Puberty: An approach to diagnosis and management with an osteopathic component

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Ravi Chinsky ◽  
Shehtaaj Lilaporia ◽  
To Shan Li ◽  
Thomas Chan
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Osteopathic Medicine ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Physical Maturation ◽  
Psychological Dysfunction

Puberty is generally known as the emotional and physical maturation of a child to adulthood. This allows for sexual maturation and the means to reproduce. Children will undergo a pubertal growth spurt, as well as changes to the reproductive organs. While puberty is mostly associated with changes in reproduction and endocrine systems, it is multifaceted and affects the musculoskeletal, behavioral and vascular systems. Puberty occurs due to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and a progressive increase in the amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released. The average age of puberty is 13 years old in girls and 14 years old in boys. Associated pubertal diseases are usually split into two categories, based on whether the physical indicators appear earlier or later than expected. When these indicators occur at two standard deviations (SD) early, it is known as precocious puberty, and when they are 2–2.5 SDs late, it is known as delayed puberty. Because of the inseparability of physical and mental health, osteopathic medicine offers a practical approach for treatment of pubertal conditions using osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Osteopathic medicine takes a holistic view of the person in which somatic, visceral and psychological dysfunction are united. Thus, physicians who incorporate OMT into their practice will be able to aid in promoting proper development during puberty as well as addressing accompanying somatic dysfunctions. In this paper, we will discuss the physiology of puberty, pubertal disorders, the epidemiology of puberty, current management protocols, osteopathic considerations in puberty and OMT’s role in treatment.

The Osteopathic Approach to Treating Depression in Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Ravi Chinsky ◽  
Thomas Chan
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Osteopathic Medicine ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Psychological Dysfunction ◽  
Epidemiology Of Depression

Evidence confirms that children and adolescents can experience the whole spectrum of mood disorders and suffer from the significant morbidity and mortality associated with them. Effective treatment often relies on physicians developing advanced communication skills with their patients. Enhanced communication will help decipher the etiology of the patient’s depression and, in addition to serotonin-regulating medications, will optimize treatment. Osteopathic medicine offers an effective treatment model through osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) because of the inseparability of physical and mental health. Osteopathic medicine takes a holistic view in which somatic, visceral and psychological dysfunction are united. Thus, physicians who incorporate OMT into their practice will help treat psychopathologies, such as depression and its accompanying somatic dysfunctions. This paper discusses the epidemiology of depression, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) depression criteria, screening algorithms, current treatment protocols, osteopathic considerations to treating depression, and lastly, OMT and its role in treatment.

scholarly journals Issue and Challenges of Reproductive Health Status of Rural Women in Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
P. Sujatha ◽  
M. Rajeswari
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Broad Concept

The present research aimed to study the issue and challenges of reproductive health status of rural women in Kanchipuram district. Reproductive morbidity is a broad concept that encompasses health problems related to reproductive organs and functions, including and outside of childbearing 360 samples were selected based on stratified random sampling method. In order to examine the economic factors related to health care services on reproductive health among selected respondents. Well-structured questionnaire were used for data collection. To test the hypotheses statistical tool such as F- test and t-test were used. There is need a wide scope for research to bring a holistic view of rural women health status. Since women faces various unique health issues as compared to male, there is a need for more specific and combined research on women health status. To analysis of issues and challenges of reproductive health status of rural women. Result found that respondents significantly differ in their issues and challenges on reproductive health status.

scholarly journals Reproductive-somatic relationships in Loligo gahi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) from the Falkland Islands

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Guerra ◽  
Bernardino G. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Management Zone ◽  
Somatic Tissues ◽  
Conservation And Management

Samples of Loligo gahi from the Falkland Islands Interim Conservation and Management Zone collected in March 1987 were analysed to determine the relationships between mass of reproductive and somatic organs during maturation. There was a progressive increase in mass of the reproductive organs with growth in males, while in females these organs did not show a conspicuous increase in mass until a body mass of c. 40 g was reached. No change was found in the mass of the digestive gland in relation to body mass or in the water content of male and female somatic tissues during maturation. Growth of reproductive organs in L. gahi seems to be supported by diet and not at the expense of somatic tissue.

