scholarly journals Assessment of training needs on crop production for farmers in some selected areas of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-690
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
ML Rahman ◽  
SR Haque
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Regular Training

The study attempts to determine the training needs of the farmers emphasizing nine selected major thematic areas. Under each major component, specific and relevant training needs item were collected and systematically incorporated into an interview schedule and administered in terms of frequency of training imparted. Four districts were purposively selected for the study and a total of eighty farmers were randomly selected from four districts. Primary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that more male was involved in farming and 45% farmers were middle age category (30-39 years). Majority of the farmers completed primary level of education compared to other categories and family size of more than half (60 %) of the respondents was three. Majority number of respondents (57%) had more than 10 years farming experience. A small number of farmers (8.75%) had owned agricultural land and 45% had land between 0.50- 1 hectare. More than 75% of annual gross income of 57.50% farmers came from agricultural activities. More than half (55%) of the respondents collected information on crop and its varieties by own attempt while about 34% was informed from seed seller or dealer. Farmers in Chattogram district had first priority to get training on integrated pest and diseases management, production of bio control agents and bio pesticides, marketing and transportation. Water management, integrated pest and disease management, vermi-compost production, marketing and transportation ranked first in Khagrachori district. The areas of priority for training in Rajshahi district were production and management technology, processing and value addition, marketing and transportation, integrated pest and disease management, water management and vermi-compost production. Training on integrated pest and disease management, bio-control of pests and diseases, production of bio control agents and bio pesticides, production of off-season vegetables, vermi-compost production, marketing and transportation were most emphasized by the respondents in Rangpur district. Respondents defined identification of adulterated fertilizer, insecticide and pesticide application, disease and insects of mango varieties and fruit bagging system of mango as very good type of training. The study concluded that there is an urgent need to design regular training programs in identified thematic areas to fulfill the knowledge gap among the farmers of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 669-690, December 2018

scholarly journals “Now we’ve all turned to Eating Processed Foods”: A Photovoice Study of the Food and Nutrition Security Implications of ‘Galamsey’ in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong ◽  
Aaron Kobina Christian ◽  
John Ganle ◽  
Richmond Aryeetey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Abstract Small-scale mining, referred to as galamsey in Ghana, is an important source of income for many rural populations. Although concerns have been raised in the media about the significant threats galamsey poses to the environment, health, and livelihoods, there is a representational paucity of evidence regarding its links with local food systems, particularly from the perspective of affected mining communities. The current study explored community perceptions and experiences of galamsey and its perceived effects on food security and livelihoods in the East Akyem Municipality in the Eastern region of Ghana. Primary data was collected using photovoice, photo exhibition, and interviews. Results show that galamsey has Resulted in degradation of, otherwise, fertile agricultural land, and contamination of freshwater sources. This has resulted in reduced cultivable land, reduced crop production, shortage of essential staple foods, increases in food prices, and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. There is also perception of increased exposure to heavy metals like mercury in locally produced food. Given the adverse health consequences of both food/nutrition insecurity, and increased consumption of processed foods, it is important that public and policy discussions to minimize the effects of galamsey in Ghana should include considerations about food and nutrition insecurity in mining communities.

scholarly journals Keberlanjutan Inovasi Teknologi Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut : Prospek, Kendala dan Implementasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mamat Haris Suwanda ◽  
Muhammad Noor
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Institutional Model

