scholarly journals Breeding and production performance profile of Black Bengal goats in rural areas of Mymensingh in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
AFMF Islam ◽  
S Nahar ◽  
TSJ Tanni ◽  
MA Hoque ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Significant Distance ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The present study was conducted to know the breeding and performance profile of Black Bengal goat in 4 upazila (Mymensingh Sadar, Fulbaria, Trishal and Muktagacha) of Mymensingh district. The data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire from 100 goat rearers. The questionnaire included primary information about goat owners, total number of goats, color pattern, birth information, fate of male kids, weight of kids, breeding system and source of breeding males, breeding cost, litter size, kid mortality, some management parameters on goat and goat rearing system under rural condition. On an average, goat per family at Mymensingh district was found to be 3.56 ±1.77 where the percentage of does and bucks were 90.61% and 9.39% respectively. Most of the farmers were found not to keep male kid for bad odor and difficult management and hence castrate them. Almost all farmers depend on natural mating to serve their does by passing a significant distance. The average service charge was found BDT 70.90±1.77, which differs significantly (P< 0.05) among four upazilas. No significant difference was found in performance of goats among four upazilas. The average body weight at 3 and 6 months of age of female goats were 4.67 ± 0.15 and 7.12±0.14 kg respectively. The average litter size was found 1.76±0.75 and the average kid mortality rate was 12.88% in Mymensingh district. From this study, it became evident that acute shortage of Black Bengal breeding bucks exists in the rural areas which may represent the overall situation of the country.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 46-51

scholarly journals Production systems of swine in the rural areas of Rangamati and Khagrachari districts of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
ME Hossain ◽  
S Chakma ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
M Hasanuzzaman ◽  
MY Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
The Mean

The study was undertaken for a period of 60 days to investigate the production systems of swine in Rangamati and Khagrachari districts, Bangladesh. Production systems, particularly housing, feeding, breeding, disease prevalence, vaccination, bio-security, marketing, socio-economic condition and constraints of pig production were investigated during the study period. It was found that the propensity of rearing pig differed significantly (P<0.01) among the pig owners. Pigs were reared mostly by poor and landless peoples (54.7%) followed by marginal (32.1%), medium (9.4%) and large (3.8%). Rearing systems were also different (P<0.01) and the mean figures were 43.4% for free range, 24.5% for tin shed housing , 20.8% for fencing and 11.3% for girth tethering systems. The average litter size, birth weight, post-weaning weight and weaning period were 9.3, 1.72 kg, 9.0 kg and 40.8 days respectively. Prevalence of diseases differed (P<0.01) and most prevalent diseases were diarrhea (35.8%), coccidiosis (20.8%), pneumonia (17.0%) and hemorrhagic septicemia (13.2%). The economic benefits generated from farming were selling of piglets.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v40i1-2.10787Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2011. 40 (1-2): 28-33

A comparison of the behaviour and performance of sows and piglets in crates and oval pens

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Bradshaw ◽  
D.M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Indices ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Size At Birth

AbstractA comparison was made of sow lying behaviour, piglet aggregation behaviour and performance in crates (no. = 10) and oval pens (no. = 8). Twenty-four hour time-lapse video tapes were made and a farrowing day defined for each sow by noting the 24-h period during which the sow gave birth (09:00 to 09:00 h). Each sow and litter, balanced for parity and time of year, was analysed from 12:00 to 20:00 h during the 24 h immediately following this day. The following analyses were conducted: (1) the number and type of lying behaviour; (2) each litter was scanned every 10 min and at each lying event the number of piglets within 0·3 m of the sow noted; two indices were then calculated, based on the mean of the 10-min scans and the mean for the lying events, for each sow expressed as a proportion of the total litter size. Any dead piglets were removed and cause of mortality established by post-mortem examination. Production data showed that there was no significant difference between litter size at birth and at weaning but overall level of mortality was higher in the pen compared with the crate due to crushing. The majority of crushing events occurred in the first 3 days after farrowing (crate 75%; oval pen 64%). The total number of lying events and related posture changes did not differ between systems; only ‘roll-over’ events (movement from lateral on one side to the other within 10 s) were higher in the oval pen. There was no difference in the proportion of aggregating piglets at the 10-min scans or the lying events. Increased crushing mortality in the pen does not appear to be due to the aggregation behaviour of piglets but to the increased number of sow roll-over behaviours.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC SOWS IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
O. A. Adebambo ◽  
A. E. Dettmers
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Large White ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations

THE indigenous sow of Nigeria which is about half the size of the exotic large white, Landrace or crossbred pigs at maturity (60 vs 128-141kg) has an average milk yield of 75kg as compared to 130 148kg of the exotic breeds during an eight week lactation. Peak production was reached between the third and fifth weeks of lactation by the impor ted, while the native sow showed quite a slight peak but with greater persistency. For all geno types compared, milk yield was lower in the dry season (P< 0.05) than in the wet season (123 vs 134kg) and higher for sows (P < 0.05) than for gilts (135 vs 121kg). With an average litter size of 5-8 pigs, available milk per piglet was between 16kg in the Indigenous SOW and 28kg in the Landrace soWS (P < 0.05) and a significant difference (P < 0.05) in effi ciency of milk utilization by the piglets in the range of Crossbred, followed by the purebreds, the indigenous being the least efficient in relation to unit metabolic size Milk production did not differ among the genotypes. The high positive correlations (P < 0.05) between milk yield and body weight at farrow and the unit metablie size as well as between milk intake and litter size might serve as a useful tool in selection for the Nigerian Indigenous pigs as the higher body weight tend to be correlated to a higher milk yield and a correspondingly large litter size.

The effect of oestrous cycle number, at constant age, on gilt reproduction in a dynamic service system

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Grigoriadis ◽  
S. A. Edwards ◽  
P. R. English ◽  
F. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Service System ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heat Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effect Of Age

AbstractPrevious studies examining the effect of age on gilt reproduction have generally failed to discriminate between chronological (i.e. days) and physiological age (i.e. number of oestrous cycles experienced) and the importance of each factor remains unclear in the pig. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that the physiological age at which gilts are bred in a dynamic service system (DSS) affects their reproductive behaviour and performance. A hundred and ninety gilts were randomly allocated between two treatments. They were introduced into the service pens of a DSS to be bred at the same age (215 days) but either at second (2H; no. = 96) or third (3H;no. = 94) post-pubertal heat period. The sexual behaviour of half of them was continuously recorded over a 13-week period and reproductive data from all the gilts were collected. Gilts of 2H treatment were significantly heavier at entry into the service pens (123 v. 119 kg; P < 0·05) than 3H gilts, but there was no significant difference in their backfat thickness. Treatment failed to affect the quality and frequency of mating attempts (MAs) gilts received or oestrus duration. Conception rate to first oestrus in the DSS (82%) was not affected by treatment. Litter size and number of piglets born alive was similar for 3H and 2H gilts (12·0 v. 11·7, s.e.d. 0·40 and 11·5 v. 11·0, s.e.d. 0·4 respectively; all P > 0·05). It is concluded that the reproductive behaviour and performance of gilts that had experienced either two or three oestrous cycles prior to mating at a constant age does not differ significantly in a DSS. More studies are needed in order to clarify the possible interactive influence of repeated and frequent services, which are common in a DSS, on gilt reproduction.

Ecology of the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) (Marsupialia: Peramelidae) on Dorre and Bernier Islands, Western Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Short ◽  
J. D. Richards ◽  
Bruce Turner
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Median Distance ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
System Body