scholarly journals Prehrana in prehranska dopolnila v psihiatriji

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Plemenitaš
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Holistic View

Modern approaches to management of medical conditions are based on a holistic view, taking into account bidirectional connections between physical and mental health. The current pharmacologically focused model has so far provided modest benefits in addressing the burden of poor mental health. Convincing data suggest that diet quality and select nutrient-based supplements might influence a range of neurochemical modulatory activities, improving the management of mental disorders. Examples of these nutrient-based supplements include omega-3 fatty acids, S-adenosyl methionine, N-acetyl cysteine, zinc, B vitamins (including folic acid), and vitamin D. The traditional Mediterranean diet is considered to be the most beneficial diet in our region. Based on the results of preclinical studies, we are increasingly aware of the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of mental disorders. Bidirectional signalling between the brain and the gut microbiome involving vagal neurocrine and endocrine signalling mechanisms influences mental and physical wellbeing. These findings suggest that using prebiotics, probiotics or in the strict sense psychobiotics, as well as incorporating fermented foods in the diet, could have a potential role in the management of mental disorders. As of now, we lack sufficient evidence to implement recommendations for dietary supplements in treatment guidelines, however, this might change in light of emerging data from contemporary research studies, at least for certain indications.

scholarly journals Role of the GH-IGF1 axis on the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis function: lessons from Laron syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Cannarella ◽  
Andrea Crafa ◽  
Sandro La Vignera ◽  
Rosita A. Condorelli ◽  
Aldo E. Calogero
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Laron Syndrome ◽  
Testicular Growth ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Puberty Onset

BACKGROUND. Animal studies suggest that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) may influence the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis, especially in childhood, but the evidence in humans is scanty. Laron syndrome, a human model of IGF1 deficiency, may help to solve this issue. PURPOSE. This systematic review aims to analyze puberty onset and progression, testicular volume, gonadotropin, and total testosterone serum levels, sperm parameters and fertility, and penile length in patients with Laron syndrome. METHODS. Specific key-words were used. All data on male patients with Laron syndrome were included. RESULTS. Seventeen articles matched the inclusion criteria and entered in the analysis, for a total of 125 male patients. Puberty was absent in 8.9% and delayed in 35.6% of untreated patients of pubertal age. After onset, the duration of the pubertal process was prolonged in 76.9% of untreated patients. The growth spurt was absent in 52.6% and delayed in 31.6% of untreated patients. The testicular volume was small in the two patients who did not receive any treatment. Treatment with IGF1 increased gonadotropin and testosterone serum levels in 5 out of 5 patients of pubertal age. No effect was found in 4 out of 4 patients younger than 5 years. No study reported data on sperm parameters and fertility. Micropenis occurred in 67.2% of patients. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES. Delayed puberty is common in patients with Laron syndrome. The growth hormone-IGF1 axis may influence the time of puberty onset. Serum levels of IGF1 should be investigated in children with delayed puberty, scarce progression of testicular growth, and/or micropenis.IGF1 levels might be measured in children with delayed puberty, poor testicular growth, and/or micropenis.

scholarly journals THE ARMY BEHIND BARBED WIRE. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR IN CAPTIVITY

10.23856/4218 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Vitalii Apalkov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the psychological features of humans entering and the subsequent stay in a hostile environment and its consequences. We made the analysis of psychological factors influencing the behavior of a soldier in captivity. The genesis of captivity was analyzed, and the mechanisms of destructive psychological influence of captors on persons who were captured were investigated. The results of the research allow forming a holistic view of the psychological factors that affect military personnel from the moment of capture to the moment of their release. Activities of international humanitarian organizations and missions, does not fully protect prisoners of war from violence. The state of constant mental stress reduces the inner life of the individual to a primitive level. It was found that the events of the captivity were extreme. They go beyond the usual human experiences and cause intense fear for their lives, as well as create feelings of helplessness. Preparations for possible capture are mandatory for all servicemen. Post-captive reintegration will help to restore mental health and return the person to a full life and performance of duties. We identified the factors that help to endure conditions of the forced isolation with minimal loss to the physical and mental health.

