scholarly journals Revisiting the Impacts on Human Capital and Labour Force Participation with Transitory Remittances

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Jaime Lara Lara
Keyword(s):  
School Attendance ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

Remittances can occur on a transitory basis due to motives related to insurance and investment; therefore, studies using cross-sectional information can omit populations that have received remittances in the past. This paper examines the impact of this omission in the case of Mexico. The proportion of the population living in households receiving remittances increases by almost a factor of two when we consider past periods. This additional population includes relatively more urban residents with higher socio-economic status and households with male household heads. However, when estimating the impact of remittances in labour force participation and school attendance, there is no difference when using an estimate defining the group of households receiving remittances similarly to studies using cross-sectional data in previous literature.

Concussion knowledge, attitude and reporting intention in rugby coaches and high school rugby players

2020 ◽  
pp. 174795412096120
Author(s):  
Danielle M Salmon ◽  
Janelle Romanchuk ◽  
S John Sullivan ◽  
Simon Walters ◽  
Amanda Clacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reporting Intentions

The aim of this study was to evaluate New Zealand high school rugby union players’ and community coaches’ concussion knowledge (CK), concussion attitude (CA) and concussion reporting intentions (CRI) and to explore the impact gender, age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, experience, and concussion history had on these outcome measures. This cross-sectional study utilised the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes survey to evaluate CK, CA and CRI. The survey and demographic information were completed by 533 high school players (61.5% male, M = 16.2 yrs) and 733 community rugby coaches (93.0% male, M = 42.2 yrs). Coaches displayed greater awareness, safer attitudes, and stronger reporting intentions towards concussion than players. Among players, differences in CK, CA and CRI were observed by gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Among coaches, differences in CRI were found by age and coaching experience. No differences were observed for age or concussion history in players. Gender, ethnicity, and grade coached were not significant for coaches. Players who identified as Māori or Pasifika and those from schools in low socio-economic areas displayed poorer CK and CA. Years of experience for both players and coaches played a critical role in improving CA and is a factor that should be considered when welcoming new participants to either role. Concussion non-disclosure is a systemic issue and is common across gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status and appears to worsen as the playing season progresses. More work is needed to develop educational strategies that are both culturally responsive, sustainable, and address reporting behaviours.

scholarly journals Labour force participation in New Zealand: Tecent trends, future scenarios and the impact on economic growth.

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Paterson ◽  
Simon Brown
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines labour force participation trends in New Zealand, how we compare to the rest of the OECD and how participation and economic growth might be affected in the future by population ageing. Participation has risen significantly over the past 20 years despite an increase in the average age of the working­age population. We have looked at how participation has changed by age, gender and ethnicity. By contrast, average hours worked has declined over the past 20 years and we consider the reasons for that. Population ageing means the recent growth seen in labour force participation is likely to come to an end, with the participation rate projected to decline over the medium term. Falling participation will have a dampening effect on economic growth. We have investigated the impact of declining participation on gross domestic product using official labour force projections and identified a range of scenarios for what participation might look like in the year 2029. In each scenario, we discuss the impact on economic growth. Most other OECD countries are in a similar situation to us with respect to population ageing. We have looked at the latest Australian projections for economic growth in the long term and the increased growth in New Zealand’s productivity that would be necessary to begin to close the gap on Australia.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK: a longitudinal household cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kausik Chaudhuri ◽  
Anindita Chakrabarti ◽  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The approved COVID-19 vaccines have shown great promise in reducing disease transmission and severity of outcomes. However, the success of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout is dependent on public acceptance and willingness to be vaccinated. In this study, we aim to examine how the attitude towards public sector officials and the government impact vaccine willingness. The secondary aim is to understand the impact of ethnicity on vaccine-willingness after we explicitly account for trust in public institutions. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from a UK population based longitudinal household survey (Understanding Society COVID-19 study, Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study) between April 2020-January 2021. Data from 22,421 participants in Waves 6 and 7 of the study were included after excluding missing data. Demographic details in addition to previous survey responses relating to public sector/governmental trust were included as covariates in the main analysis. A logit model was produced to describe the association between public sector/governmental mistrust and the willingness for vaccination with interaction terms included to account for ethnicity/socio-economic status. Results In support of existing literature, we identified those from BAME groups were more likely to be unwilling to take the COVID-19 vaccine. We found that positive opinions towards public sector officials (OR 2.680: 95% CI 1.888 – 3.805) and the UK government (OR 3.400; 95% CI 2.454—4.712) led to substantive increase in vaccine willingness. Most notably we identified this effect to vary across ethnicity and socio-economic status with those from South Asian background (OR 4.513; 95% CI 1.012—20.123) and possessing a negative attitude towards public officials and the government being the most unwilling to be vaccinated. Conclusions These findings suggests that trust in public sector officials play a key factor in the low vaccination rates particularly seen in at-risk groups. Given the additional morbidity/mortality risk posed by COVID-19 to those from lower socio-economic or ethnic minority backgrounds, there needs to be urgent public health action to review how to tailor health promotion advice given to these groups and examine methods to improve trust in public sector officials and the government.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ageing Population on Malaysian Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mazlynda Md Yusuf ◽  
Sarina Mohamed ◽  
Mohamad Yazis Ali Basah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

