Bacterial status and pollution level in the water of Gulshan Lake, Dhaka

Water samples were collected from four selected sites of the Gulshan lake during four different seasons. Four different media were used to study the aerobic heterotrophic, enteric and related bacterial abundance. Aerobic heterotrophic bacterial abundance ranged between 1×106 and 9×106 cfu/100 ml, while enteric and related bacterial abundance in SS agar, MacConkey agar and Cetrimide agar media ranged between 1×103 and 3×105 cfu/100 ml, between 1×104 and 1×107, and between 1×100 and 1.4×103 cfu/100 ml, respectively. Among 40 bacterial isolates 14 were selected out of which seven were Gram-positive and seven were Gramnegative. Among Gram-positive isolates, six were rod-shaped spore former belonging to Bacillus and Lactobacillus, while another one was coccoid in shape and under the genus Planococcus. Out of seven Gram-negative isolates, two were the members of Pseudomonas, remaining five were Morganella, Neisseria, Escherichia, Aeromonas and Enterobacter. Inorganic nutrients like NH4+-N, NO3+-N, NO2+-N and PO4+ values were found to be satisfactory from pollution point of view. The presence of different bacterial isolates indicate that the Gulshan lake water was polluted with chemical and bacterial pollutants. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i2.14309 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(2): 165-173, 2012

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Diversity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacteria in Water of Hotel Restaurants in Dhaka City

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science ◽

10.3329/jasbs.v43i2.46515 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 173-180

Author(s):

Md Abdul Karim ◽

Nasrin Sultana

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Abundance ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Genus Bacillus ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Agar Media ◽

Micrococcus Roseus ◽

Microbiological Status

Present study was conducted to determine the microbiological status of water from dispensers in different roadside hotel and restaurants of Dhaka city. Samples were collected from seven hotel and restaurants. Aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count ranged between 1.5 × 10 and 8.8 × 103 cfu/ml. Enteric and related bacterial abundance in MacConkey, SS and Cetrimide agar media ranged from 0 to 4.9 × 106, 0 to 2.1 × 105 and 0 to 1.2 × 106cfu/ml, respectively. In total, 28 bacterial isolates were obtained during the study period. Among them, 15 were heterotrophic isolates and 13 were enteric and related bacteria. Among 15 aerobic heterotrophic isolates, 11 were gram positive and five were gram negative. Out of 11 gram positive isolates, 7 belonged to the genus Bacillus viz. B. circulans, B. subtilis, B. stearothermophilus, B. brevis and B. cereus and one to coccus viz. Micrococcus roseus. The other gram positive species were Kurtia gibsonii, Auriobacterium liguefaciens and Curtobacterium luteum. Four gram negative isolates were Neisseria elongate sub. spp. glycolytica, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar 1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All 13 enteric and related isolates were gram negative, short rod; and non-spore formers and belonged to the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Shigella and Pseudomonas. Among all isolates, two were resistant and six were susceptible to all five antibiotics. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 173-180, December 2017

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Bacterial status and pollution level in the sediment of Gulshan Lake, Dhaka

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science ◽

10.3329/jasbs.v38i2.15596 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Md Abdul Karim ◽

Nazneen Akhter ◽

Sirajul Hoque

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Count ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Genus Bacillus ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Different Seasons

Gulshan-Baridhara lake located in and around Gulshan, Banani and Baridhara, has always been Dhakas most exclusive residential area mainly because of the pristine lake. The lake is elongated in a north south direction and surrounded mainly by residential areas and some industrial units as well. To evaluate the pollution level of the sediment of the lake, samples were collected from 4 selected locations in 4 different seasons. Four different media were used to study the aerobic heterotrophic, enteric and related bacterial count. Aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count was in the range of 1.1 × 104 to 1.2 ×106 cfu/g in sediment sample, while enteric and related bacterial count in 3 different media (SS agar, MacConkey agar and Cetrimide agar) were 1×100 to 1.5×104 cfu/g, 1×100 to 6×104, and 1×100 to 1.1×103 cfu/g in sediment, respectively. Out of 23 bacterial isolates 18 were Gram-positive and 5 were Gram-negative. Among the Gram-positive, all were rod shaped spore former and under the genus Bacillus. Out of 5 Gram-negative isolates 2 were the member of Pseudomonas, remaining 3 strains were Escherichia, Aeromonas and Enterobacter. Total nitrogen and phosphorus level along with the presence of different bacterial strains clearly indicated that Gulshan lake sediment was polluted with the chemical and bacterial pollutants. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i2.15596 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 155-161, December 2012

