scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Dactylorhiza Hatagirea Roots: An Evaluation of Possible Phytoconstituents

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Rashmi Choukarya ◽  
Ashish Choursia ◽  
Jagdish Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorder which causes microvascular and macrovascular complications. Several synthetic drugs used to treat diabetes have adverse effects on prolonged usage. This has given the impetus to the search for alternative medicines with no or less side effects. The plants of Orchidaceae family have displayed antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic activity. However, their antidiabetic properties are yet to be explored. This study sought to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of hydroalcoholic extract of root of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. hatagirea) in diabetic rats. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature and quercetin was detected in hydroalcoholic extract of root of D. hatagirea under study by using RP-HPLC analysis. Percentage inhibition of α-amylase activity by D. hatagirea root extract was estimated with acarbose as the positive control, D. hatagirea extract show dose dependent activity. IC50 value of acarbose and extract was found to 35.33 and 224.45 µg/ml respectively. Diabetes was induced in wistar albino rats by administration of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg; i.p.). The of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight was administrated at a single dose per day to diabetes-induced rats for a period of 15 day. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea root on blood glucose, total cholesterol (TR), triglycerides (TG), total protein and body weight were measured in the diabetic rats. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of D. hatagirea root elicited significant reduction in blood glucose (p<0.001), (p<0.01), lipid parameters (TC, TG, total protein) (p<0.01) and significantly increased body weight at the dose of 200 mg/kg when compared with the diabetic-induced control. For future studies, phytochemcials responsible for various activities can be isolated and modified for pharmacological purpose.This study, therefore, justifies the use of the plant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Dactylorhiza hatagirea, Phytochemical profile, Quercetin, 

scholarly journals Anti-hyperglycemic Effects of Diacerein in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Arsalan Uqaili ◽  
Samia Siddiqui ◽  
Roomi Aijaz ◽  
Yar Muhammad Nizammani ◽  
Navaid Kazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of interleukin-1 inhibitor (diacerein) in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. This experimental study was performed at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam within 6 months from April 2016 to September 2016. Total of 160 adult Albino Wistar Rats having an average of 200 to 300 grams body weights were selected. Animals were categorized into 4 groups as; Group A (n=15): Control rats – receive 0.9% normal saline as placebo Experimental Groups Group B (n=15): Experimental Control (Diabetic rats) - Alloxan50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal. Group C (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (30 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Group D (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (50 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Animals were kept and treated as per the NIH Guideline for Use and Care of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 milligram/kg alloxan monohydrated dissolved in aseptic 0.9% saline. After 72 hours, blood specimens were taken from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose level>200 mg/dL was taken as diabetes. Experimental rats were given diacerein approximately 30 and 50 mg orally for 6 weeks. At the completion of experiment the body weight was measured of each animal by electronic measuring balance and blood sample was taken from each animal of all groups to assess the blood glucose level and HbA1c level. Data were recorded via self-made proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Average body weight of Diabetic control (Group B) was 193.33±22.50 grams, which was lower in contrast to Diacerein treated group C 202.47±25.70 grams and significantly lower as compared to Diacerein treated group D as  212.6±23.43 grams. A significant increase in blood glucose levels 182.07±10.63 mg/dl was noted in the Diabetic control (Group B) compared to Diacerein treated group C (110.13± 8.54 mg/dl) and group D (85.87±8.41 mg/dl) (P=0.001). HbA1c was markedly raised in the Group B- diabetic controls, while diacerein treated diabetic rats (groups C and D) showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that Diacerein achieves the Euglycemic state by reducing the levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-Induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats.

ANTIDIABETIC EVALUATION OF CHONEMORPHA MACROPHYLLA ROOTS BY IN VIVO METHODS USING MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS AND ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
K. R. Krishna Kumar ◽  
◽  
K. K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Isolated Rat

