scholarly journals Biochemical evaluation of the assortment of pumpkin vegetable crops for the creation of functional food products

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
Medelyaeva A Yu ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
I B Kirina ◽  
L V Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
High Yields

Abstract It is known that vegetables are sources of vitamins, biologically active substances, antioxidants and other vital micronutrients. In particular, pumpkin vegetable crops (zucchini, squash) contain all the necessary mineral salts, vitamins, trace elements, pectin substances, ascorbic acid and not too many sugars. Varieties of vegetable crops are characterized by a diverse biochemical composition and are suitable to various degrees for obtaining processed products for therapeutic, preventive and functional purposes. The article considers the assortment of zucchini and squash by yield and the most important indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: the content of dry substances, sugars, vitamin C; the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit. High water content of zucchini and squash fruits (94-96%), low sugar content ( 1.5-3.5%) were found. Squash has a higher yield (25-90 t / ha), compared to zucchini (4-11 t/ha). Nevertheless, zucchini contain 3-4 times more vitamin C in the fruit and accumulate 3-4 times less nitrates than squash, having almost 10 times more of vitamin value. At the same time, squash is 2-3 times less than zucchini, accumulating nitrates. Of the 7 studied varieties of zucchini, the hybrid Belogor F1 and the variety Tsukesha were distinguished, which have high yield, high fruit quality and vitamin value. Of the 15 studied varieties of squash, the varieties Perlinka, Pyatachok and Tabolinsky were identified, which have high yields, high fruit qualities and vitamin value, and weakly accumulate nitrates.

scholarly journals Biochemical and agro-technological evaluation of the assortment of tomatoes to create a functional food

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
A Yu Medelyaeva ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
S I Danilin ◽  
D V Akishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Technological Evaluation

Abstract Tomatoes are the main vegetable crops in open and protected ground. Currently, a huge number of varieties and hybrids have been created for industrial and amateur vegetable growing, which differ in the type of bush, yield, early maturity, marketability, disease resistance, color, shape, size, mechanical strength, and biochemical composition of fruits (content of dry substances, sugars, vitamins, mineral salts, organic acids and other vital ingredients). Therefore, not all varieties are equally suitable for processing into functional food products. The article considers the assortment of tomatoes for open ground by yield, marketable qualities and the main indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: acidity, dry matter content, sugars, vitamin C, the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit, as well as by taste. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of 9 varieties of tomatoes, the varieties Nepryadva, Belkhavsky and Pulsar were identified, which have high yield, marketability, taste qualities of fruits, vitamin value and suitability for processing into functional products. In breeding for use as sources, the main economically valuable traits are of interest: yield and marketability of fruits – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Pulsar, the size of the fruit – Belkowski, Pulsar; the content of dry substances Belkovsky, Bui-Tur, Nepryadva, Pulsar; vitamin C – Belkowski, Bui-Tur, Pulsar; on the accumulation of nitrate – Nepryadva, Shuttle, Beljavsky, Kulon; taste – Belkowski, Nepryadva, Bui-Tur, Pulsar, Yakhont.

BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF REMONTANT RASPBERRY BERRIES IN THE CISBAIKALIA CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Е. N. Kiseleva ◽  
М. А. Rachenko ◽  
O. F. Zhilkina ◽  
T. N. Malova ◽  
Е. G. Aksamentova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Active Substances

A comparative assessment of a remontant and common raspberries biochemical composition is given. The biochemical composition of a remontant raspberries cultivated in Cisbaikalia corresponds to the minimum physiological human need for biologically active substances. The content of sugars, vitamins (C, A, B1, B2, E and PP) and microelements has been studied. It was found that the frozen berry contains a sufficient amount of vitamin C, sugars and trace elements for daily consumption. The dietary value of raspberries is noted, due to the predominant accumulation of fructose and glucose. The minimum sugar content of berries in the Eurasia variety. A variety with a high content of vitamin C and sugars has been identified, it is Rubinovor ozherelie. The Zharptitsa and Rubinovoe ozherelie varieties are sources of iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and Penguin, Hercules, Orange miracle, Bellflower, form 16-136-6 are calcium. The Rubinovoe ozherelie variety contains a lot of sugars, vitamins and micronutrients, and also has a high organoleptic rating.