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Bacterial load and chemical pollution level of the River Buriganga, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5128 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 87-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mihir Lal Saha ◽

Mahbubar Rahman Khan ◽

Mohammad Ali ◽

Sirajul Hoque

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Load ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Enteric Bacteria ◽

Point Of View ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Organic Chemical ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Safety Level ◽

Gram Negative

The River Buriganga is the life line of the Dhaka city and flanked in its southern side. The aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count of the River Buriganga was found to be in the range of 1.0 × 105 to 42.0 × 105cfu/ml while enteric bacterial counts on SS agar and MacConkey agar were 0.1 × 104 to 39.0 × 104cfu/ml and 0.3 × 103 to 3.5 × 104cfu/ml samples, respectively. Out of 74 isolates, 5 Gram-positive (22%) and 18 Gram-negative (78%) bacteria were randomly selected for detailed study. Bacillus was the dominant among the Gram-positive bacteria. Eighteen Gram-negative enteric isolates belonged to the genera Enterobacter (E. amnigenus and E. intermedium (44%), Alcaligenes (28%), Salmonella (17%), Escherichia (5.6%) and Plesiomonas) (5.6%). The NO3 -- N, NO2 -- N and phosphorus concentrations were found to be below the safety level from pollution point of view. BOD and COD values along with the presence of different bacteria clearly indicated that the River Buriganga was polluted with the organic, chemical and bacterial pollutants. Key words: Bacteria; Buriganga River; Enteric bacteria; Pollution; Bangladesh DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5128 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 87-91, 2009 (June)

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Bacterial Isolates and its Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in NICU

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v11i1.11030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 66-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

S Shrestha ◽

NC Shrestha ◽

S Dongol Singh ◽

RPB Shrestha ◽

S Kayestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Nosocomial Sepsis

Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among the newborns in the developing world. Objectives To determine the common bacterial isolates causing sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Methods A one year discriptive prospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit to analyse the results of blood culture and to look into the sensitivity of the commonly used antibiotics. Results The blood culture yield by conventional method was 44.13% with nosocomial sepsis accounting for 10.79%. 84.08% were culture proven early onset sepsis and 15.95% were late onset sepsis. Klebsiella infection was the commonest organism isolated in early, late and nosocomial sepsis but statistically not significant. Gram positive organisms were 39.36% in which Staphylococcus aureus was the leading microorganism followed by coagulase negative staphylococcus areus. Gram negative organisms were 60.64% amongst them Klebsiella was the most often encountered followed by Pseudomonas. The most common organism Klebsiella was 87.5% and 78.3% resistance to ampicillin and gentamycin respectively. Among gram negative isolates 87.5% and 77.2% were resistance to ampicillin and gentamycin respectively. Among gram positive isolates 58.5% and 31.5% resistance were noted to ampicillin and gentamycin respectively. Resistance to cefotaxim to gram negative and gram positive isolates were 87.34% and 59.35% respectively. Conclusion Klebsiella is most common organism which is almost resistance to first line antibiotics. Resistance to both gram negative and gram positive isolates among firstline antibiotics and even with cefotaxim is emerging and is a major concern in neonatal intensive care unit. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i1.11030 Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.11(1) 2013: 66-70

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Isolation and Characterization of Pb Resistant Bacteria from Cilalay Lake, Indonesia

Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.13170/aijst.4.3.3016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Kesi Kurnia ◽

Nina Hermayani Sadi ◽

Syafitri Jumianto

Keyword(s):

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Water Environment ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Agar Media ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Standard Disk

Pollution of water environment with heavy metals is becoming one of the most severe environmental and human health hazards. Lead (Pb) is a major pollutant and highly toxic to human, animals, plants, and microbes. Toxic metals are difficult to remove from the environment, since they cannot be chemically or biologically degraded and are ultimately indestructible. Biological approaches based on metal-resistant microorganisms have received a great deal of attention as alternative remediation processes. This study aim to isolate and characterize Pb resistant of heterotrophic bacteria in Cilalay Lake, West Java, Indonesia. The water samples were collected along three points around Cilalay Lake. Water physical and chemical determination was performed using the Water Quality Checker. The bacterial isolates were screened on Triptone Glucose Yeast (TGY) agar plates. Afterwards selected isolates were grown on Nutrient Agar media 50% with supplemented Pb 100 ppm by the standard disk. Population of resistant bacteria was counted. The result from metal resistant bacteria indicated that all isolates were resistant. The most abundant type of resistant bacteria to lead was Gram negative more than Gram positive. Identified have metal resistant bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated sewage and waste water