Antidiabetic activity of 95% and 50% ethanol extracts of C. macrophylla roots was evaluated using male Wistar albino rats to gather support for the promising results of glucose uptake against normal control in studies conducted on L-6 muscle cell lines as well as isolated rat hemidiaphragm. Initially, preliminary phytochemical studies were performed and identified the presence of phenolics, flavonoids and their glycosides. Before doing in vivo experiment, by following RRR concept, glucose uptake in L-6 muscle cell lines were performed, detected better glucose uptake against normal control and decided to do in vivo experiments. The estimation of glucose uptake in isolated rat hemidiaphragm treated with the extract was employed for the study of peripheral glucose uptake and the results were significant. Content of blood glucose was high in STZ-diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. Treatment of STZ-diabetic rats with the test extract ME -CM RH significantly reduced the hyperglycaemia when compared with STZ only treated rats. Rats lost their body weight after STZ treatment, which was reversed by the treatment of test extracts and gliclazide. HbA1C levels were higher in the STZ-induced diabetic rats compared to the normal control rats. Treatment with ME-CMRH (methanol eluate – CMRH) decreased the HbA1C level of the STZ induced diabetic rats. Antidiabetic activity of the test extract ME-CMRH at 500 mg/kg body weight dose was comparable with the effect produced by the standard drug gliclazide in restoring the levels of blood glucose, body weight and HbA1C towards normal levels. The above data are indicative of the antidiabetic potential of C. macrophylla roots. In the evaluation of mechanism of action by gene expression studies, upregulation of Glut-4 as well as PPAR-γ were demonstrated.

scholarly journals Inhibition ofα-Glucosidase by Thiosulfinate as a Target for Glucose Modulation in Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Predisposing Factor

Postprandial hyperglycemia is a predisposing factor for vascular dysfunction and organ damage.α-glucosidase is a hydrolytic enzyme that increases the glucose absorption rate and subsequently elevates blood glucose levels. Garlic (Allium sativumL.) is a rich source of several phytonutrients, including thiosulfinate (THIO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of THIO, a potent inhibitor of intestinalα-glucosidase, to reduce postprandial blood glucose. Male albino rats were randomly assigned to five different groups (n=10/group). Group 1 served as the control group. Groups 2–5 were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Group 2 comprised untreated diabetic rats. Groups 3 and 4 contained diabetic rats that were given THIO orally (20 mg/kg body weight/day and 40 mg/kg body weight/day, resp.). Group 5 was the positive control having diabetic rats treated orally with acarbose (10 mg/kg body weight/day; positive control). Diabetic rats treated with THIO displayed a significant blood glucose reduction (p<0.001and < 0.01 by analysis of variance, resp.) and a significant elevation in insulin compared with that of untreated rats. THIO is an effective noncompetitive intestinalα-glucosidase inhibitor that promotes hypoglycemic action (p<0.001) in STZ-injected rats. THIO is a promising agent for the management of postprandial hyperglycemia.

Studies on hypoglycaemic effects of polyherbal preparation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 679-687
Author(s):  
A. Ismail Khan ◽  
S. Yuvaraj ◽  
E. Suthagar ◽  
C. Parthasarathy ◽  
K. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Insulin Level

Many traditional treatments have been recommended in the alternative system of medicine for diabetes mellitus. However, the mode of action of most of the herbals used has not been defined. It has been reported that sex hormones are important regulators of insulin-mediated events in skeletal muscles. In view of this, a novel herbal preparation containing antidiabetic and aphrodisiac plants was used in the present study. Adult male albino rats were divided into following groups after induction of diabetes. Rats were given an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ), at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight after overnight fasting, to induce diabetic state with blood glucose levels >250 mg/dL. Group 1—Control rats treated with single i.p. injection of vehicle, Group 2—Rats treated with polyherbal preparation (PHP; 500 mg/kg body weight by oral intubation, morning and evening for 30 days), Group 3—STZ-diabetic rats treated orally with equal volumes of vehicle (water) alone and Group 4—STZ-diabetic rats treated with PHP after 10 days of diabetic induction. STZ-diabetes decreased the body weight, serum insulin level and glucose oxidation in liver and skeletal muscles but increased the fasting blood glucose level. After polyherbal treatment, body weight and glucose oxidation were completely restored to control level while serum insulin level was restored partially and the glucose tolerance was significantly improved. There was a significant decrease in total haemoglobin (Hb) level of diabetic rats when compared to control but polyherbal treatment significantly improved the same. However, the other parameters studied (red blood cell [RBC], white blood corpuscle [WBC], packed cell volume [PCV], mean corpuscular volume [MCV] and mean corpuscular haemoglobin [MCH]) were unaltered. In conclusion, the anti-diabetic properties of PHP appear to be mediated through pancreatic β-cell regeneration, resulting in maintenance of optimal blood glucose and its oxidation in liver and skeletal muscles.