scholarly journals Biochemical and technological evaluation of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) for functional food products

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
A Yu Medelyaeva ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
E N Lisova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Hot Peppers ◽  
Technological Evaluation ◽  
High Yields

Abstract Pepper is one of the main nightshade vegetables in open and protected ground. There are a large number of varieties and hybrids that differ in agrotechnological characteristics and biochemical composition of fruits (content of dry substances, sugars, vitamins and other biologically active substances). However, not all varieties are suitable for being processed into functional food products. The article considers the assortment of sweet and hot peppers for open ground in terms of yield, commercial qualities and biochemical composition of fruits: the content of dry substances, sugars, vitamin C. Comprehensive assessment of 8 varieties of sweet peppers and 5 varieties of hot peppers identified the varieties Spartak, Kvazar and Pleiades (sweet pepper) and varieties G-1713 and Debut (hot pepper), which have high yields, marketability, vitamin value and suitability for processing into functional products. In breeding work, varieties of sweet pepper are of interest for use as sources of the main economically valuable traits: by yield – Spartak, Pleiades; by weight of fruits – Kvazar; pericarp wall thickness – Spartak, Kvazar; by the content of sugars and dry substances – Spartak, Biktash; by the content of vitamin C – Spartak, Biktash, Kvazar, Pleiades; hot pepper varieties: by yield – G-1713; by weight of fruits – Debut, Kozerog, G-1713; by the content of dry matter and vitamin C – Kozerog, G-1713; by vitamin C content – Debut.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF APPLE FRUITS OF ALTAI VARIETIES AS A SOURCE OF NUTRITIOUS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Autumn And Winter

A comparative analysis of the varietal variability of the fruits of 71 varieties of apple trees of Altai selection in terms of biochemical composition, according to generally accepted methods using statistical variation analysis based on long-term research, was carried out. Correlations were revealed between the content of chemical elements depending on other characteristics of the fruit and the period of ripening. The average content of soluble dry matter in fruits is from an average 15.5% in summer varieties to a high 16.2–16.3% in varieties with autumn and winter ripening. On average, the content of total sugars in fruits is high and varies insignificantly from 12.7 to 12.9%, the content of titratable acids in fruits is high – 1.0%. The content of ascorbic acid is higher in fruits of varieties with summer ripening and is 24.0 mg / 100 g, with autumn – 19.6 mg / 100 g, with winter – 22.0 mg / 100 g. As a result of selection for the qualitative improvement of fruits apple trees in Altai revealed a negative correlation of the biochemistry of the fetus, depending on its size for all indicators. Fruits of a significant part of varieties created in Altai have good taste, of which 27 have a sugar-acid index of 15–25. The fruits of the varieties Alpek, Altai Velvet, Altai New Year, Altai ruddy, Altai sweet, Gornoaltayskoe, Zolotaya taiga, Pepinka Altai have a very high sugar content of more than 15%, a high value of the sum of sugars – in fruits of 59 varieties from 10.0 to 14.9%. Varieties with high biochemical characteristics are their sources in breeding for improved biochemical composition of fruits.

scholarly journals Determination of Selected Priority Pesticides in High Water Fruits and Vegetables by Modified QuEChERS and GC-ECD with GC-MS/MS Confirmation

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Tankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
High Water ◽  
International Agency ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Quechers Method ◽  
Relative Standard