<p><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Masalah pangan yang dihadapi semakin berat dan kompleksnya ditengah semakin meningkatnya jumlah populasi penduduk dan konversi lahan. Sejak tahun 2018 melalui Program UPSUS PAJALE dan Program SERASI pemerintah di bawah Kementerian Pertanian berupaya meningkatkan produksi pangan, khsusunya beras secara nasional.  Dari luas 20,11 juta hektar lahan rawa pasang surut berpotensi sebagai sumber produksi padi seluas 9,53 juta hektar. Jika 50% saja dari lahan yang cocok tersebut dimanfaatkan, maka dapat dihasilkan sekitar 14,295 juta ton GKG per tahun. Dukungan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi untuk pengembangan lahan rawa pasang surut  hasil penelitian dan pengkajian cukup tersedia, baik dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan produksi maupun peningkatan kapasitas dan kelembagaan petani. Implementasi hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut dalam skala luas (<em>scalling up</em>) memerlukan dukungan pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman pangan, khususnya padi diperlukan 10 komponen teknologi meliputi : (1) pengelolaan air, (2) penyiapan lahan dan, (3) pengolahan tanah, (4) penataan lahan, (5) ameliorasi, (6) pemupukan, (7) penggunaan varietas adaptif, (8) sistem tanam dan jarak tanam, (9) pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman, dan (10) panen dan pasca panen. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan tentang perspektif keberlanjutan dari  inovasi teknologi lahan rawa pasang surut terkait dengan potensi dan kendalanya dalam implementasi ke depan.  Masalah pokok yang menghambat implementasi teknologi  terdiri paling tidak atas tiga hal yaitu (1) kesesuaian teknis dari teknologi tersebut dengan kemampuan teknis petani, (2) kesesuaian teknis dari teknologi tersebut dengan sosial budaya petani setempat, (3) dukungan dari aspek kelembagaan petani dan pemerintah, termasuk pemerintah daerah. Keberlanjutan inovasi teknologi pertanian lahan rawa pada umumnya paling tidak ditentukan minimal oleh tiga aspek atau dimensi, yaitu aspek ekonomi, sosial dan aspek lingkungan.  Secara garis besar, maka implementasi keberlanjutan teknologi pengembangan rawa, termasuk keberhasilan Program SERASI  hanya dapat dicapai melalui (1) penyiapan infrastruktur pengelolaan air yang tepat sebagai kunci; (2) paket teknologi yang lengkap dan spesifik lokasi dari komponen teknologi penyiapan bibit, penyemaian sampai komponen pasca-panen (pengemasan), dan (3) model kelembagaan menyeluruh dari penyuluhan, permodalan, pengelolaan air, budidaya, pengolahan hasil, pemasaran, dan penyediaan sarana dan prarana produksi, termasuk alsintan. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract. </strong></p><p>The problem of food faced is increasingly heavy and complex amidst the increasing population and land conversion. Since 2018 through the UPSUS PAJALE Program and the SERASI Program the government under the Ministry of Agriculture has sought to increase food production, especially rice nationally. Of the total 20.11 million hectares of tidal swamp land potentially as a source of rice production, 9.53 million hectares. If only 50% of the suitable land is utilized, it can produce around 14,295 million tons per year. The support of science and technology for the development of tidal swamp land from the results of research and studies is quite available both in an effort to increase productivity and production and increase the capacity and institutional capacity of farmers. In the implementation of scaling up results, the support of the central and regional governments is needed. The results of the research in increasing food crop production, especially rice showed that 10 components of technology were needed including : (1) water management, (2) land preparation and, (3) soil management, (4) land management, (5) amelioration, (6) fertilization , (7) use of adaptive varieties, (8) planting systems and spacing, (9) control of plant pests and diseases, and (10) harvest and post-harvest. This paper aims to suggest the sustainability perspective of tidal swamp technology innovation related to the potential and constraints in future implementation. The main problems that hinder the implementation of technology comprise at least three things, namely (1) the technical suitability of the technology with the farmers' technical capabilities, (2) the technical suitability of the technology with the local socio-cultural farmers, (3) support from the institutional and farm , including local government. The sustainability of technological innovation in swamp farming in general is at least determined by at least three aspects or dimensions, namely economic, social and environmental aspects. Broadly speaking, the implementation of the sustainability of swamp development technology, including the success of the SERASI Program can only be achieved through (1) the preparation of appropriate water management infrastructure; (2) complete and site-specific technology packages from the components of seedling preparation technology, seeding to post-harvest components (packaging), and (3) a comprehensive institutional model of extension, capital, water management, cultivation, yield processing, marketing, and provision facilities and production facilities, including Alsintan.</p>

scholarly journals A Comparison of Approaches to Regional Land-Use Capability Analysis for Agricultural Land-Planning