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Treculia africana Aqueous Leaves Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Idris A. Kankara ◽  
Gayus A. Paulina ◽  
M. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Treculia Africana

This study investigated the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of Treculia africana plant used in Nigeria as medicinal plant. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single dose intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 150 mg/kg body weight. Twenty five (25) male albino rats were divided into five groups, five (5) rats per group; normal control, diabetic control and diabetic groups treated with aqueous leaves extract of 200,400 and 800 mg/Kg body weight respectively for 21 days orally. The effects of the extract on some biochemical parameters were evaluated; fasting blood glucose level was assayed using glucose oxidase method, total cholesterol and HDL –cholesterol were assayed using enzymatic method while LDL- cholesterol was determined by Friedewald equation. The results showed that, extract significantly (p<0.05) decrease the elevated fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL- cholesterol when compared with the diabetic control rats. The extract also caused significant (p<0.05) increased in HDL –cholesterol and body weight when compared with diabetic control rats. Aqueous leave extract of Treculia africana possess hypoglycemic effect and the most effective dose was 800 mg/Kg body weight in amelioration of hyperglycaemia and most all toxicity effects of alloxan on lipid profile.

scholarly journals ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) AGAINST ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyere Aloke ◽  
Emmanuel Igwe ◽  
Nwogo Obasi ◽  
Pascal Amu ◽  
Egwu Ogbonnia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner

Accumulating evidences have reinforced the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of various ailments as a result of negative side effects associated with conventional drugs. Plant components such as phenols and flavonoids with antioxidant potential have confirmed protective roles against oxidative stress-induced degenerative diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM). The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of seed pod ethanol extract from Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. SPEECS was obtained by maceration of seed pod powder in absolute ethanol for 72 h, filtered, concentrated and dried in-vacuo. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique was used to quantitatively elucidate the chemical constituents of SPEECS. Twenty-four male albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): normal control, DM control, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS and DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS groups. DM was induced in the Wistar albino rats through intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg body weight of alloxan. After 14 days of treatment, the body weight changes and the fasting blood glucose level were determined in the different groups. Also, serum biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated. The GC-MS results confirm nine bioactive compounds with 9-octadecenoic acid (55.75%) being most abundant. SPEECS (200 and 400 mg/kg) administration significantly (P 0.05) caused gain in weight, decreased fasting blood glucose and reversed the elevated liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) while total TP and ALB were markedly elevated relative to DM control group. Furthermore, SPEECS attenuated the activities of SOD and CAT while the level of MDA was significantly (P 0.05) decreased in dose dependent manner in comparison to the DM control. This study indicated that SPEECS can alleviate hyperglyceamia of DM. Key words: Copaifera salikounda; oxidative stress; medicinal plants; diabetes mellitus; phytochemicals; orthodox ANTIDIABETIČNI UČINEK EKSTRAKTA ETANOLA Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) NA SLADKORNO BOLEZEN, SPROŽENO Z ALLOXAN-om, PRI PODGANAHIzvleček: Obstaja vedno več dokazov, ki poudarjajo uporabnost zdravilnih rastlin pri zdravljenju različnih bolezni, tudi zaradi različnih negativnih stranskih učinkov, povezanih s konvencionalnimi zdravili. Rastlinske sestavine kot so fenoli in flavonoidi z antioksidativnim potencialom, imajo po nekaterih raziskavah zaščitno vlogo pred degenerativnimi boleznimi, ki jih povzroča oksidativni stres, kot je sladkorna bolezen diabetes mellitus (DM). Študija je bila izvedena z namenom raziskovanja učinka etanolnega semenskega ekstrakta iz rastline Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) pri podganah s sladkorno boleznijo, ki jo je povzročil alloxan. SPEECS je bil pridobljen z maceracijo praška semen v prahu v absolutnem etanolu 72 ur ter nadaljnjo filtracijo, koncentracijo in sušenjem v vakuumu. Za kvantitativno ugotavljanje kemijskih sestavin SPEECS je bila uporabljena tehnika plinske kromatografije in masne spektrometrije (GC-MS). Štiriindvajset samcev podgan Wistar je bilo naključno razporejenih v štiri skupine (n=6): normalna kontrola, kontrola DM, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS in DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS. DM je bil pri podganah sprožen z intraperitonealno injekcijo 200 mg/kg telesne mase alloxana. Po 14 dneh zdravljenja so bile pri različnih skupinah določene spremembe telesne teže in nivo glukoze v krvi (na tešče). Poleg tega so avtorji raziskave izmerili še nekatere serumske biokemične parametre kot so ravni alaninske aminotransferaze (ALT), aspartatne aminotransferaze (AST), alkalne fosfataze (ALP), albumina (ALB), skupnih proteinov (TP), malondialdehida (MDA), superoksiddismutaze (SOD) in katalaze (CAT). Rezultati GC-MS so v izvlečku SPEECS pokazali devet bioaktivnih spojin, v katerih je največ 9-oktadecenojske kisline (55,75%). SPEECS (200 in 400 mg/kg) je povzročil znatno (P 0,05) povečanje telesne mase, znižanje glukoze v krvi na tešče in znižal raven encimov pokazateljev jetrne funkcije (ALT, AST, ALP), medtem ko je bila raven TP in ALB pri podganah, ki so prejemale SPEECS izrazito povišana v primerjavi z DM kontrolno skupino. Zdravljenje s  SPEECS je tudi oslabilo aktivnosti SOD in CAT, medtem ko se je raven MDA znatno zmanjšala (P 0,05) v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino DM. Ta študija je pokazala, da lahko SPEECS ublaži hiperglikemijo pri sladkorni bolezni pri podganah.Ključne besede: Copaifera salikounda; oksidativni stres; zdravilne rastline; sladkorna bolezen; fitokemikalije; ortodoksni

