scholarly journals Measurements of Metal Contamination, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Five Medicinal Herbs from Azad Kashmir

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Sherkheli ◽  
Muhammad Altaf ◽  
Saima Manzoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Azad Kashmir

We studied the metal contaminations as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of five medicinal species: Berberis lyceum (Sumbal), Datura stramonium (Joz-e-masel), Semicarpous anacardium (Bhalawa), Fumaria indica (Shahtara) and Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and agar-well diffusion method against E. coli and S. aureus and ABTS+● decolorization assay. We found that the contamination levels of K, Ca, Mg, and Ni are above the standard permissible limits and should be monitored. B. lyceum has been found to possess highest antimicrobial activities against both strains. Besides B. lyceum, D. stramonium, S. anacardium and F. indica have shown promising antioxidant activities. Phytochemical investigations are required to isolate antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from these medicinal plants. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 7-12, 2019

In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Bacillus clausii KP10

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Farzana Nighat and Zahid Mushtaq Farzana Nighat and Zahid Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Bacillus Clausii

Humans and plants are experiencing different kinds of diseases. Many of these diseases are mainly caused by microorganisms like fungi, bacteria and viruses that adversely affect their hosts. Bioactive compounds produced by bacteria can be used to treat the infections caused by these microorganisms. Free radicals that can cause serious damage to the cell can be repressed by antioxidants that are produced by bacteria as secondary compounds. The current case study was therefore planned to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of the organic and aqueous extracts of Bacillus clausii KP10 isolated recently by our group from hot springs of Tatta Pani, Poonch, Azad Kashmir. The antimicrobial activities were assessed using well diffusion method against two Gram positive bacteria; B. subtilis, and S. aureus, and two Gram negative bacteria; E. coli and P. multocida and three fungal strains; A. niger, A. parasiticus and A. ustus. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were done by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. In our experiments the maximum zones of inhibition were shown by ethanolic extract against P. multocida (21 mm), S. aureus (13 mm) and methanol soluble fraction showed zone of inhibition against A. ustus (21 mm) as compared to the standard ciprofloxacin for bacteria and as antifungal agents with terbinafine. In our studies n-hexane fraction of B. clausii KP10 showed maximum 88.67% antioxidant activity. Finally, results were analyzed statistically through analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hence it is proved that the bioactive fractions obtained from B. clausii KP10 are good source of antimicrobials and antioxidants and they can be used as medicines in future for the respective treatments.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties for Ginkgo biloba and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) from Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI ◽  
Mona H. BADAWI
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Agar Disc

The widespread use of medicinal plants for health purposes has increased dramatically due to their great importance to the public health. In this study levels of phenolic, flavonoid contents of Ginkgo biloba and Rosmarinus officinalis from Egypt were determined. HPLC was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in selected plants. The plant extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using various antioxidant methodologies, (i) scavenging of free radicals using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, (ii) metal ion chelating capacity, and (iii) scavenging of superoxide anion radical. The antimicrobial activity of both plant’s extracts were evaluated against a panel of microorganisms by using agar disc diffusion method. The total phenolic content (75.30 and 98.31 mg/g dry weight in G. biloba and R. officinalis, respectively) was significantly (p<0.05) different. Among the identified phenolic compounds, quercetin, kaempferol and caffeic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba, whereas carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, narinigen and hispidulin were the predominant phenolic compound in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves. The antioxidant activity increased with the concentration increase. The R. officinalis was more active than G. biloba extract against Gram-negative bacteria. This study reveals that the consumption of these plants would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging, Antimicrobial Activities and Effect of Sub-Acute Exposure to Nigerian Xylopia aethiopica Seed Extract on Liver and Kidney Functional Indices of Albino Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Abubakar Awwal Yusuf ◽  
◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Background: Xylopia aethiopica is highly reputed for its numerous medicinal properties. In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and toxicity profile of methanol seed extract of Nigerian X. aethiopica in rat were evaluated. Methods: Phytochemical compositions were evaluated using standard procedures. The antibacterial study was carried out using agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay. Twenty-five rats (5 each) were given 0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt of the extract orally for 28 days. Results: The extract had total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of 15.98±0.03mg GAE/g and 2.29±0.02 mg/g CE respectively. The extract had IC50 values of 52.45±3.05 µg/mL and 73.45±3.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAP assay respectively. The E. coli showed the highest susceptibility (20.27±0.90mm) while P. aeuruginisa showed the least (15.08±0.20mm). The MIC ranged from 25-50 µg/mL while MBC ranged between 50µg/mL and 100 µg/mL. In comparison with the control rats, the levels of serum creatinine, bicarbonate total proteins, albumin, and ALP were significantly higher in rat dosed 600 mg/kg bwt while urea decreases in rat dose 300 and 600 mg/kg. However, serum concentration of ALT, AST, bilirubin, Na+, K+ and Cl- compared favorably (P>0.05) with control at all doses. Conclusion: The study revealed the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nigerian X. aethiopica, the extract at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/b.wt did not provoke toxic effects to the animals’ liver and kidney; however, caution should be exercised when using as a prolonged oral remedy at high doses.

