciplining Greece: Crisis Management and Its Discontents

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Panageotou
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
Resolution Strategy ◽  
Neoliberal Restructuring ◽  
And Control

The strategy intended to resolve the Greek financial crisis is not a resolution strategy at all—it is more accurately conceptualized as a crisis management strategy, which is insufficient to reduce the public debt and instead fuels a deflationary spiral. Consequently, power is wielded by unelected, international political and financial institutions and actors, the crisis management regime, who have engendered a wave of discipline, surveillance, and control alongside a neoliberal restructuring of the Greek economy. JEL Classification: G01, E62, P16

scholarly journals Possibilities of using the Polish Armed Forces in non-military crises in the aspect of changes in the command and control system

2020 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 874-889
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Sobolewski
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Main Task ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Military Security ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crisis Situations

In the past, the main task of the Armed Forces was primarily to ensure military security in terms of defense of independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the state. However, nowadays, in the national and international dimension, their scope of tasks has been expanded to include projects in the field of supporting public administration bodies and society in crisis situations. That is due to the fact that the Armed Forces have unique, unprecedented in other response forces, opportunities to take effective action in the event of various crises. Thus, they have become an important enhancement of the crisis management system and civil protection. They can often constitute the main element of support for public administration bodies (central and local government) in solving emerging crisis situations. An important factor in the effectiveness of their actions in helping the society is the so-called crisis management system in the Ministry of National Defense. The structure of this system is closely related to the functioning control and command system.

Peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

Ukraine is a unitary state, yet historically various regions, oblasts, districts, and local areas have different levels of economic development. To secure sustainable economic and social development and provide social services guaranteed by the state for each citizen according to the Constitution, the mechanism of redistribution between revenues and expenditures of oblasts, regions, and territories through the budgets of a higher level is used. The paper aims to research the peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization. The paper defines the nature of interbudgetary relations. The basic and reverse subsidies to Ukraine and Lvivska oblast are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages the communities face at changing approaches to balancing local budgets are determined. Regulative documents that cover the interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the problem of local finances reforming, including the development of interbudgetary relations. The scheme of the economic interbudgetary relations system in Ukraine is developed. The ways to improve the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are suggested. The negative and positive aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine require the following improvements. 1. It is necessary to avoid the complete budget alignment in the process of budgets balancing by interbudgetary transfers as the major objective. 2. The interbudgetary transfers should be distributed based on a formal approach. 3. The changes have to be introduced to the calculation of medical and educational subsidies in terms of financial standard of budget provision to avoid the money deficit for coverage of necessary expenditures. 4. There is a need to improve interbudgetary relations at the levels of districts, villages, towns, and cities of district subordination. 5. Improvement of the mechanism of targeted benefits provision, their real evaluation, and control for the use of funds.

THE SOME QUESTIONS OF AUTONOMOUS MOTION AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND-MOBILE ROBOTIC COMPLEXES FOR UKRAINIAN GROUND FORCESE

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
О. Кravchuk ◽  
V. Symonenkov ◽  
I. Symonenkova ◽  
O. Hryhorev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Distributed Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Information Management Systems ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Principles And Standards ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Eu

Today, more than forty countries of the world are engaged in the development of military-purpose robots. A number of unique mobile robots with a wide range of capabilities are already being used by combat and intelligence units of the Armed forces of the developed world countries to conduct battlefield intelligence and support tactical groups. At present, the issue of using the latest information technology in the field of military robotics is thoroughly investigated, and the creation of highly effective information management systems in the land-mobile robotic complexes has acquired a new phase associated with the use of distributed information and sensory systems and consists in the transition from application of separate sensors and devices to the construction of modular information subsystems, which provide the availability of various data sources and complex methods of information processing. The purpose of the article is to investigate the ways to increase the autonomy of the land-mobile robotic complexes using in a non-deterministic conditions of modern combat. Relevance of researches is connected with the necessity of creation of highly effective information and control systems in the perspective robotic means for the needs of Land Forces of Ukraine. The development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine management system based on the criteria adopted by the EU and NATO member states is one of the main directions of increasing the effectiveness of the use of forces (forces), which involves achieving the principles and standards necessary for Ukraine to become a member of the EU and NATO. The inherent features of achieving these criteria will be the transition to a reduction of tasks of the combined-arms units and the large-scale use of high-precision weapons and land remote-controlled robotic devices. According to the views of the leading specialists in the field of robotics, the automation of information subsystems and components of the land-mobile robotic complexes can increase safety, reliability, error-tolerance and the effectiveness of the use of robotic means by standardizing the necessary actions with minimal human intervention, that is, a significant increase in the autonomy of the land-mobile robotic complexes for the needs of Land Forces of Ukraine.

Poland

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Michta
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Command And Control System ◽  
T State

This chapter analyses the adaptation of Poland’s defence policy and armed forces to the rapidly changing security environment along NATO’s north-eastern flank. First, it examines the impact of a resurgent Russia on Poland’s security calculus, especially since Russia’s seizure of Crimea and the war in eastern Ukraine. Next, it addresses the evolution of Warsaw’s views on the relative utility of NATO and the European Union and its efforts to return NATO to its traditional territorial defence role. It then focuses on the modernization of Poland’s armed forces, with a special emphasis on doctrinal change, the reform of the command and control system, and the creation of the Territorial Defence units. It also reviews the t state of key hardware purchases as of mid-2017. The chapter concludes with an overall assessment of the level of capabilities and the readiness of the armed forces in the changing threat environment along NATO’s north-eastern flank.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Tuning the Physicochemical, Textural, and Sensory Characteristics of Plant-Based Meat Analogs with Different Levels of Methylcellulose Concentration

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh ◽  
Se-Jin Lee ◽  
Eun-Yeong Lee ◽  
Nahar Sabikun ◽  
Young-Hwa Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
A Value ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Meat Analog ◽  
And Control ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Different Levels

This study assessed the effects of Methylcellulose (MC) at different concentrations on plant-based meat analog (PBMA) patties, comprised of commercial texture vegetable protein (C-TVP) and textured isolate soy protein (T-ISP) as key ingredients, and compared to beef patty control. A significantly higher difference was observed in moisture content in control with increasing MC concentration than the C-TVP and T-ISP patties. However, protein varied significantly among three different protein sources, with control had higher protein content than PBMA patties. Crude fiber content recorded higher values in C-TVP as compared to control. Significantly lower pH values were recorded in control than C-TVP and T-ISP respectively. Regardless, with the addition of MC or ingredient PBMA and control patties tend to reduce lightness (L*) and redness (a*) value after cooking. Although control sample before cooking exhibits lighter and redder than PBMA patties (C-TVP and T-ISP). Likewise, water holding capacity (WHC) decreases as the concentration of MC increases (1.5–4%) in control and PBMA patties. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and texture profile analysis (TPA), including hardness, chewiness, and gumminess of control, were significantly higher than C-TVP and T-ISP. Consequently, panelists’ in the sensory analysis presented that C-TVP patties containing 3% of MC had better sensory properties than T-ISP. Hence, PBMA patties with C-TVP and incorporation of 3% MC are considered ideal for manufacturing of meat analog as related to control (beef).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document