Population structure, reproduction, condition, movements and habitat preference were assessed for western barred bandicoots (Perameles bougainville) on Dorre and Bernier Islands over seven trapping sessions between 1988 and 1995. Data comes from 372 captures of bandicoots in 2535 trap-nights (an average of 14·7 captures per 100 trap-nights). Trap success was 5.7–25.8% on Dorre and 5.7–7.6% on Bernier. Recaptures within a trip made up 29% of bandicoot captures. The overall sex ratio (excluding recaptures) was skewed heavily towards males at 1.7: 1 for trapped animals, but varied between male and female dominance at any time according to reproductive status of females. Sex ratio of pouch young was 1.2: 1. Production of young was concentrated in the wetter winter months. The smallest western barred bandicoot with pouch young weighed 175 g. Bandicoots showed a pattern of increasing litter size with size of mother. Females with young had an average litter size of 1.8, with young reaching independence at about 100 g body weight. Large testes size relative to body size in males suggested a promiscuous mating system. Body condition could be predicted by sex (females were typically in better condition than males) and by rainfall over the previous 2 months. Some sexual dimorphism was evident, with females having longer heads and typically being heavier than males. There was no detected dimorphism between island populations. Movements of bandicoots appeared limited, with the median distance moved by animals captured more than once within a 9–11-day trapping session being 154 m. There was no significant difference in movements between the sexes, with males moving a median distance of 160 m and females 138 m within trapping sessions. The greatest movement by a male was 1020 m while the greatest distance moved by a female was 490 m. Only 13% of recorded movements were greater than 400 m. Home ranges overlapped, with 51% of traps catching more than one individual and as many as five males being caught at the same trap site. Bandicoots were widely dispersed through all habitats surveyed. Bandicoots appeared to suffer a substantial reduction in numbers on Dorre Island in a prolonged drought extending from October 1986 to April 1989, reducing overall trap success to less than 6% in the 1988 survey.

scholarly journals Freezing of rabbit semen after the addition of glycerol and dimethylsulfoxide in the extender

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. SAMOUILIDIS (Σ. ΣΑΜΟΥΗΛΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
K. SAOULIDIS (Κ. ΣΑΟΥΛΙΔΗΣ) ◽  
A. FOUKOS (Α. ΦΟΥΚΟΣ) ◽  
P. YPSILANTIS (Π. ΥΨΗΛΑΝΤΗΣ) ◽  
A. DEMERTZIS (Α. ΔΕΜΕΡΤΖΗΣ) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Tris Buffer ◽  
Cryoprotective Agents ◽  
Group I ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Fresh Semen

In this study, semen from 10 rabbits was frozen after it was diluted in two different extenders, A and B. Extender A consisted of Tris-buffer in which 20% of egg yolk and 3% of glycerol were added, while extender Β had the same composition, plus 3% of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The semen of the buck exhibiting the best post-thaw motility in the two extenders, was used for the insemination of two corresponding groups (I and II) of 20 does each. The average sperm motility of fresh semen (77%) was significantly reduced (P<0.05) after it was frozen in the extender A (47%) and Β (54%). The post-thaw sperm motility in extender Β was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in extender A. The percentage of the animals that gave birth in group II (60%) was increased compared to that of the animals in group I (50%), but not significantly (P>0.05). Also, no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed between the average litter size of group I (6,8±1,7) and group II (7,0±1,9). Thereafter, it is concluded that freezing rabbit semen in an extender that contains a combination of the cryoprotective agents glycerol and DMSO, in the proportion of 3% and 3%, respectively, results in a significant improvement of post-thaw sperm motility, while it doesn't affect significantly its fertility value neither the size of the litters.

Phenotypic characterization and production performance of local pigs under village settings in the Southern Highland zone, Tanzania

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Mbaga ◽  
C.M. Lymo ◽  
G.C. Kifaro ◽  
F.P. Lekule
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Meat Cooking ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Local Pigs ◽  
Free Ranging

SummaryIndigenous pigs in Tanzania are descendants of earlier European introductions. However, a lack of systematic breeding plans, poor husbandry practices, genetic drift and possibly mutation have led to pigs of varied phenotypes. A study undertaken in Mbeya region showed that the predominant management system practised was free ranging and occasionally tethering. The average mature body weights for boars and sows were 57.4 kg and 54 kg, respectively. Coat colour varied, but the predominant colours were white (28%), black and white (24%), and solid black (19.8%). The majority (78%) of pigs had droopy ears and such pigs were found to be significantly (P<0.01) heavier with a longer trunk and increased body length when compared with those with erect ears. Other features included a long and straight face and a short curled tail. The overall mean birth weight was 0.9 kg while the mean weaning weight was 10.8 kg. The average litter size for local pigs was 6.6 piglets and litter size at weaning was 4.3 piglets. Locally raised pigs served a number of functions including among others, income, provision of meat, cooking fat and manure.

