scholarly journals Microbial Contamination and Detection of Antibacterial Activity of Syzygium aromaticum against Food Borne Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jubaida Binta Jamal ◽  
Tasnia Ahmed ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

This study was undertaken to find out the presence of contaminating microorganisms in commonly available Syzygium aromaticum samples collected from different areas of Bangladesh and also to evaluate the antibacterial traits of these Syzygium aromaticum samples against food born pathogens. Total viable bacterial count (TVBC) was determined on nutrient agar and for the isolation of specific microorganisms different selective media were used. Crude, ethanol, methanol, hot water and cold water extracts of the samples were prepared for analysing their antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extracts was determined. TVBC was found between 104 to 106 cfu/g. None of these samples showed the presence of fungus. Staphylococcus spp. was present almost in all the samples between 104 to 106 cfu/g while Bacillus spp. was noticed only in one sample. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of the samples was found to be effective mostly against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Listeria spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. On the contrary, hot water extracts of only two samples showed antibacterial property against Pseudomonas spp., Listeria spp. and Klebsiella spp. MIC was confirmed by using 96 well plate methods and the minimum inhibitory concentration was between 11.75 to 94 mg/ml. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 1-5

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN GEL KUERSETIN TERHADAP Staphylococcus Epidermidis

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Rina Apriana Herslambang ◽  
Dina Rahmawanty ◽  
Mia Fitriana
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

Acne is the abnormality production of sebum in the sebaceous glands which are usually caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Staphylococcus epidermidis one of bacterial that caused acne. Quercetin have a phenolic compound that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis at 0.05% w/w. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of quercetin gel. HPMC was used as gel base. The concentrations of quercetin that was added to gel were 0.05% w/w, 0.15% w/w, and 0.25% w/w. The antibacterial activity of the gels was determined using agar diffusion method. The results showed that the inhibition zone on the F1, F2, and F3 were 7.83 mm , 6.53 mm , 4.56 mm and the result showed that quercetin gels significantly effected the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis (p<0,05). The minimum inhibitory concentration of quercetin gel was 0,05% w/w with inhibition zone of 7.83 mm.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Of Tangerine Powder (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) Against Caries-Causing Bacteria (Streptococcus mutans)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Framesti Frisma Sriarumtias ◽  
Aji Najihudin ◽  
Nopi Rantika ◽  
Rita Nengsih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Power

Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans, which lives in the oral cavity and causes plaque on the teeth. Dental caries treatment involves restoration or filling of tooth tissue that has been perforated due to dental caries. The purpose of this study was analyze the effectivity of  tangerine juice powder in preventing the emergence of dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans. The experimental method was used in this study started by making a powder from tangerine jiuce using freeze drying method, followed by testing the antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also sought by measuring the diameter of the clear zone. The results showed that tangerine powder has antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10%. The highest activity of tangerine powder to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria was observed at   concentration of 25% with an inhibition zone diameter of 15.8 mm, and is classified as having moderate inhibitory power. According to the result of this study is that tangerine juice powder has a good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and can be developed into a pharmaceutical ingredients to prevent dental caries.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Longiverbenone Isolated from the Rhizome of Cyperus scariosu

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
M Nural Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chromatographic Technique

Longiverbenone is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene isolated from ethanolic extract of Cyperus scariosus rhizome by solvent-solvent portioning and chromatographic technique. The antibacterial activity of longiverbenone was evaluated against eleven potential human pathogenic bacteria using disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by broth macrodilution method. Cytotoxic activity (lethal concentration 50%, LC50) of longiverbenone was determined on new borne brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Longiverbenone showed moderate to good antibacterial activity against the test organisms tested herein. It exhibited the lowest MIC (20 μg/ml) and MBC (80 μg/ml) against Vibrio cholerae. The LC50 of the isolated sesquiterpene was found to be 14.38 μg/ml against new borne brine shrimp. Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Cytotoxic activity (LC50); Cyperus scariosu; Longiverbenone; Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4866 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 82-84

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Some Schiff Bases Involving Thiosemicarbazide and Ketones

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.S. Shariar ◽  
M. Jesmin ◽  
M.M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

Three Schiff bases derived from thiosemicarbazide and ketones (Vanillin, Benzophenone and Acetophenone) were used to study their antibacterial activities against some pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Of these, benzophenone thiosemicarbazone showed significant antibacterial activity as compared with that of Kanamycin. All these three compounds were found to possess cytotoxic effect. Minimum inhibitory concentration of these compounds was also determined.

