scholarly journals Cropping Pattern and Socio-Economic Study of Ethnic People in the Hilly Areas of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Joti Lal Barua ◽  
Nazrul Islam Khan ◽  
Sagarmay Barua ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Mohsin ◽  
M R Islam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Tribal People ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Cultivable Land

The study was conducted at some hilly areas of Bangladesh during the period of January to May 2009 and during April to May, 2010. This was done to evaluate socio-economic condition of the ethnic people and to find out the existing cropping pattern in the hilly areas of Bangladesh. A total of 810 households from Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarban were selected randomly. Socio-economic profiles of the households indicated that the most household respondent belonged to thirty-forty five years age group followed by forty five- sixty years, fifteen- thirty years and sixty-seventy five years age group. This indicates that household respondents were younger (thirty-forty five years) in the study areas. It was found that, among the tribal people Marma were found highest rate of illiteracy followed by Shaontal, Tanchanga, Chakma, and Tripura. The tribal people of Tripura were not found to be below Primary level in the study area. The percentage of agriculture and service were found equal in Chakma tribal people in the study area. The Marma people were not found as a service holder because of their low education level. Cultivable land use pattern among the ethnic people revealed that out of 810 ethnic households 222 households were involved in cultivation (27.4%). It also showed that 55.4% households harvested single crop, 26.3% households harvested double crops, 10.8% households harvested triple crops in a year and only 7.5% households practiced jhum cultivation.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 119-126

scholarly journals Fisheries and socio-economic condition of fisher’s community of Eshulia beel at Gouripur upazila under Mymensingh district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-361
Author(s):  
Jinat Jahan Bornali ◽  
Md Afjal Hossain Chowdhury ◽  
Sudip Bhattacharya ◽  
Farzana Akter ◽  
Rabeya Yesmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Pertinent Data

The study was conducted to determine the present status of fisheries and socio-economic conditions of the fisher’s community of Eshulia beel at Gouripur upazila under Mymensingh district for a period from February to November, 2013. Relevant information and pertinent data were collected by personal observation and other three participatory methods such as questionnaire interview, focus group discussion (FGD) and cross-check interview. A total of 58 fish species belong to 18 families were identified in the catches of different gears. Among them 37 species were resident, 14 species were non-resident and 7 species were exotic. Thirteen different kinds of fishing gears were identified under 5 major groups including 5 nets, 3 traps, 2 hooks, 2 spears and khata/zag in the beel. It was found that 65% of the fishermen were Muslim and 35% were Hindu. Most of the fishermen belonged to the age group of 36-50 years. In case of education, 32.5% were illiterate, 40% can sign only, 15% of the fishers had literacy up to primary level , 7.5% had literacy up to secondary level and 5% had higher secondary and above. 75% of the fishermen's houses are katcha, 17.5% are tinshed and only 7.5% are half building. About 5% of the fishermen had high (TK 100000-TK 200000) income; 42.5% had medium (TK 51000-TK 100000) income and 52.5% had low (TK 25000-TK50000) income. No fisheries management regulations were followed in the beel. Recommendations were made to improve beel fisheries management through fish stocking, habitat restoration and active community participation for sustainable catch. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 353-361, August 2019

scholarly journals Epidemiological Aspect of Dog Bite and Response of The Dog Bite Victims Attending Vaccination Centre of Sadar Hospital, Sirajganj

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Ahmed Nawsher Alam ◽  
Mahmuda Siddiqua ◽  
Asma Siddiqua ◽  
Nasreen Akther ◽  
Moushumi Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Epidemiological Aspect ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Background: Rabies is a public health problem in Bangladesh, with poorer people and children being mainly affected. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the behaviours of dog bite victims following a bite and to assess the knowledge and attitude about rabies among dog bite victims. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional type of descriptive study was designed where individual people who came to the vaccination centre from the month of April 2015 to July 2015 for post-exposure prophylaxis were considered. They were interviewed and followed during subsequent visits until they had received their final dose of vaccination. Result: Among the victims, males 60.9% were more common than females 39.1% and most of them were children aged below 20 years 51 %, mostly from rural areas 69.3%, had very little primary 46.1% or no education 24.7%. Victims were bitten mostly at their legs 89.3%. In response to question regarding what happens following dog bite, 49% couldn't say anything, and 46% mentioned hydrophobia. Most of them (87%) know that rabies can be transmitted from dogs to humans; 68.4% had no idea that rabies can be prevented in dogs. Though 82.3% bite victims didn't know that rabies in humans can be prevented before a dog bite, 77.7% knew that rabies can be prevented after a dog bite. Use of soap and water was found lowest 13.1% among those who had education upto primary level and highest 53.9% in graduates. Conclusion: This study showed that most victims didn't take any washing measures before visiting to hospital which is one of the most important measures recommended by WHO and it was found mostly who had low education level. It also observed that knowledge gap about rabies among the dog bite victims decreased with increased education level. KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-4, January 2019, Page 148-152

Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan ◽  
Mohd Razali Salleh ◽  
Ghazali Ahmad ◽  
Zaleha Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Education

Depression and cognitive impairment are the most common complications of patients on hemodialysis. The objective of this study is to identify contributing factors to depression and cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients. This is a cross-sectional study involving 110 hemodialysis patients in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. The samples were recruited through universal sampling. Patients were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. This study found that 18.2% of patients had depression, and 48.2% had cognitive impairment. Factors associated with depression were unmarried status, low education level, and cognitive impairment. Factors associated with cognitive impairment were low education level, depression, and unemployment. Keywords: hemodialysis, depression, cognitive, ESRD eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2468.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of brain MR imaging and its correlation with clinical presentation and cognitive functions in idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed Abou Elmaaty ◽  
Carmen Ali Zarad ◽  
Tamer Ibrahim Belal ◽  
Tamer Sabry Elserafy
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Low Education

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of unknown etiology and ambiguous pathophysiology due to cerebrospinal fluid dysregulation. This study is designed to evaluate the role of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) in diagnosis of IIH, to clarify the nature and extent of cognitive deficits, and to detect if there is a correlation between radiology, clinical findings, and cognitive dysfunctions in those patients. Results The study included 34 patients and 34 age-, sex-, body mass index (BMI)-, and education-matched healthy control subjects. MR brain imaging and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) test were used for both groups. MRI and MRV sensitivity for IIH diagnosis were 85.2% and 85.3% with 100% and 94.1% specificity respectively. 44.1% had cognitive impairment, memory was the most affected domain, followed by attention, abstraction, and orientation with statistically significantly lower total MoCA score (p < 0.005). Domain comparisons reveal a statistically significantly lower memory/delayed recall (p < 0.001) and abstract scores (p < 0.007) in IIH cases versus control subjects. In comparing patients with cognitive impairment (CI) versus those without CI, there were statistically significantly higher CI in low education level, presence of diplopia, hormonal contraceptive use, abnormal MRI brain, papilledema grades, BMI, and opening pressure. Conclusions Presence of more than or equal 3 MR imaging findings, bilateral transverse sinus stenosis, and less than or equal 4 combined conduit score increase the specificity and sensitivity of MRI and MRV for IIH diagnosis. IIH had detrimental effect on different cognitive domains especially when patient have low education level, diplopia, papilledema ≥ grade III, high OP ≥ 61.5 cm H2O, and BMI ≥ 34 Kg/m2 with abnormal MRI and MRV findings.

scholarly journals Disaggregation of official demographic projections in sub-groups by education level: the neglected “composition effect” in the future path of life expectancy

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Ginebri ◽  
Carlo Lallo
Keyword(s):  
High Education ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Composition Effect ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Population Forecasts ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Mortality Differential ◽  
Education Groups

AbstractWe developed an innovative method to break down official population forecasts by educational level. The mortality rates of the high education group and low education group were projected using an iterative procedure, whose starting point was the life tables by education level for Italy, based on the year 2012. We provide a set of different scenarios on the convergence/divergence of the mortality differential between the high and low education groups. In each scenario, the demographic size and the life expectancy of the two sub-groups were projected annually over the period 2018–2065. We compared the life expectancy paths in the whole population and in the sub-groups. We found that in all of our projections, population life expectancy converges to the life expectancy of the high education group. We call this feature of our outcomes the “composition effect”, and we show how highly persistent it is, even in scenarios where the mortality differential between social groups is assumed to decrease over time. In a midway scenario, where the mortality differential is assumed to follow an intermediate path between complete disappearance in year 2065 and stability at the 2012 level, and in all the scenarios with a milder convergence hypothesis, our “composition effect” prevails over the effect of convergence for men and women. For instance, assuming stability in the mortality differential, we estimated a life expectancy increase at age 65 of 2.9 and 2.6 years for men, and 3.2 and 3.1 for women, in the low and high education groups, respectively, over the whole projection period. Over the same period, Italian official projections estimate an increase of 3.7 years in life expectancy at age 65 for the whole population. Our results have relevant implications for retirement and ageing policies, in particular for those European countries that have linked statutory retirement age to variations in population life expectancies. In all the scenarios where the composition effect is not offset by a strong convergence of mortality differentials, we show that the statutory retirement age increases faster than the group-specific life expectancies, and this finding implies that the expected time spent in retirement will shrink for the whole population. This potential future outcome seems to be an unintended consequence of the indexation rule.