A modified quick, easy, cheap, efficient, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method coupled to gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) was developed for simultaneous determination of selected electronegative pesticides in fruits and vegetables with high water content. The chosen compounds are commonly detected in fruit and vegetable crops, and some of their metabolites have even been found in human urine. In addition, some of them are known or suspected carcinogens according to the International Agency for Research of Cancer. Extraction and clean up parameters were optimized, thus the original QuEChERS method was modified to decrease solvent usage, in accordance with ‘green chemistry’ principles. The proposed methodology was validated in terms of selectivity, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy. The obtained limits of detection (LODs) for all investigated pesticides ranged from 5.6 µg·kg−1 to 15 µg·kg−1 and limits of quantification (LOQs) from 17 µg·kg−1 to 45 µg·kg−1. The obtained data demonstrated the good reproducibility and stability of the procedure in the tested concentration range up to 10 mg·kg−1, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 10%. Recoveries for spiked pear samples at LOQ level for each pesticide were from 90% to 107% with RSDs lower than 9.6%. The suitability of the developed procedure was tested on various fruit and vegetable samples available on the market at different seasons. The proposed methodology is applicable for detection and monitoring of selected pesticides not only in fruits and vegetables with high water content, but also in samples containing large amounts of pigments and dyes.

Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Tomato Fruit under the Influence of Illumination Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Ieva Erdberga ◽  
Ina Alsina ◽  
Laila Dubova ◽  
Māra Dūma ◽  
Daiga Sergejeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tomato Yield

Tomatoes are one of the most consumed vegetables in the world. Unfortunately, obtaining a high quality tomato yield in our latitudes is inconceivable without additional lighting. Changes in biochemical composition are mainly dependent on the light received by the plant. During the winter months, natural daylight at 55 ° latitude is insufficient to provide the necessary vegetation for fruit-bearing vegetables. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in the biochemical composition of tomato fruits by using less conventional lighting methods, which could offer potential energy savings by providing higher levels of biologically active substances in tomatoes. The study was conducted in a greenhouse of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies during the winter season 2018-2019, using a 16-hour photoperiod. LED, Induction, and High Pressure Sodium Lamps (as control) were used in the study. These lighting devices, with some differences, simulate daylight. Three tomato cultivars: ‘Diamont F1’, Encor F1’and ‘Balzano F1’were studied. The study specified the tomato yield and the following biochemical parameters: soluble sugars (BRIX), vitamin C, organic acids, lycopene, carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids. As expected, the yield and species-specific pigment content of tomato fruit is largely dependent on the genetics of the variety. On the other hand, biologically active compounds such as organic acids, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid and flavonoids undergo more changes due to the composition of the light. The obtained biochemical parameters give an opportunity to consider different illumination methods and the need to carry out further studies in order to confirm the conclusions. Significantly higher yields were observed in the variant with conventionally used high pressure sodium lamps. In mean time, it should be noted that in the variant with LED lamps, higher content of lycopene as well as phenols and vitamin C were observed.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERFORMS AND RATES ON TOMATO FRUIT QUALITY INDICES

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
A.V. Pastukhova ◽  
◽  
A.F. Petrov ◽  
N.V. Gavrilets ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Solids Content

This paper discussesthe results findings on the effect of nitrogen fertilizers as urea-ammonia liquor (KAS-32) and ammonium nitrate of various application rates (40,80 and 120 kg of primary nutrient per ha) on the quality of tomato fruits grown on the field and under cover.Various research methods were tested. They made it possible to identify biologically active substances of tomato fruits which helped to examine fruit chemical composition of experimental vari-eties with the determination of dry solids, total sugar, vita-minC, total acidity, lycopene and nitrates. It was found that under cover, the application of nitrogen-containing fertiliz-ers increased dry solids by an average of 23-25%, total sugar -by 55-61%, vitamin C -by 33-41% as compared to the control. On the field, the dry solids content increased by 35-45%, total sugar -by 74-83% and vitamin C -by 37-42%. However, the application of the maximum rates of N120fertilizer decreased dry solids content by 5-6% as compared to N80. At the same time, there was an increase of fruit total acidity as compared to the control: up to 32% under cover, and up to 16% on the field. Although as sugar content increased, the acidity had almost no effect on the eating qualities. In all variants, the nitrate content did not exceed themaximum permissible concentration. The ob-tained data confirmed the positive effect of certain rates of nitrogen-containing fertilizers on the structure, quality and safety of the obtained tomatoes. This result will make it possible to recommend the testedmethods and rates of fertilization during the growing season.

