scholarly journals Study of Blood Glucose and SGPT lowering effect of Eucalyptus Lanceolata Linn. in Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2015 ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
MINGYUE YAOA
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Diabetic Rabbit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Plants Extract

The part of the plant to curing the diabetes mellitus and improves available data on plants with hypoglycemic effects. Antidiuretic potential of eucalyptus extracts has been evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit. Here we used, plants extract about 256 kg were mix with 1000 ml methanol and keep in Flask. After filtering the extracts were exposed to rotary evaporator machine that methanol separated from plant extract. In the Nine rabbit were divided into three different groups. The body weight was recorded on every 6 days interval. The data obtained revealed that eucalyptus extracts reduced the glucose level effectively. Such treatment with extracts decreased the SGPT level. Therefore, it is concluded that the eucalyptus possesses significant antidiabetic activity. And finally, we recommend this plant for medicinal uses and for pharmaceutical industries to isolate pure drugs.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy of two medicinal plants and Amaryl® tablet (Glimepiride) in induced diabetes mellitus in rat

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
PC Das ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
AK Sarkar ◽  
M Ali
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Coccinia Indica

Comparative efficacy of two indigenous herbal extracts, (Trigonella foenum-graecum seed & Coccinia indica leaves) with the commonly used drug Glimepiride were studied. Healthy young rats (n=30) of both sexes weighting between 150 to 200 gm were selected and divided into six equal groups, as A (Control), B (diabetic), experimental diabetic groups were-C, D, E and F, treated with combined extract of Methi seed and Telakucha leaves- @ 250mg, 500mg, 750mg and Glimepiride 800μg/kg body weight, respectively. The substances were given orally once daily for14 days. The blood glucose concentration were decreased significantly (P<0.01) in groups C, D, E, and F. The body weight increased significantly (P<0.05) by 2.3%, 3.9%, 4.8% and 10.4%, respectively. The herbal extracts significantly reduced in blood glucose level with the increased in body weight. It is indicated that antidiabetic activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Coccinia indica are evident that are traditionally used as the herbal preparations by the Ayurvedic practitioners for the control of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Trigonella foenum graecum; Coccinia indica; Amaryl® Tablet (Glimepiride); Streptozotocin and antidiabetic effect; Diabetes mellitus; Rat DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4825 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 297-300, 2008

The Effect of Extract/Fractions of Caralluma tuberculata on Blood Glucose Levels and Body Weight in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbakht Sultan ◽  
Muhammad Zakir ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
Ihsaan Ullah Khan ◽  
Ali Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Positive Effect

Caralluma tuberculata is a cooked food item in Pakistan especially for diabetics. The current study was designed to explore the antidiabetic potential of extract/fractions of Caralluma tuberculata in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and its effect on body weight. The crude extract of the plant provoked 24% and 44% antidiabetic action at 25 and 50 mg/kg OP, respectively, after the 24th day of treatment, which was strongly supported by a positive effect on the body weight of animals. On fractionation, pretreatment of the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated most dominant (25.17% and 34.83%) antidiabetic activity followed by n-hexane (19.33% and 32.76%) and aqueous fractions (16.44% and 22.36%) at 25 and 50 mg/kg OP, respectively, after the 24th day of treatment. The corresponding effect on blood glucose was also observed on body weight of diabetic rabbits. In sum, extract/fractions of the plant showed marked antidiabetic action and thus a provided scientific foundation to the use of the plant as an antidiabetic.

Anti-Diabetic Effect of a Flavonoid and Sitosterol - Rich Aqueous Extract ofPleurotus tuberregiumSclerotia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1148-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanacho Mercy Onuekwuzu ◽  
Ikewuchi Catherine Chidinma ◽  
Ikewuchi Jude Chigozie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Atherogenic Indices ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

Objective:Traditionally prepared infusions and decoctions are commonly used in the management of diabetes mellitus, in southern Nigeria; one of such is the aqueous extract of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuberregium (“usu” milk). In this study, the effects of the extract on the body weights, tissue/ organ weights, fasting blood glucose, blood/plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic indices were investigated in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced by the injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight) via the marginal ear vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg to normal and diabetic rabbits; while metformin was administered at 50 mg/kg. The crude extract was analyzed by gas chromatography, coupled to flame ionization detector.Results:Thirty-one known flavonoids were detected, consisting mainly of isoquercetin (28.5%), luteolin (24.3%), quercetin (18.8%) and kaempferol (11.3%). Sitosterol (82.0%) and stigmasterol (12.5%) were the most abundant of the seven phytosterols detected. Compared to the diabetic control, the treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered the weights of the kidney and liver, as well as the levels of blood glucose and triglyceride, plasma VLDL, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli’s risk index II. It, however, significantly (p<0.05) increased plasma HDL cholesterol, without significantly affecting blood total cholesterol levels.Conclusion:This study showed that the extract was hypoglycemic, and improved lipid profile and atherogenic indices, thus highlighting its cardioprotective potential, thereby supporting its use in the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) AGAINST ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyere Aloke ◽  
Emmanuel Igwe ◽  
Nwogo Obasi ◽  
Pascal Amu ◽  
Egwu Ogbonnia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner

Accumulating evidences have reinforced the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of various ailments as a result of negative side effects associated with conventional drugs. Plant components such as phenols and flavonoids with antioxidant potential have confirmed protective roles against oxidative stress-induced degenerative diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM). The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of seed pod ethanol extract from Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. SPEECS was obtained by maceration of seed pod powder in absolute ethanol for 72 h, filtered, concentrated and dried in-vacuo. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique was used to quantitatively elucidate the chemical constituents of SPEECS. Twenty-four male albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): normal control, DM control, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS and DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS groups. DM was induced in the Wistar albino rats through intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg body weight of alloxan. After 14 days of treatment, the body weight changes and the fasting blood glucose level were determined in the different groups. Also, serum biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated. The GC-MS results confirm nine bioactive compounds with 9-octadecenoic acid (55.75%) being most abundant. SPEECS (200 and 400 mg/kg) administration significantly (P 0.05) caused gain in weight, decreased fasting blood glucose and reversed the elevated liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) while total TP and ALB were markedly elevated relative to DM control group. Furthermore, SPEECS attenuated the activities of SOD and CAT while the level of MDA was significantly (P 0.05) decreased in dose dependent manner in comparison to the DM control. This study indicated that SPEECS can alleviate hyperglyceamia of DM. Key words: Copaifera salikounda; oxidative stress; medicinal plants; diabetes mellitus; phytochemicals; orthodox ANTIDIABETIČNI UČINEK EKSTRAKTA ETANOLA Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) NA SLADKORNO BOLEZEN, SPROŽENO Z ALLOXAN-om, PRI PODGANAHIzvleček: Obstaja vedno več dokazov, ki poudarjajo uporabnost zdravilnih rastlin pri zdravljenju različnih bolezni, tudi zaradi različnih negativnih stranskih učinkov, povezanih s konvencionalnimi zdravili. Rastlinske sestavine kot so fenoli in flavonoidi z antioksidativnim potencialom, imajo po nekaterih raziskavah zaščitno vlogo pred degenerativnimi boleznimi, ki jih povzroča oksidativni stres, kot je sladkorna bolezen diabetes mellitus (DM). Študija je bila izvedena z namenom raziskovanja učinka etanolnega semenskega ekstrakta iz rastline Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) pri podganah s sladkorno boleznijo, ki jo je povzročil alloxan. SPEECS je bil pridobljen z maceracijo praška semen v prahu v absolutnem etanolu 72 ur ter nadaljnjo filtracijo, koncentracijo in sušenjem v vakuumu. Za kvantitativno ugotavljanje kemijskih sestavin SPEECS je bila uporabljena tehnika plinske kromatografije in masne spektrometrije (GC-MS). Štiriindvajset samcev podgan Wistar je bilo naključno razporejenih v štiri skupine (n=6): normalna kontrola, kontrola DM, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS in DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS. DM je bil pri podganah sprožen z intraperitonealno injekcijo 200 mg/kg telesne mase alloxana. Po 14 dneh zdravljenja so bile pri različnih skupinah določene spremembe telesne teže in nivo glukoze v krvi (na tešče). Poleg tega so avtorji raziskave izmerili še nekatere serumske biokemične parametre kot so ravni alaninske aminotransferaze (ALT), aspartatne aminotransferaze (AST), alkalne fosfataze (ALP), albumina (ALB), skupnih proteinov (TP), malondialdehida (MDA), superoksiddismutaze (SOD) in katalaze (CAT). Rezultati GC-MS so v izvlečku SPEECS pokazali devet bioaktivnih spojin, v katerih je največ 9-oktadecenojske kisline (55,75%). SPEECS (200 in 400 mg/kg) je povzročil znatno (P 0,05) povečanje telesne mase, znižanje glukoze v krvi na tešče in znižal raven encimov pokazateljev jetrne funkcije (ALT, AST, ALP), medtem ko je bila raven TP in ALB pri podganah, ki so prejemale SPEECS izrazito povišana v primerjavi z DM kontrolno skupino. Zdravljenje s  SPEECS je tudi oslabilo aktivnosti SOD in CAT, medtem ko se je raven MDA znatno zmanjšala (P 0,05) v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino DM. Ta študija je pokazala, da lahko SPEECS ublaži hiperglikemijo pri sladkorni bolezni pri podganah.Ključne besede: Copaifera salikounda; oksidativni stres; zdravilne rastline; sladkorna bolezen; fitokemikalije; ortodoksni