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Microbiological Screening and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Profiling of Wound Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.34104/ejmhs.020.01010106 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 101-106

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity

Wound infection is a major problem in hospitals in developing countries. Wound infection causes morbidity and prolonged hospital stay thus this prospective study was conducted for a period of seven months (January 2019 to July 2019). A total of 217 specimens (wound swabs and pus exudates) from wound infected patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh. A retrospective study of the microbiological evaluation was done by cultural growth as well as Gram staining and biochemical examination to identify the bacterial isolates. Finally, the antimicrobial vulnerability testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion conventional method. A total of 295 samples were tested. Out of which 217 (73.5%) were found culture positive. E. coli was the most predominant gram-negative isolates whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most commonly isolated gram-positive organisms. Antimicrobial sensitivity profile of bacterial isolates revealed imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin to be the most effective antimicrobials against gram-negative isolates, whereas imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, amoxiclav, and gentamicin were the most effective drugs against gram-positive isolates. The result of this examination contributes to the identification of basic causative microbes involved in wound infection and findings of antibiotic susceptibility patterns can be helpful for primary care physicians to optimize the treatment modalities, articulate policies for empiric antimicrobial therapy, and to minimize the rate of infection among wound infected patients.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Blood Culture among HIV/AIDS Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2020/8893266 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mohabaw Jemal ◽

Teshiwal Deress ◽

Teshome Belachew ◽

Yesuf Adem

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Blood Culture ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Hiv Aids

Background. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is recognized as a global public health problem. Bloodstream infection with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in HIV/AIDS patients makes the problem more challenging. So, regular and periodic diagnosis and use of the appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern determination is the only option for decreasing the prevalence and development of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 HIV/AIDS patients. Sociodemographic data of patients were recorded using structured questionnaires. Blood cultures were collected with BACTEC aerobic blood culture bottles. A pair of samples was collected from each patient aseptically and incubated at 37°. If samples are positive for bacterial agents, they were subcultured to solid media such as blood agar plate, chocolate agar plate, and MacConkey agar plates. Identification was performed using colony characteristics and standard biochemical techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Data entry and analysis were performed while using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were performed to calculate frequencies. Results. Altogether, 384 patients were included, and 123 blood cultures were positive, so that the yield was thus 32%. About 46 (37.4%) of Gram-negative and 77 (62.6%) of Gram-positive bacterial species were identified. Among Gram-negative bacterial isolates, K. pneumoniae was the leading pathogen, 19 (41.3%), whereas S. aureus, 38 (49.4%), was predominant among Gram-positive isolates. In his study, the majority of Gram-positive isolates showed high level of resistance to penicillin, 72 (95.5%), tetracycline, 55 (71.4%), and cotrimoxazole, 45 (58.4%). About 28 (73.6%) of S. aureus isolates were also methicillin-resistant. Gram-negative bacterial isolates also showed a high resistance to ampicillin (91.3%), tetracycline (91.3%), and gentamicin (47.8%). Overall, about 78% of multidrug resistance was observed. Conclusion. Several pathogens were resistant to greater than five antimicrobial agents, so that proper management of patients with bacteremia is needed, and a careful selection of effective antibiotics should be practiced.

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Bakteri Aerob Penyebab Infeksi Nosokomial di Ruang Bedah RSU Abepura, Kota Jayapura, Papua

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.537 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 63-68

Author(s):

Daniel Lantang ◽

Desi Paiman

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Brain Heart Infusion ◽

Aerobic Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Agar Media ◽

Identification Of Bacteria

The research on identification of aerobic bacteria causing nosocomial infection in the surgery room of General Hospital (RSU) Abepura, Jayapura had been done from August–December 2008. Samples were taken from room air (30 minutes) using blood agar media and from certain tools at some points using brain heart infusion media (BHI). The colony appearance was observed after 24 hours of incubation period of bacterial growth. Further analysis to identify the aerobic bacteria causing nosocomial infections was done by several tests in Jayapura Health Laboratory. The result showed that there were 15 aerobic bacteria consisted of: the coccid gram–positive bacteria: Staphylococus epidermidis, S. aureus, S. saprophyticus, Streptcoccus sp; the rod gram-positive bacteria: Listeria monocytogenes, Diptheroid sp, Lactobacillus sp and gram-negative bacteria: Providence rettgeri, Pseudomonas puttrefaciens, Klebsiela ozaena, P. malthophyla, Morganela morganii, Serattia sp, K. oxytoca, and K. pneumonia. Key words: Aerobic bacteria, identification of bacteria, nosocomial infection, surgical room, Jayapura.