Ultrasonic Extraction of Thai Propolis for Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sanpa ◽  
Krit Sutjarittangtham ◽  
T. Tunkasiri ◽  
Sukum Eitssayeam ◽  
P. Chantawannakul
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Efficient Extraction

Propolis is the mixture of resins that honeybees collect from plant buds, leaves and exudates. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of propolis have been widely studied, however, there have few reports on Thai propolis. To increase the efficient extraction of organic propolis compounds, extraction methods have been developed. We applied the ultrasound technology to reduce extraction time and increase extraction yields of propolis. The propolis was extracted using ultrasound technology for 15-60 minutes and the propolis extracts were examined to compare their biological activities. Antimicrobial activities of the propolis were investigated using the agar well diffusion method. The free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities of propolis extracts were measured using the DPPH and FolinCiocalteau colorimetric methods. The propolis extracted using ultrasound for 15 and 30 minutes showed inhibitory effects on tested fungi and bacteria as well as antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Capacities of Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach) Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
I. R. Jack ◽  
P. D. Clark ◽  
G. I. Ndukwe
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms

Medicinal plants are valuable natural sources for the development of potentially safe drugs. The biological activities associated with these plants are due to the presence of certain phytochemicals that act individually or synergistically. Thus, this study examined the phytochemical components, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanolic extracts of Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach). Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical assays of P. purpureum showed the presence of alkaloids (0.004%), saponins (0.002%), flavonoids (0.021%), steroids, terpenoids and glycosides (0.008%). Methanol, n-hexane and ethylacetate extracts of P. purpureum were examined for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method. Six microbial strains were exposed to six different concentrations of each extracts; 200 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml. The three extracts demonstrated varied concentration-dependent antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. The methanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus and antifungal activity against T. mentagrophyte and A. niger. Among all extracts, the methanolic extract of P. purpureum exhibited relatively strong antifungal activity against A. niger (10.3±0.12 mm) when compared to the standard antifungal agent, fluconazole (13.9±0.12 mm). Furthermore, antioxidant activities were spectrophotometrically studied using vitamin C as standard; methanol and ethylacetate extracts of P. purpureum showed pronounced scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); and had a potent reductive ability on ferric ion and phosphomolybdate. However, only the non-polar extract of P. purpureum showed a non-significant correlation and significant differences when compared to vitamin C. Antioxidant activities of the plant extracts were observed in the order of methanol >ethylacetate> n-hexane extracts. The results showed that P. purpureum contains phytochemicals that significantly contributed to the observed antimicrobial and antioxidant abilities of the plant and could be used as a potential source for the development of novel therapeutic drugs.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CARICA PAPAYA L. SEEDS GROWN IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Nabil Q. M. Al-Hajj
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Alkaloids

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of Carica papaya L. seeds extracts collected from Al Hudaydah city, Yemen (Latitude: 14°47′52″ N Longitude: 42°57′16″ E) during the months of January and February 2021. The seed was extracted with different solvents by the cold percolation method. The disk diffusion method was employed to assess the antibacterial activity of the seed extract against six bacterial and four fungal strains. Spectrometric methods were employed to calculate the total alkaloids, anthocyanin, flavonoid, phenolic, quinones, saponin, steroids, terpenoid, tannin, and phenols contents, as well as the antioxidant activities. Antibacterial and antifungal activity tests exhibited that the selected microorganisms are highly sensitive to the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of C. papaya L. seeds, followed by chloroform, water, and n-hexane extracts. The samples also demonstrated a significant DPPH, FRAP, and APTS radical scavenging activity. Additionally, the preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, alkaloids, steroids, quinones, anthocyanin, tannin, and phenols, all of which potentially contribute to the antimicrobial activities of C. papaya L. seeds.