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Hypocholestrolemic study of Monothica boxifolia Falc. in induced diabetic Rabbits

2017 ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
TAO SHIHENG
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

In the present examination, antidiabetic capability of Monothica separates (methanol) has been assessed in alloxan-prompted diabetic hares. Fifteen solid, bunnies were separated into four unique gatherings including, Normal control, Diabetic control , treated with Monothicamethanol remove, with 3 hares in each gathering. The concentrates were given orally for 24 hours, 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg extricate per bunny every day. At regular intervals blood test was gathered, serum isolated and absolute glucose level, cholesterol level was controlled by unit strategy. The body weight was recorded on like clockwork interim. The Monothecamethanol extricates lowered blood glucose and cholesterol level demonstrated greatest decrease adequately. The treatment with theseconcentrates additionally diminished the blood glucose and cholesterol. Along these lines, it is presumed that the Monothecapossessnoteworthy antidiabetic movement.

scholarly journals Effect Of The Aqueous Extract Of Nigella Sativa Seeds On Blood Serum Glucose, Cholesterol and Total Protein In · Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Ekklass H. Al-Assede ◽  
Kahtan A. Almzaien
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Group D

The effect of five weeks oral administration of the aqueous extract of Nigella Sativa Seeds (320 mg/kg body weight) on body weight, blood glucose, cholesterol and total protein (albumin and globulin) concentrations in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits was studied.  Twenty-four mature male rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups of eight each. Diabetes was induced experimentally by intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg body weight) into two groups; diabetic group (D), diabetic group which was orally administrated aqueous extract of Nigella Sativa seeds (DN) while the third group served as control(C).  The results showed that the aqueous extract of Nigella Sativa seeds significantly reduced (P<0.01) the blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations in group (DN) and significantly increased the concentration of total protein (albumin and globulin), also inhibited the body weight reduction as compared with diabetic group (D) and the control (C). These results revealed the capability of the extract of Nigella Sativa seeds to ameliorate the biochemical changes induced by alloxan in diabetic rabbits.

scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Dactylorhiza Hatagirea Roots: An Evaluation of Possible Phytoconstituents

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Rashmi Choukarya ◽  
Ashish Choursia ◽  
Jagdish Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorder which causes microvascular and macrovascular complications. Several synthetic drugs used to treat diabetes have adverse effects on prolonged usage. This has given the impetus to the search for alternative medicines with no or less side effects. The plants of Orchidaceae family have displayed antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic activity. However, their antidiabetic properties are yet to be explored. This study sought to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of hydroalcoholic extract of root of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. hatagirea) in diabetic rats. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature and quercetin was detected in hydroalcoholic extract of root of D. hatagirea under study by using RP-HPLC analysis. Percentage inhibition of α-amylase activity by D. hatagirea root extract was estimated with acarbose as the positive control, D. hatagirea extract show dose dependent activity. IC50 value of acarbose and extract was found to 35.33 and 224.45 µg/ml respectively. Diabetes was induced in wistar albino rats by administration of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg; i.p.). The of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight was administrated at a single dose per day to diabetes-induced rats for a period of 15 day. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea root on blood glucose, total cholesterol (TR), triglycerides (TG), total protein and body weight were measured in the diabetic rats. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea root elicited significant reduction in blood glucose (p<0.001), (p<0.01), lipid parameters (TC, TG, total protein) (p<0.01) and significantly increased body weight at the dose of 200 mg/kg when compared with the diabetic-induced control. For future studies, phytochemcials responsible for various activities can be isolated and modified for pharmacological purpose.This study, therefore, justifies the use of the plant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Phytochemical profile, Quercetin, 

scholarly journals Hypoglicemic and Antioxidant Activity of Petiveria alliacea in Diabetic Rat Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Vania Azalia Gunawan ◽  
Harlina Soetjipto ◽  
Arifa Mustika
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Petiveria Alliacea