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Tara A. Ippolito ◽  
Jeffrey E. Herrick ◽  
Ekwe L. Dossa ◽  
Maman Garba ◽  
Mamadou Ouattara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
Using Data

Smallholder agriculture is a major source of income and food for developing nations. With more frequent drought and increasing scarcity of arable land, more accurate land-use planning tools are needed to allocate land resources to support regional agricultural activity. To address this need, we created Land Capability Classification (LCC) system maps using data from two digital soil maps, which were compared with measurements from 1305 field sites in the Dosso region of Niger. Based on these, we developed 250 m gridded maps of LCC values across the region. Across the region, land is severely limited for agricultural use because of low available water-holding capacity (AWC) that limits dry season agricultural potential, especially without irrigation, and requires more frequent irrigation where supplemental water is available. If the AWC limitation is removed in the LCC algorithm (i.e., simulating the use of sufficient irrigation or a much higher and more evenly distributed rainfall), the dominant limitations become less severe and more spatially varied. Finally, we used additional soil fertility data from the field samples to illustrate the value of collecting contemporary data for dynamic soil properties that are critical for crop production, including soil organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen.

FACTORS AFFECTING URBAN AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-233
Author(s):  
Vu Bach Diep ◽  
Dinh Hong Linh ◽  
Bui Thi Minh Hang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Agriculture Development

The process of urbanization is taking place fast and vigorously in large urban and peri-urban areas in Vietnam. According to national forecasts, the rate of urbanization nationwide will reach 39.3% by 2020 and 50-55% by 2035. Thai Nguyen is a province in the midland and mountainous region. The province is located at the northern gateway and bordered with Hanoi capital. In recent years, the agricultural land area of Thai Nguyen province has narrowed due to the urban-industrial development. Urban agriculture development is an inevitable direction, creating safe and high quality food products, protecting the ecological environment, and increasing people's income. Thai Nguyen is one of the provinces promoting sustainable urban agricultural development. Secondary and primary data sources are analyzed and synthesized by descriptive statistical methods. The article will analyze five groups of factors affecting urban agricultural development in Thai Nguyen province in the period 2015-2018, including Socio-economic; Natural conditions and infrastructure; Policy factors; Planning factors; Links and integration.

Biological control methods in Piper nigrum Linn. leaves infected with galls caused by Liothrips karneyi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 696-698
Author(s):  
Asha Renjith ◽  
Payal Lodha
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Growth Reaction ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Piper nigrum Linn. (Black pepper)  belongs to the family Piperaceae and an economically and medicinally important spice and is a native of Southern India. Leaf marginal gall is transmitted by Liothrips karnyi belonging to family Phlaeothripidae of order Thysanoptera (Thrips). Insect induced galls arise due to growth reaction of plants due to the attack of cecidozoa, also known as zoocecidia. The growth and development of the host plant alter due to the infestation of the insect, which involves certain complex phenomena. The different groups of cecidozoa influence the plants in such a way as to produce galls at different stages in their life history. Most of the cecidozoa cause galls only in their developmental stages, but some of them are capable of inducing galls both in larval as well as adult stages. The crop production in India has been adversely affected due to the infestation of pests. And it is necessary to use different approaches of disease management to curb the infestation, and significant researchers have shown progress to protect the crops in an eco-friendly manner. Piperine exhibits diverse pharmacological activities like antihypertensive, antiplatelets, antioxidant, antitumor, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-reproductive, insecticidal activities. In the present investigation, the biological method of disease management of marginal leaf gall transmitted by Liothrips karnyi has been undertaken. The biological control of leaf diseases has been significant on the increased reflection of environmental problems over pesticide uses.