scholarly journals Physical activity in Sahara Moroccan hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bahadi ◽  
H. Lagtarna ◽  
S. Benbria ◽  
Y. Zajjari ◽  
D. Elkabbaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Objective The evaluation of physical activity for chronic hemodialysis patients is a new approach for patient global care. The objective of this work is to evaluate the physical activity in chronic hemodialysis patients and identify the risk factors associated with reduced physical activity. This is a prospective study for 6 months including 150 chronic hemodialysis patients in the Guelmim-Oued Noun Regionin Moroccan Sahara. We use Baecke's survey, translated and validated in Arabic local language. The socio-demographic, clinical, and biological data were completed during the interrogation and from the medical records of the patients. Results The mean age of our patients was 54.6 ± 16.4 years, with male predominance (59%). Most patients have a low education level and 60% were illiterate. Hypertension was found in 54% of our patients, diabetes in 39%, and cardiovascular disease in 10% of patients. Low Physical activity was associated with gender (OR = 4.05), age (OR = 1.03) and high education level (OR = 0.2). Our work has met the various pre-established objectives, however other more specific studies must be conducted to better characterize the profile of physical activity in chronic hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Knowledge and perceptions of Alzheimer’s disease in three ethnic groups of younger adults in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Humeyra Kafadar ◽  
Christine Barrett ◽  
Kei Long Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a global public health problem with an ageing population. Knowledge is essential to promote early awareness, diagnosis and treatment of AD symptoms. AD knowledge is influenced by many cultural factors including cultural beliefs, attitudes and language barriers. This study aims: (1) to define AD knowledge level and perceptions amongst adults between 18 and 49 years of age in the UK; (2) to compare knowledge and perceptions of AD among three main ethnic groups (Asian, Blacks, and Whites); and (3) to assess potential associations of age, gender, education level, affinity with older people (65 or over), family history and caregiving history with AD knowledge. Methods Data was collected from 186 participants as a convenience sample of younger adults of three different ethnicities (16.1% Asian, 16.7% Black, 67.2% White), living in the UK, recruited via an online research platform. The majority of the participants were in the 18–34 years age group (87.6%). Demographic characteristics of participants and AD knowledge correlation were assessed by the 30-item Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), comprising 7 content domains. ANOVA/ANCOVA were used to assess differences in AD knowledge by ethnicity, gender, education level, age and affinity with dementia and Alzheimer’s patients. Results For AD general knowledge across all respondents only 45.0% answers were correct. No significant differences were found for the total ADKS score between ethnicities in this younger age group, who did not differ in education level. However, there were significant knowledge differences for the ADKS symptom domain score even after controlling for other demographics variables such as gender, education level (p = 0.005). White respondents were more likely to know about AD symptoms than their Black counterparts (p = 0.026). Conclusion The study’s findings suggest that the AD knowledge level is not adequate for all ethnic groups. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in symptoms, between ethnic groups, and therefore, differ in their needs regards health communication. The study contributes to an understanding of ethnicity differences in AD knowledge amongst adults from 18 to 49 years of age in the UK and may also provide input into an intervention plan for different ethnicities’ information needs.

Education level, underemployment, and workers’ health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Li ◽  
Dan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Health Inequality ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Low Education ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Group

Under the dual background of underemployment and health inequality, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of education level on underemployed workers’ health based on CLDS2016 data. The results show that underemployment is significantly related to the decline of self-rated health, increased depression tendency, and morbidity in a certain period. The results indicate that underemployment can significantly reduce the health level of workers in the low education level group and the high education level group. However, it has no significant impact on workers’ health in the middle education level group; even if we change the measurement method of indicators and consider endogeneity, the research conclusion is still robust. Moreover, this kind of health inequality mainly comes from the difference in economic effect and leisure effect of underemployment to workers with different educational levels. This paper provides empirical support for increasing the labor protection mechanism of underemployed people and reducing the health inequality caused by educational level differences.

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