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia conditions in the body. Various complications of diabetes mellitus are caused by oxidative stress condition. Petiveria alliacea (P. alliacea) is a potential plant and easy to grow in hot regions. Leaf extracts of P. alliacea contain flavonoids and tannins which work as antidiabetic and antioxidant. In addition, other compounds found in P. alliacea leaf extracts like linoleic acid and allantoin show an increase in insulin secretion. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of P. alliacea. Methods: We investigated the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of P. alliacea on STZ-induced diabetic rats. Rats were randomly divided into six groups named normal control, diabetes control, metformin (150 mg/kg/d), low dose of P. alliacea (90 mg/kg/d), intermediate dose (180 mg/kg/d), and high dose (360 mg/kg/d). Rats were orally given the treatment daily in the morning for fourteen days. At the end of the study, blood glucose level was measured and rats were sacrificed to measure blood malondialdehyde level.malondialdehydeResults: P. alliacea extract dose of 90 mg/kg and 360 mg/kg, and also metformin significantly decrease blood glucose levels. P. alliacea extract dose of 360 mg/kg was able to lower blood malondialdehyde level significantly which were not obtained on metformin. Conclusion: This finding suggests that ethanolic extract of P. alliacea possess antidiabetic effect at least on rats.

scholarly journals Effective Dose of Streptozotocin to Induce Diabetes Mellitus and Variation of Biophysical and Biochemical Parameters in Albino Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhasini Padugupati ◽  
S Ramamoorthy ◽  
Kumar Thangavelu ◽  
DVHS Sarma ◽  
Deepak Jamadar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Animal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Peptide

Introduction: There is a need to develop diabetic animal model, to have a better understanding of the complications of diabetes mellitus. The dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes mellitus in animals is important as it may lead to inadequate induction of diabetes or mortality. Intravenous injection of STZ in adult Wistar rats, leads to the degeneration in Langerhans islet β-cells and induces experimental diabetes mellitus in 3-5 days. Aim: To optimise the dose of STZ to create a diabetic animal model with sustained hyperglycaemia and to compare the changes in body weight, serum glucose and C-peptide levels between non diabetic and diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental animal study was conducted at animal house, Pal amur Bioscience Pvt., Ltd. The sample size included 30 albino Wistar rats divided into five groups T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 with six rats in each group (three males and three females). Group T0 was the control, while STZ at different concentrations were administered intraperitoneally in group T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Blood samples were drawn from retro-orbital plexus of animals and blood glucose, C-peptide levels along with the body weight was checked on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day. The F statistics, one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the different groups. Denny’s test was used to compare the control group versus different test groups. Results: When compared with the control group T0 on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day, the test group T1 had no variation in the body weight. On the other hand groups T2, T3 and T4 had variations in the body weights. Initially there was increase in the weight, later here was a gradual decrease in the body weight when compared to the control group. Hyperglycaemic profile (blood glucose level >120 mg/dL) was achieved in group T1, T2, T3 and T4 after 7 days. High mortality rate was observed in group T4 followed by group T3. Group T2 had persistent hyperglycaemia while group T1 had reversible hyperglycaemic profile. The C-peptide levels were gradually decreased in the test groups and it was statistically significant (p-value <0.0001). Conclusion: Intraperitoneal dose of STZ of 55 mg/kg created diabetic animal model with persistent hyperglycaemia. However, dose above increased the mortality rate and below failed to create diabetic animal model.

Protective Effect of Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa Oil Extracts against Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. ◽  
Hassan F. ◽  
Batool S. ◽  
Nadeem M. ◽  
Irshad M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Elevated Blood Glucose

The objective of present study was to analyze and compare the nephroprotective effects of petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum in Swiss albino mice. Petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum were administered (200 mg kg–1) orally for 14 days following one dose of cisplatin injection (16 mg kg–1 i.p.) on 4th day. Cisplatin toxicity was identified in mice by loss of body weight, reduced triglycerides levels, elevated blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa significantly enhanced the body weight (9%) of diabetic rats. Silybum marianum had significantly reduced the elevated blood glucose (–106%), and BUN levels (–9%) as compared to the Nigella sativa administration. Silybum marianum extract also significantly elevated the levels of triglycerides (257%) which were much reduced after the cisplatin injection. Histological study showed that the cisplatin treated group demonstrated the necrosis signs in the glomerulus of Bowman’s capsule, hyalinization and severe cellular damage. The animals administered with extracts showed nearly normal kidney architecture, however, the kidney tissues of Silybum marianum-treated animals showed some improvement with slight signs of cellular damages.

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