An ageing population is a worldwide phenomenon, as the results of improvement in mortality rates and drops in fertility rate over the past century. Previously, this trend was focused among the developed countries of Europe and North America but over the past 20 years, the ageing population has started to grow in the developing countries, especially countries of Southeast Asia such as Malaysia. Given changes in fertility and improving life expectancy, the figure is expected to increase significantly. According to the Department of Statistics Malaysia, it is estimated that 6.5% of the total population is aged 65 and above in 2018 and this figure is expected to increase to 14.5% in 2040. With the current changes in the demographic trend, it is expected that there will be changes in the amount of savings and this could also lead to changes in the economic performances in the future. Thus, the main objective of this study is to examine the impact of the ageing population on economic growth in Malaysia by using annual data from the year 1985 to 2016. Total fertility rates, life expectancy, labour force participation rate and old-dependency ratio are variables that are used in the study. These data were analysed using Multiple Linear Regression Model and the results indicate that Malaysia is expected to experience the ageing population in the future and that it gives effect towards Malaysian's economic growth. Keywords: ageing population; economic growth; life expectancy; labour force participation; old-dependency ratio; fertility rates

scholarly journals Impact of socio-economic status (SES) and nutrition health education on nutritional status of adolescent girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Kusum Bharti ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Pramila Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

The present status of nutrition disparities in Asia is considered to vary by economic level of the country. For developing countries in Asia, India and Vietnam, SES associates with BMI positively in women. For relatively developed countries in Asia, Korea and Japan, SES associates with BMI negatively in women. Low SES groups consume more carbohydrate, and less protein and fat, so not only micronutrient but also macronutrient intake is affected by SES both in developing and in developed Asian countries. There are some studies on the pathway from SES to diet/nutrition. Objective: To assess the impact of socio-economic status (SES) and nutrition health education (NHED) on their Nutritional status of non-school going and school going AGLs. Method: A pre test post test experimental design questionnaire was employed and the study was a cross sectional study. From 4ICDS Project areas of Banka district, total 600 Adolescents girl selected for this research study in which 300 school going and 300 non-school going girls were randomly selected. Result: AGLs clearly shows the declining trend of malnutrition with the increasing education of mothers, i.e. Highest per cent of undernourished AGLs were the daughters of Illiterates mothers (98%) and lowest per cent of undernourished AGLs were the daughters of intermediate mothers and graduate mothers.The per cent of normal AGLs was highest with the highly educated fathers lower with poorly educated and lowest with illiterate fathers. The prevalence of normal AGLs was higher with better income though their number is less. But even the little increase of income has shown the better performance. However, the data confirms, the effect of income on nutritional status of AGls.

scholarly journals Quantifying the effect of early retirement on the wealth of individuals with depression or other mental illness

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Schofield ◽  
Rupendra N. Shrestha ◽  
Richard Percival ◽  
Simon J. Kelly ◽  
Megan E. Passey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Microsimulation Model ◽  
Home Equity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundIn addition to the health burden caused by mental illnesses, these conditions contribute to economic disadvantage because of their impact on labour force participation.AimsTo quantify the cost of lost savings and wealth to Australians aged 45–64 who retire from the labour force early because of depression or other mental illness.MethodCross-sectional analysis of the base population of Health&WealthMOD, a microsimulation model built on data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics' Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers and STINMOD, an income and savings microsimulation model.ResultsPeople who are not part of the labour force because of depression or other mental illness have 78% (95% CI 92.2–37.1) and 93% (95% CI 98.4–70.5) less wealth accumulated respectively, compared with people of the same age, gender and education who are in the labour force with no chronic health condition. People who are out of the labour force as a result of depression or other mental illness are also more likely to have the wealth that they do have in cash assets, rather than higher-growth assets such as superannuation, home equity and other financial investments.ConclusionsThis lower accumulated wealth is likely to result in lower living standards for these individuals in the future. This will compound the impact of their condition on their health and quality of life, and put a large financial burden on the state as a result of the need to provide financial assistance for these individuals.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ILL-HEALTH AND DISABILITIES ON LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION AMONG NIGERIAN HOUSEHOLDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Rolle Remi Ahuru ◽  
Henry Akpojubaro Efegbere
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Improve Access

Nigeria has demeaning health statistics together with declining labour supply despite the large population size. This paper investigated the effect of illness, disability and other socio-demographic factors on labour force participation among Nigerian households. This study is cross-sectional in which secondary data from the General Household Survey (2015/2016) was used for the analysis. A representative sample of 4,200 household heads was used for the analyses. Both predictive and descriptive analyses were undertaken. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate predictors of labour force participation among the household heads. The data revealed that 52.1% of respondents were engaged in labour force. Controlling for other variables, the various forms of disabilities, ill-health, body injury, gender and educational attainment were significant determinants of labour force participation. The result provokes the need for policymakers to articulate policies that improve access to healthcare through the expansion of health insurance coverage. The study concluded that self-assessed health and education attainment influence labour force participation. Policies should be used to expand educational opportunities and improve access to healthcare services in Nigeria. To improve access to healthcare, the Nigeria government should increase the ownership of health insurance policy by broadening the coverage of the formal health insurance and encouraging community-based health insurance in the informal and rural sectors.

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

Modelling the cost of ill health in Health&WealthMOD (Version II): lost labour force participation, income and taxation, and the impact of disease prevention

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Schofield ◽  
Rupendra Shrestha ◽  
Emily Callander ◽  
Richard Pervical ◽  
Simon Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact
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