scholarly journals THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF WATER APPLE LEAVES ACTIVE COMPOUND (Syzygium zeylanicum) AGAINST Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidah ◽  
Salni ◽  
Nina Tanzerina
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Escherichia coli is one of the bacteria that cause infections in the human digestive tract such as diarrhea, while Staphylococcus aureus is one of the bacteria that cause infections in the skin injury such as boils and pimples. This study used Syzygium zeylanicum leaves because it has potential as a antibacterial because it contains active compounds. This study aimed was determine the antibacterial activity of the fraction and the active compound in Syzygium zeylanicum leaves against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Research conducted on November 2015 to January 2016. The method used in this research were extraction by maceration, fractionation by liquid fractionation, antibacterial activity test, and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration with the diffusion method and isolation of active compounds by column chromatography method. The bacteria used in this test are Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Data are presented in tabular form based on the average value of the inhibition diameter and deviation standard. The results of this research showed the water methanol active fraction against the bacteria that used in this test. The methanol water fraction had obtained one antibacterial compound in bottle 1,3,5 which shows the value of tannin Rf 0,416. The minimum inhibitory concentration of water methanol of water apple leaves is 1000 µg/mL for Escherichia coli and 500 µg/mL for  Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum  inhibitory concentration of the active  compound  to  Escherichia  coli  and  Staphylococcus  aureus  in  500  µg/mL.  The fraction and the active compound of water apple leaves have an antibacterial activity with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the active compound is tannin.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Bunga Teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Amalia Khairunnisa ◽  
Nashrul Wathan ◽  
Mia Fitriana ◽  
Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah ◽  
Nisriyati Fiddina
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test

Nymphaea pubescens Willd telah diketahui mempunyai efek antibakteri, terutama pada biji dan daunnya. Tetapi sampai saat ini bagian bunga dari tanaman tersebut belum dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antibakteri dan penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Proses ekstraksi bunga N. pubescens dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan perbandingan 1: 4 b/v. Metode pengujian yang digunakan ada dua yaitu metode difusi untuk pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dan metode dilusi untuk pengukuran konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM). Hasil skrining fitokimia didapatkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens mengandung senyawa golongan fenolik, saponin dan flavonoid. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N.pubescens mampu menghambat S. aureus (diameter hambat 10 ± 0,29 mm) dan E.coli (diameter hambat 10,2 ± 0,50 mm). Konsentrasi hambat minimum dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S.aureus sebesar 12,5% dan terhadap E.coli sebesar 25%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Nymphaea pubescens Willd has known to have antibacterial effects, especially on the seeds and leaves. However, until now the flower of the plant has not been tested for antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to perform phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity test and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S. aureus and E. coli. The process of extracting N. pubescens flowers is macerated using methanol as a solvent with a ratio of 1: 4 w / v. There are two test methods used, namely the diffusion method for testing antibacterial activity and the dilution method for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers contained phenolic compounds, saponins, and flavonoids. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of N.pubescens flowers was able to inhibit S. aureus (inhibition diameter 10 ± 0.29 mm) and E. coli (inhibitory diameter 10.2 ± 0.50 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S.aureus was 12.5% and against E. coli was 25%. It can be concluded that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers has antibacterial activityKeywords: Nymphaea pubescens, lotus flower, methanol extract, antibacterial

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Eel (Anguilla spp.) Mucus against Salmonella typhi

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomy Nurtamin ◽  
Resty Yulianita Nurman ◽  
Indria Hafizah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Fish Mucus ◽  
Vitro Test

BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever has become one global health problem. Typhoid fever is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium, Salmonella typhi. Eel (Anguilla spp.) is a fish which lives in the sea or in freshwater. Several previous studies have found that Anguilla spp. mucus has the ability as antibacterial against Gram-positive and negative. Although the antibacterial activity of Anguilla spp. against various pathogens had been reported, very little is known about its activity against Salmonella typhi. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Anguilla spp. mucus against Salmonella typhi bacteria.METHODS: Present study was an experimental in vitro test. Antibacterial activity assays were carried out by the disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was determined by the clear zone formed around the paper disc and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by observing the lowest concentration which could inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi.RESULTS: Result of the present study showed that the Anguilla spp. mucus has inhibitory effects against Salmonella typhi. Minimum inhibitory concentration from the Anguilla spp. mucus was 12.5%.CONCLUSION: Anguilla spp. mucus has antibacterial activity against the Salmonella typhi bacteria.KEYWORDS: eel fish mucus, Anguilla spp., antibacterial activity, Salmonella typhi

scholarly journals Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of Tamarindus indica (Tamarind) seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
MM Hasan ◽  
SA Rahman ◽  
MS Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Seed Extracts