scholarly journals Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis and Management with an Osteopathic Component

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Theodore Flaum ◽  
Ravi Chinsky ◽  
Sheldon Yao
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Synergistic Approach ◽  
American Children

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder that affects about one in 40 American adults and one in 100 American children. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the patient must have the presence of obsessions, compulsions or both. OCD can be covert in presentation and therefore requires physician vigilance with the diagnosis. The efficacy of the physician’s interviewing style is extremely important in OCD treatment because typically, long delays in diagnosis often occur and the shame associated with the disorder may inhibit discussion of the symptoms and treatment plans. In addition to serotonin-regulating medications, deciphering the etiology of the patient’s obsessions or compulsions is important. Thus, cognitive behavioral therapy supplemented with SSRIs is the true first-line therapy for OCD because it provides a synergistic approach of life discussions, habit training and medication. Because of the inseparability of physical and mental health, osteopathic medicine offers an effective model for treatment through osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). In the holistic view of OMT, somatic, visceral and psychological dysfunctions are united. Thus, physicians who incorporate OMT into their practice can aid in the treatment of psychopathology, such as OCD. In this article, we will discuss the epidemiology of OCD, the DSM-5 criteria for OCD, the current OCD treatments, the osteopathic approach and how it pertains to OCD treatment, and lastly, OMT and its possible role in treating OCD. Due to a lack of research on osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) treatments in OCD, we will also propose a possible study design for further investigation.

Conceptualizing and measuring occupational social well-being: a validation study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The current conceptualizations and measurements of well-being are inadequate in the context of work. Specifically, well-being research has neglected the social aspects of well-being. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the validity of a multi-dimensional view of occupational social well-being. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected in an educational setting, i.e. six different schools in a Swedish municipality. A total of 314 teachers and other categories of school staff (239 females and 75 males) participated in a survey study. Findings Results provided empirical support for a multi-dimensional view of occupational social well-being. The dimensions were integration, acceptance, contribution, actualization and coherence, and they were differentially correlated with previous measures of well-being. Furthermore, occupational social well-being accounted for additional variance in work tension, overall job satisfaction and organizational commitment over and above the variance accounted for by positive and negative affect and satisfaction with life, indicating the value of taking domain-specific social indicators of well-being into account in explaining various employee outcomes. Practical implications Occupational social well-being is an umbrella term for describing the well-lived social life in the context of work. As such, this is a crucial part of a holistic view of well-being at work. Thus, effective employee well-being enhancement programs should not only focus on physical and mental health promotion or competence development but must also include measures of relational experience and functioning as discussed in the present study. Originality/value This is the first study to measure and validate occupational social well-being as an attempt to complement existing measures of subjective and psychological well-being. Measures of social aspects of well-being are crucial to assess as it has been argued in previous research that context-free measures of well-being might render misleading results.

Normal Sexual Development and Puberty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda French
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Development ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
End Of Puberty

Puberty is the hormonally mediated process of physical changes that occur during the transition of childhood to adulthood.   Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis triggers the onset of puberty. Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the major regulator of the reproductive axis.  GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which in turn activate the gonads to produce sex steroids. Thelarche is stimulated by estrogen and is usually the first sign of puberty in girls. Adrenarche, although associated temporally with puberty, is mediated by the adrenal cortex and is unrelated to pubertal maturation. A growth spurt occurs mid-puberty.  Menarche, usually occurring 2-3 years after thelarche, is considered the end of puberty. After menarche, only about 1-2 additional inches of height are accrued.  Understanding what is considered the normal timeline of sexual development allows better recognition of precocious or delayed puberty, both of which may be associated with serious underlying health issues This review contains 4 tables, 5 figures, and 29 references. Keywords: puberty, pubertal development, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, thelarche, menarche, normal sexual development

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