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of combined milk thistle and fenugreek seeds in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1732-1736
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jamal Saadh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Background and Aim: Despite the availability of antidiabetic drugs, they are not free from associated adverse side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of oral administration of seeds from two medicinal plants: (1) Milk thistle and (2) fenugreek. Materials and Methods: Plant seeds were washed in distilled water and ground with a coffee grinder. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes in 20 male albino rats. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into two groups: (1) Group 1 (n=10), diabetic rats fed with 0.5 g/kg milk thistle and 2 g/kg fenugreek seeds per day and (2) Group 2 (n=10), diabetic rats fed standard rodent food for 4 weeks. Results: Oral administration of milk thistle and fenugreek seeds for 2 weeks resulted in significant improvement in body weight, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. After 4 weeks, this ameliorative effect was significantly elevated with respect to blood glucose (155.00±9.70 mg/ dL vs. 427.50±5.70 mg/dL; p<0.001), HbA1c (5.5±0.19% vs. 13.65±1.77%; p<0.001), cholesterol (281.50±10.95 mg/dL vs. 334.30±6.80 mg/dL; p<0.001), triglyceride (239.60±6.87 mg/dL vs. 284.20±9.95 mg/dL; p<0.01), and body weight (265.30±8.10 g vs. 207.40±11.4 g; p<0.01) as compared with non-treated diabetic rats. Conclusion: Milk thistle and fenugreek seeds possess hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties and could be used as natural compounds that are suitable as parent compounds for the development of new antidiabetic drugs.

scholarly journals Study of Blood Glucose and SGPT lowering effect of Eucalyptus Lanceolata Linn. in Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2015 ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
MINGYUE YAOA
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Diabetic Rabbit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Plants Extract