Uzbekistan’s Aquatic Environment and Water Management as an Area of Interest for Hydrology and Thematic Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Jacek RÓŻKOWSKI ◽  
Mariusz RZĘTAŁA
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Area Of Interest

The functioning of Uzbekistan’s economy is closely linked to the water resources of its huge cross-border rivers: the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, as well as to the groundwater present within their basins. Both natural lakes and artificial reservoirs (e.g. the Aydar-Arnasay system of lakes, the Kayrakkum Reservoir, the Chardarya Reservoir) are present there, which retain significant amounts of water, and large canals with lengths of up to several hundred kilometres which involve complex hydraulic structures are used for irrigation purposes. All these are components of a water management system which needs optimisation; as much as 80% of agricultural land is irrigated, with 70% of the water being lost due to inefficient irrigation systems. The consequence of this allocation of river flows and the overuse of water in irrigation systems has been the disappearance of the Aral Sea (1960 year – 68,900 km2, 2017 year – 8,600 km2) and the inflow of water into the Sarygamysh Lake as well as the reduction of Uzbekistan’s groundwater resources by about 40%. The intensive development of irrigated agriculture is associated with changes in surface and groundwater quality caused, inter alia, by the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and the discharge of collector-drainage waters into river systems as well as their reuse. The extent of environmental degradation in some areas (especially in the Aral Sea region) is unique on a global scale. The origins of Uzbekistan’s other hydrological tourist attractions are related to attempts to ensure the availability of water for both human consumption and industrial use under conditions of water scarcity in the country’s arid and semi-arid climates. Not just the spectacular watercourses and water bodies present there (e.g. rivers, lakes, canals), but also small water retention facilities and minor infrastructure elements (e.g. wells, springs and retention basins, canals, ditches and flow control structures) are of potential tourist importance.

scholarly journals Peach Brown Rot: Still in Search of an Ideal Management Option

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitus Ikechukwu Obi ◽  
Juan José Barriuso ◽  
Yolanda Gogorcena
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Post Harvest Loss

The peach is one of the most important global tree crops within the economically important Rosaceae family. The crop is threatened by numerous pests and diseases, especially fungal pathogens, in the field, in transit, and in the store. More than 50% of the global post-harvest loss has been ascribed to brown rot disease, especially in peach late-ripening varieties. In recent years, the disease has been so manifest in the orchards that some stone fruits were abandoned before harvest. In Spain, particularly, the disease has been associated with well over 60% of fruit loss after harvest. The most common management options available for the control of this disease involve agronomical, chemical, biological, and physical approaches. However, the effects of biochemical fungicides (biological and conventional fungicides), on the environment, human health, and strain fungicide resistance, tend to revise these control strategies. This review aims to comprehensively compile the information currently available on the species of the fungus Monilinia, which causes brown rot in peach, and the available options to control the disease. The breeding for brown rot-resistant varieties remains an ideal management option for brown rot disease control, considering the uniqueness of its sustainability in the chain of crop production.

scholarly journals Is Cut-Flower Industry Promotion by the Government Negatively Affecting Pollinator Biodiversity and Environmental/Human Health in Uganda?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Bin Mushambanyi Théodore Munyuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted from 2010 to 2012 around the flower growing areas in central Uganda to generate baseline information on the status of pollinators. Primary data were gathered using a questionnaire that aimed at determining farmers and flower farm officials’ perceptions on the impact of activities carried out inside greenhouses on pollinators, human health, and on crop production in the surroundings. Results indicated that the quantity of pesticides and fertilizers applied daily varied among the different flower farms visited. Bee species richness and abundance varied significantly (P<0.01) according to flower farm location, to the landscape vegetation type, and to field types found in the surrounding of flower farms. Bee richness found around flower farms varied in number from 20 to 40 species in total across seasons and years. Bee density increased significantly with the increase in flower density. Small-scale farmers were aware of the value and importance of pollination services in their farming business. There was no clear evidence of a direct effect of agrochemicals application on bee communities living in the surrounding habitats. There is a need for further research to be conducted on human health risks and for toxicological studies on soils, plants, flowers, and bees in the farm landscape.

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