scholarly journals Short-term storage of semen samples in acidic extender increases the proportion of females in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo-Jin Park ◽  
Dong-Ha Shin ◽  
Won-Ki Pang ◽  
Do-Yeal Ryu ◽  
Md Saidur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
General Preference ◽  
Semen Extender ◽  
Farrowing Rate

Abstract Background Sex preselection is a desired goal of the animal industry to improve production efficiency, depending on industry demand. In the porcine industry, there is a general preference for pork from female and surgically castrated male pigs. Therefore, the birth of more females than males in a litter leads to economic benefits and improved animal welfare in the pig production industry. Our previous study suggested that the porcine semen extender (BTS) adjusted to pH 6.2 maximises the differences in viability between X-chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and Y-chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without affecting sperm’s functional parameters. In this study we aimed to evaluate whether the pH 6.2 extender is applicable at the farm level for increasing the number of female piglets without a decline in spermatozoa fertility. Artificial insemination (AI) was carried out with spermatozoa stored at pH 6.2 and pH 7.2 (original BTS) at day 1 and day 2 of storage. Next, the functional parameters of the spermatozoa, litter size, farrowing rate, and female-to-male ratio of offspring were determined. Results Although sperm motility decreased significantly after 2 d of storage, the viability of spermatozoa was preserved at pH 6.2 for 3 d. There was no significant difference in the farrowing rate and average litter size between the group inseminated with the spermatozoa stored in (pH 7.2) and that inseminated with spermatozoa stored in acidic BTS. The percentage of female piglets was approximately 1.5-fold higher in sows inseminated on day 1 in the pH 6.2 than in the pH 7.2 group. Furthermore, although there was no significant difference in the female-to-male ratio, the percentage of female piglets born was slightly higher in the pH 6.2 group than in the pH 7.2 group on day 2. Conclusions The method optimised in our study is simple, economical, and may enhance the number of female births without any decline in spermatozoa fertility.

Households Discrimination in School Enrolment in Pakistan: Does gender matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Zahoor Ul Haq ◽  
Imad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This study uses Pakistan Social and Living Measurement Survey 2016 to study gender discrimination in school enrollment across the four provinces of Pakistan using bi-variate analysis. Results show that there is highly significant difference between male and female education in rural areas (x^2=4940.50 and p<0.05). Analysis indicate that gender disparity in enrollment is significantly higher in low income households (x^2=115.468 and P<0.05). The study also showed that as compared to male, fewer female are enrolled in both public and private sectors. Hence, socio-economic factors play important role in making decision about children enrollment in different types of school. The study recommends that government to take appropriate steps to reduce gender discrimination in school enrollment by offering subsidy on female education in the country.

Effect of Supplementation of Multi Enzymes on Production Performance and Egg Quality Traits in White Leghorn Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pandian ◽  
A. Sundaresan ◽  
A. V. Omprakash
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of Multi-enzymes with lysophospholipids on production performance of pure line White Leghorn layers. Body weights before and after the experiment did not differ significantly across the experimental diets. Irrespective of the dietary treatments, the birds gained 3.83 per cent of live weight relative to its initial body weight. Mean per cent Hen housed egg production was significantly (Pis less than 0.05) higher in diet supplemented with 0.10 MEC-L than other groups. Mean egg weight and average daily feed consumption during 25 to 35 weeks of age indicated no significant effect of enzyme supplementation. Average daily feed consumption per bird in control, 0.05 % and 0.1% multi-enzyme supplemented groups was 108.13, 105.66 and 107.67 g respectively and birds offered control diet recorded numerically more feed intake than enzyme supplemented groups. Comparatively low feed per egg was observed in 0.10 per cent group followed by 0.05 per cent group which offers economic benefits than control diets. However, the egg quality traits between different dietary enzyme supplementation groups showed no significant difference.

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