Phytochemical Profile, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Cistus clusii Essential oil From Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Souad Khebri ◽  
Naima Benkiki ◽  
Mouloud Yahia ◽  
Hamada Haba
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Β Carotene

Objective: In this work, we investigated the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the Algerian Cistus clusii Dunal essential oil. Methods: Cistus clusii essential oil has been extracted using hydrodistillation method and characterized by GC/MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two different methods DPPH free radical scavenging, and β-carotene bleaching test. The antimicrobial activity was carried out using disc diffusion method against reference strains; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27865), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), clinical bacterial (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and fungal (Candida albicans) isolates. Results: The chemical profile of the oil showed 31 compounds. This profile was dominated by the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons (78.4%), oxygenated derivatives (18.8%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as minor constituents of this essential oil (1.9%). The major constituents were Camphene (20.6%), γ-Terpinene (16.5%), Sabinene (12.8%), and Terpineol-4 (13.5%). Other compounds were found in moderately good amounts like α-Terpinene (8.9%), α-Thujene (5.9%), α-Pinene (4.2%), and α- Terpinolene (3.1%). The results of the antimicrobial activity showed that the highest activity was observed against C. albicans and it was higher than positive control Fluconazole. The essential oil exhibited a strong antioxidant activity, especially in the β-carotene system. Conclusion: This study indicates that Cistus clusii essential oil showed potent antioxidant and moderate antimicrobial activities which could be used to explain the use of this species in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Determination of Phenolic Contents by HPLC, and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antityrosinase, and Anticholinesterase Activities of Psephellus huber-morathii

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuriye Korkmaz ◽  
Sıla Ozlem Sener ◽  
Nuray Balturk ◽  
Seyda Kanbolat ◽  
Merve Badem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Constituents

The goal of our study was to examine of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase activities, and phenolic composition of Psephellus huber-morathii. The antioxidant activities of extracts have been assessed by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Phenolic constituents were measured using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and antimicrobial activity was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. Total phenolic content, FRAP, and CUPRAC results of aqueous extract have been better than methanolic extract, except for DPPH activity. Benzoic acid, and p-coumaric acid as major phenolic compounds were specified. Methanolic extract was especially effective against all microorganisms tested except for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The methanolic extract have been displayed inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. All extracts have been exhibited lower acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities than galantamine. P. huber-morathii can be considered in the food, and drug industries due to antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activities of the species. It can be potential source as anti-browning agents  because of its average tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some Medicinal Smokes Prescribed in Iranian Traditional Medicine for Catarrh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Leila Mohammad Taghizadeh Kashani ◽  
Shiva Masoudi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadian-Attari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

Background: Microbial resistance has recently become one of the major healthcare problems worldwide. Finding new sources of chemical active antimicrobial compounds, along with what has been produced by fungi is now a common approach to solve this problem. On the other hand, inflammation has recently been considered as an underlying factor of many diseases, and working on anti-inflammatory drugs is interesting as well. Information provided by Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) can be used as a source of inspiration in order to find the herbs with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Objective: The present study aimed to examine antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of 6 medicinal smokes prescribed in ITM for catarrh. Materials and Methods: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 were used in this study. In addition, the preliminary antimicrobial activity of Commiphora myrrha, Cinnamomum cassia, Costus arabicus, Nigella sativa, Pimpinella anisum, and Tetraclinis articulate was performed by the disc diffusion method. Further, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum lethal concentration were determined using the microdilution method. Finally, antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the reduction of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl solution. Results: The results showed that C. arabicus, C. cassia, and P. anisum had considerable antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, antioxidant evaluation of the herbal smokes demonstrated the lowest IC50 for C. cassia (10.44 µg/mL), C. myrrha (13 µg/mL), and C. arabicus (15.16 µg/mL). Conclusion: In general, herbal medicinal smokes were found to have interesting antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Therefore, more investigation on these smokes would be fruitful.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of the Metabolites from Different Sources of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Md Masud Rana ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Agar Disc

Antibiotic resistance and emergence of new infections are becoming serious health concern in the recent days. To overcome these problems, the present study was designed to isolate and characterize new microbial species from different locations of Rajshahi division, Bangladesh that can produce bioactive metabolites effective against resistant microorganisms. A total of 56 microbial isolates were obtained by cross streaking and agar disc diffusion method and tested against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-259233, Listeria monocytogenes, Agrobacterium spp., Escherichia coli FPFC-1407, Shigella dysenteriae AL-35587, Sh. sonnei, and Sh. boydii. Among the total 56 isolates, only 25% were found to inhibit the test pathogens. One of the bacterial isolates designated as DADA-1AIMR-24 revealed maximum antimicrobial activities. From the morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics, pattern of utilization of carbon sources, growth pattern and gram staining, it was concluded that DADA-1AIMR-24 belongs to round shaped gram positive bacteria which is greyish green in color.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 172-179, 2017

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