The crude ethanol and methanol extracts of Tamarindus indica seeds have been investigated to evaluate their antibacterial and cytotoxic potentialities. Extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against both gram positive and negative bacteria primarily by disc diffusion method and then minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Besides the cytotoxic activity were screened by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The average zone of inhibition for ethanol extract of seeds of tamarind was ranged from 7.5 - 13.5 mm for 500 μg/disc. And for methanol extract the zone of inhibition was ranged from 6.5 - 13.25 mm for 500 μg/disc. From MIC assay minimum inhibitory concentration was found 1.25 mg/ml for ethanol and 0.625 mg/ml for methanol extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration was found 2.5 mg/ml for ethanol and 1.25 mg/ml for methanol extract. Compared to vincristine sulfate (with LC50 of 0.99 μg/ml) both ethanol and methanol extract of T. indica seeds showed toxicity lower than 100 μg/ml and greater than 30 μg/ml. The study confirms greater antibacterial activity of T. indica seed extracts with moderate cytotoxic activity. This study thus demands isolation of active principles and thorough bioassays. J. bio-sci. 27: 83-88, 2019

scholarly journals Antibacterial Property of Extract of Erveniastrum nepalense (Edible Lichen) Collected from Hilly Regions of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Saraswati Yonghang ◽  
Suman Rai ◽  
Shiv Nandan Sah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial property of Everniastrum nepalense(edible lichen)collected from eastern part of Nepal and determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extract. Methods: Everniastrum nepalense was collected from local Rai and Limbu community in a plastic bag from four hilly districts (Pachthar, Taplejung, Dhankuta and Bhojpur) of Eastern, NepaMoisture content in lichen samples were removed by air drying and grinded to powdery form. The methanolic extracts of lichens of different places were prepared by solvent extraction process using Soxhlet apparatus and tested against human pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Then, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extracts was determined using well diffusion method. Results: The lichens extract against the test bacterial isolates were performed by agar well diffusion method. Overall, it was observed that all these lichen extracts from Eastern Nepal had inhibitory effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Out of seven bacterial samples used, all bacterial samples were inhibited by the lichen extracts except Escherichia coli. The effect of lichen extract collected from Bhojpur district had maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella spp were found to be 13 mm, 14 mm and 14 mm respectively. Similarly, zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis was found to be 17 mm from samples of Dhankuta, which was highest value than other 3 districts viz; Bhojpur, Taplejung and Pachthar District. Likewise, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed highest inhibition value i.e. 18 mm on Pachthar sample whereas, Shigella showed 15 mm on Dhankuta sample. This study revealed that inhibitory capacity of edible lichen (Everniastrum nepalense) against test bacteria was not the same. It varied from place to place. Conclusion: This study has concluded that Everniastrum nepalensehas potential antibacterial property against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa except E. coli along with nutritional value and can be used as safe alternative and economic herbal medicine to treat infectious diseases.

Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) on some selected bacterial isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-013
Author(s):  
IA Karfi ◽  
UU Zango ◽  
T Olatinwo ◽  
M Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
No Inhibition

Plants with medicinal value produce certain chemical elements known as phytochemicals that have antibacterial activity. The study was aimed at determining the antibacterial activity of Vernonia amygdalina against bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion method. In addition, the phytochemicals analysis of the extracts was also determined. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The result of Vernonia amygdalina showed that the average zones of inhibitions observed against these bacterial ranges from 6-22mm. The highest zone is also exhibited against E. coli with average diameter of zone of inhibition of 22mm. At 100mg/ml concentration for Samonella, the zone of inhibition was recorded to be 21mm while at 12.5mg/ml there was no inhibition. At 25mg/ml and 12.5mg/ml, against Pseudomonas there was no inhibition. In other to further confirm the activity of these plant extracts, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined and the result showed that the extract exerted good antibacterial activity on all the test organisms at different concentration. The result of minimum inhibitory concentration ranges from 10 to 12.5mg/ml and that of MBC ranges from 5 to 20mg/ml. It is worthy to note that MBC values is greater than that of minimum inhibitory concentration. The study provides insight into the antibacterial activities of the plant extracts and its use in the treatment of bacterial infections.

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