The part of the plant to curing the diabetes mellitus and improves available data on plants with hypoglycemic effects. Antidiuretic potential of eucalyptus extracts has been evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit. Here we used, plants extract about 256 kg were mix with 1000 ml methanol and keep in Flask. After filtering the extracts were exposed to rotary evaporator machine that methanol separated from plant extract. In the Nine rabbit were divided into three different groups. The body weight was recorded on every 6 days interval. The data obtained revealed that eucalyptus extracts reduced the glucose level effectively. Such treatment with extracts decreased the SGPT level. Therefore, it is concluded that the eucalyptus possesses significant antidiabetic activity. And finally, we recommend this plant for medicinal uses and for pharmaceutical industries to isolate pure drugs.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Effects of the Ethanolic Root Extract ofUvaria chamaeP. Beauv (Annonaceae) in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats: A Potential Alternative Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jonathan Emeka Emordi ◽  
Esther Oluwatoyin Agbaje ◽  
Ibrahim Adekunle Oreagba ◽  
Osede Ignis Iribhogbe
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Diabetes mellitus has been a menace to mankind from time immemorial. However, a natural product such asU. chamaeP. Beauv (Annonaceae) offers alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus. The study aimed at evaluating antidiabetic activity of the ethanolic root extract ofU. chamaein alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague Dawley rats after overnight fast with 150 mg/kg alloxan intraperitoneally. After 72 h, those with plasma glucose levels >200 mg/dl were classified as diabetic. Five diabetic rats in each group were treated daily for 14 days orally with 100, 250, and 400 mg/kg of the extract, glibenclamide (71 µg/kg) and pioglitazone (429 µg/kg), respectively, while another group was untreated. Control received 0.5 ml ofAcacia senegal. Effects of extract on glucose, other biochemical, and hematological parameters were evaluated.α-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibitory activities of extract and its fractions were also evaluated. Percentage inhibition and IC50values were determined. Diabetic control was achieved on the 7th day of the study with 100, 250, and 400 mg/kg of the extract showing glucose reduction of 72.14%, 78.75%, and 87.71%, respectively. The HDL-cholesterol levels of diabetic rats treated with extracts were significantly increased. Extract and its fractions causedα-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition. Histologically, pancreas of diabetic rats treated with extract showed regenerated islet cells which were not seen in rats treated with glibenclamide and pioglitazone. This study showed thatU. chamaehas antidiabetic activity which may be throughα-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition and regeneration of pancreatic beta cells. Also, it may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by increasing HDL-cholesterol levels.

The anti-diabetic effect of some plant extracts against Streptozotocin - induced diabetes type 2 in male albino rats.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba F. Gomaa ◽  
Imen Ben Abdelmalek ◽  
Khaled G. Abdel-Wahhab
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Albino Rats

Background: One of the widely spread disorders is Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 (T2DM). T2DM is attributed to the change in life style and stress. A possible strategy to block dietary carbohydrate absorption, is regulation of postprandial blood glucose level as well, the use of some natural plant extracts with inhibitory effect against carbohydrate digestive enzymes such as alpha-amylase and fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. This study was conducted to investigate the anti-diabetic effect of Cinnamon and Saussurea extract, individually, on blood glucose, lipid profile, insulin, interleukin1-beta and weight loss in diabetic rats treated with Streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: The experiment was performed on 60 Wistar male rats, the experimental study include 6 groups (10 rats each): (I) normal rats, (II) Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats, (III) normal rats orally received (200 mg/kg/day) Saussurea ethanolic extract (SEE) for consecutive 4 weeks, (IV) normal rats orally received (100mg/kg/day) Cinnamon aqueous extract (CAE) for consecutive 4 weeks, (V) Streptozotocin –treated rats received SEE orally (200mg /kg/ day) for consecutive 4 weeks, and (VI) Streptozotocin –treated rats received CAE orally (100mg /kg/ day) for consecutive 4 weeks. Results: The results of the following study revealed that SEE has more anti-diabetic effect against Streptozotocin treatment than CAE due to the high α-amylase inhibition potential and higher phenolic content, Also, GC-MS analysis of SEE exhibited higher concentrations of phenolic compounds such as : dehydrocostus lactone, azuleno, eicosa-pentaenoic acid and linoelaidic acid that revealed anti-diabetic, anti-lipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities, while CAE showed presence of cinnamic and quinic acids. Injection of STZ resulted in a decline in the insulin, high density lipoprotein and body weight values matched with increase of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, triglycerides and interleukin1- β (IL-1β). The administration of extracts of SEE and CAE into STZ-treated rats separately resulted in a decline in the elevated levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and improving serum HDL-Cholesterol and body weight. Conclusion: Both tested herbal extracts performed anti-diabetic effect that mainly could be mechanized via the α-amylaseinhibitory potentials due to the high phenolic and flavonoids content.

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