Physicochemical, nutritional and microbiological characteristics of traditional table olives from Southern Portugal

2018 ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Pires-Cabral, Tânia Barros, Patrícia Nunes, Célia Quintas
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Food Product ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Table Olives ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Southern Portugal

Table olives (Olea europaea) are an important fermented product of the Mediterranean diet food pattern and Portugal is one of the biggest producers in Europe. Three different cultivars produced traditionally in Southern Portugal were studied, Maçanilha Algarvia, Cobrançosa and Galega, which were all processed through natural fermentations, although prepared differently. Maçanilha green were cracked, Cobrançosa turning color split, and Galega black prepared as a whole. At the end of the fermentation, the microbiological, physicochemical and nutritional characteristics were studied following standard methodologies. All the fruits showed a good pulp/stone ratio, confirming their aptitude to produce table olives, though their color and texture were statistically different. The three table olives showed suitable acidity and pH values, in addition to a high water content, followed by fat, low-sugar content and fairly low dietary fiber, resulting in a valuable energy food product. Nutritionally, the olives were not significantly different, however Galega had the highest total phenolic content. Statistical differences were observed among their fatty acid composition, with Galega and Maçanilha having the highest oleic and linoleic contents, respectively. The mesophilic microorganisms, the fungi and the LAB were 5.3, 4.7, 4.0 Log CFU/g, 5.9, 5.0, 4.4 Log CFU/g and 5.6, 3.7, 3.7 Log CFU/g for Maçanilha, Cobrançosa and Galega, respectively. No E. coli, staphylococci, Salmonella sp. and Listeria monocytogenes were detected in the samples.  The table olives studied revealed an excellent microbial quality and are a good source of phenolics and total unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic and oleic acids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the carrot gene pool for yield and quality indicators at Volgograd Experiment Station of VIR

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
V. E. Pryanishnikova ◽  
T. V. Khmelinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Yields

The Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain is among the areas with insufficient rainfall, where high air temperatures in summer are coupled with low humidity. An urgent task is to select carrot cultivars adapted to irrigated cultivation conditions. For this purpose, 101 carrot accessions of diverse origin were studied at Volgograd Experiment Station. The study was accomplished according to the guidelines developed by VIR.The tested carrot accessions demonstrated different responses to abrupt changes in the temperature and water regimes. At the same time, differences were found in the yield and quality of roots. An important indicator was the stability of root yield. High-yielding cultivars with relatively stable yields were identified: ‘Nesravnennaya’ (k-1528, Russia), ‘Leninakanskaya’ (k-1936, Armenia), ‘Asmer Early market’ (k-2304, UK), and ‘Konservnaya-63’ (k-2320, Moldova). High yields and good marketability were shown by cvs. ‘Nantes’ (k-1438, Bulgaria), ‘Leninakanskaya’ (k-1936, Armenia), ‘Danvers’ (k-2167, USA), ‘Konservnaya-63’ (к2320, Moldova), ‘All Season’ (k-2598, Australia), and ‘Rogneda’ (k-2611, Russia). These cultivars originated mostly from arid areas. The content of chemical compounds in roots was highly variable, depending on the cultivar (hybrid) and, in particular, on the growing conditions. For example, the sugar content ranged from 3.0 to 6.85%, ascorbic acid from 7.9 to 12.2 mg/100 g, and carotene from 9.5 to 17.9 mg/100 g. The tests revealed a considerable variability in main agronomic characters of the carrot accessions, especially when high-yielding cultivars were concerned: they were the most sensitive to cultivation in arid environments and suffered a decrease in marketability. As a result of the study, carrot accessions combining high yield, good marketability and beneficial chemical composition were identified. They are promising for breeding programs aimed at the development of cultivars adaptable to high summer temperatures and low humidity. 

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