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Pattern of bacterial isolates causing neonatal septicemia along with their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.04.3524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (04) ◽

pp. 737-741

Author(s):

Shahid Iqbal ◽

Fazal Ur Rehman ◽

Waqas Ali ◽

Sanam Bano Rajper

Keyword(s):

Blood Culture ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Data Entry ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Neonatal Septicemia ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Empiric Antibiotic

Objectives: We planned this study to observe the pattern related to bacterial isolates causing neonatal septicemia along with their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of Neonatology, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zaid Al Nahyan Teaching Hospital, Rawlakot. Period: From 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. Material & Methods: Prior to empiric antibiotic usage, blood was collected from neonates having clinical sepsis and sent for blood culture. A total of 60 neonates with culture proven sepsis were enrolled for this study. Reports of blood culture were evaluated for isolates of bacteria as well as patterns of sensitivity for frequently used antibiotics in the institution. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Results: A total of 60 neonates having culture proven sepsis were enrolled in the current study. Amongst these, 39 (65.0) were male and 21 (35.0%) female. Early onset of sepsis was diagnosed in most, 42 (70.0%) neonates. Majority of neonates, 50 (83.3%) were delivered in the same hospital. Gram negative isolates were found in 43 (71.7%) and 15 (25.0%) gram positive while 2 (3.3%) candida spp. In terms of pattern of antibiotic sensitivity, 4 (9.3%) isolates of gram negative were found resistant to every antibiotic routinely used while gram positive isolates showed excellent sensitivity to vancomycin. Conclusion: Gram negative isolates of organisms were found to be the most sensitive to carbepenems (especially meropenem) as well as aminoglycosides while gram positive isolates showed excellent sensitive regarding vancomycin.

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Gut Flora in Autistic Children as Biomarker for Autism in Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

10.32792/utq/utjsci/vol7/2/17 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 73-79

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

The Other ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Autistic Children ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Other Hand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

This is the first study that investigated the microbial factor as biomarker in autistic children and discuss roles of this factor in the pathogenesis of autism. The participants in current study were 145 persons, only 50 sample of stool could collected (35 autistic children and 15 healthy children). Autistic children were attended to autism unit at Disabled Hospital in Thi-Qar province, Iraq during the period from January to November 2016. The results showed males (81%) more than female (19%) with ratio 4:1 and also results explain the age group of 3-5 years recorded the highest percentage (41.05%). Distribution of autistic children according to sibling showed six were brotherly with occurrence rate 6.3%. Stool samples were subjected to examination and culture. The total aerobic count of isolated bacteria was 140 isolates. Gram-negative isolates were identified by API Enterobacteriaceae system. The results were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis with percentage 38.5%, 19.23%, 11.53%,7.69%, and 3.84% respectively. On the other hand, gram positive cocci isolates included Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Staph. epidermidis with percentage 11.53%, 4.80% and 2.88% respectively. A significant difference (P≤0.05) was recorded between bacterial isolates. Quantity and quality of isolated bacteria (colony/g *104) were done. E.coli isolates were the highest count with 261*104 colony/g while, Staphylococci epidermidis were recorded the worse colony count with 30*104 colony/g. The quality results showed Escherichia coli the most common gram negative bacterial isolates (38.46%). On the other hand, the highest gram positive cocci isolates were included Enterococcus faecalis (11.53%), with significant difference (P≤0.05) between bacterial isolates. The ability of bacterial isolates to produce histidine decarboxylase was examined on Niven medium. The positive result include colonies with purple halo around them. Only 10 isolates (25%) from all isolates were produce histidine belong to E.coli. On other hand, result of parasite examination explain no parasite in all samples. From this study can conclusion the altered gut microflora may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of autism. Despite the accurate evidence, this etiological heterogeneity is still not recognized by autism researchers, and most studies fail to take it into account.

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