scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of the Metabolites from Different Sources of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Md Masud Rana ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Agar Disc

Antibiotic resistance and emergence of new infections are becoming serious health concern in the recent days. To overcome these problems, the present study was designed to isolate and characterize new microbial species from different locations of Rajshahi division, Bangladesh that can produce bioactive metabolites effective against resistant microorganisms. A total of 56 microbial isolates were obtained by cross streaking and agar disc diffusion method and tested against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-259233, Listeria monocytogenes, Agrobacterium spp., Escherichia coli FPFC-1407, Shigella dysenteriae AL-35587, Sh. sonnei, and Sh. boydii. Among the total 56 isolates, only 25% were found to inhibit the test pathogens. One of the bacterial isolates designated as DADA-1AIMR-24 revealed maximum antimicrobial activities. From the morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics, pattern of utilization of carbon sources, growth pattern and gram staining, it was concluded that DADA-1AIMR-24 belongs to round shaped gram positive bacteria which is greyish green in color.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 172-179, 2017

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

scholarly journals Gas chromatographic and antimicrobial analyses of phenolic compounds in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Funmilayo Adelowo ◽  
Oluwole Oladeji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Senna Alata

This present work is aimed at determining the chemical components in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae), that contains a large array of phenolic compounds which make it useful as antifungal and antibacterial. Despite a notable success in the recent researches, yet, the quantification of the chemical components has not been actually specified. There is a claim by local people that S. alata can cure fungi and bacteria related diseases. Therefore, there is a need to ascertain this claim by examining the bioactive components present in the plant. The Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis was performed using a Clarus 500 Perkin Elmer gas chromatography equipped with an Elite-5 capillary column with the addition of an absolute alcohol. The antimicrobial analysis was carried out using Agar Disc Diffusion Method. In the GC chromatogram, four prominent peaks were observed in leaf chromatogram, three peaks in flower chromatogram and five peaks in fruit chromatogram, respectively. The flower contained the highest amount of cinnamic acid (52.91%) and the fruit contained the least (17.03%). The presence of some bioactive metabolites could be responsible for the observed antifungal and antibacterial activities on the susceptible organisms studied. It could be concluded that this plant is natural sources of antimicrobial substances of high importance and are useful in chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Measurements of Metal Contamination, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Five Medicinal Herbs from Azad Kashmir

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Sherkheli ◽  
Muhammad Altaf ◽  
Saima Manzoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Azad Kashmir

We studied the metal contaminations as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of five medicinal species: Berberis lyceum (Sumbal), Datura stramonium (Joz-e-masel), Semicarpous anacardium (Bhalawa), Fumaria indica (Shahtara) and Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and agar-well diffusion method against E. coli and S. aureus and ABTS+● decolorization assay. We found that the contamination levels of K, Ca, Mg, and Ni are above the standard permissible limits and should be monitored. B. lyceum has been found to possess highest antimicrobial activities against both strains. Besides B. lyceum, D. stramonium, S. anacardium and F. indica have shown promising antioxidant activities. Phytochemical investigations are required to isolate antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from these medicinal plants. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 7-12, 2019

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Oxathiine-Fused Quinone-Thioglucoside Conjugates of Substituted 1,4-Naphthoquinones

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Yuri E. Sabutski ◽  
Ekaterina S. Menchinskaya ◽  
Ludmila S. Shevchenko ◽  
Ekaterina A. Chingizova ◽  
Artur R. Chingizov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Derivatives Of

A series of new tetracyclic oxathiine-fused quinone-thioglycoside conjugates based on biologically active 1,4-naphthoquinones and 1-mercapto derivatives of per-O-acetyl d-glucose, d-galactose, d-xylose, and l-arabinose have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Six tetracyclic conjugates bearing a hydroxyl group in naphthoquinone core showed high cytotoxic activity with EC50 values in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 μM for various types of cancer and normal cells and no hemolytic activity up to 25 μM. The antimicrobial activity of conjugates was screened against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), and fungus Candida albicans by the agar diffusion method. The most effective juglone conjugates with d-xylose or l-arabinose moiety and hydroxyl group at C-7 position of naphthoquinone core at concentration 10 µg/well showed antimicrobial activity comparable with antibiotics vancomicin and gentamicin against Gram-positive bacteria strains. In liquid media, juglone-arabinosidic tetracycles showed highest activity with MIC 6.25 µM. Thus, a positive effect of heterocyclization with mercaptosugars on cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity for group of 1,4-naphthoquinones was shown.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties for Ginkgo biloba and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) from Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI ◽  
Mona H. BADAWI
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Agar Disc

The widespread use of medicinal plants for health purposes has increased dramatically due to their great importance to the public health. In this study levels of phenolic, flavonoid contents of Ginkgo biloba and Rosmarinus officinalis from Egypt were determined. HPLC was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in selected plants. The plant extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using various antioxidant methodologies, (i) scavenging of free radicals using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, (ii) metal ion chelating capacity, and (iii) scavenging of superoxide anion radical. The antimicrobial activity of both plant’s extracts were evaluated against a panel of microorganisms by using agar disc diffusion method. The total phenolic content (75.30 and 98.31 mg/g dry weight in G. biloba and R. officinalis, respectively) was significantly (p<0.05) different. Among the identified phenolic compounds, quercetin, kaempferol and caffeic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba, whereas carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, narinigen and hispidulin were the predominant phenolic compound in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves. The antioxidant activity increased with the concentration increase. The R. officinalis was more active than G. biloba extract against Gram-negative bacteria. This study reveals that the consumption of these plants would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI DARI BEBERAPA KULTIVAR TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 DENGAN HOLE-PLATE DIFFUSION METHOD

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Farida Lanawati Darsono ◽  
Stephanie Devi Artemisia
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Activity Test

A study has been performed on the antimicrobial activities of jambu biji (Psidium guajava Linn) leaves from several cultivars (red, white and yellow cultivar) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 representing the Gram positive bacteria. The reason for conducting this research is that the leaves of jambu biji are frequently used in traditional medicine as a remedy against diarrhoea. The hole-plate diffusion method was used for conducting the antimicrobial activity test with antibiotics (Ampicilline trihidrat) as reference standards. The extracts of jambu biji for each cultivar were obtained by reflux with ethanol 96 percent. The concentrations of the extracts applied to the holes were 10 percent, 20 percent, and 30 percent w/v, the extracts were reconstituted with tween 80 and ethanol 96 percent. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that the extract of jambu biji from each cultivar with the concentration of 10 percent, 20 percent, and 30 percent w/v showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The result obtained statictically evaluated using Anava Factorial 3x3 and furthery tested for significancy (a = 0.05). Based on the results of study, it can be concluded that the extract of jambu biji leaves from red cultivar, white cultivar and yellow cultivar showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial potential and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leave extract: An Emerging folkloric medicinal plant in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 043-047
Author(s):  
Fatima Adamu Lawan ◽  
Binta Baba Shehu ◽  
Ali Abba Gana Benisheikh ◽  
Abba Mohammad Dige ◽  
Hassan Arabi Jidda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Agar Disc

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leave extract as folkloric medicinal alternative. The phytochemical screening result revealed the presence of Alkanoids, Saponins, Fats & oil, Terpenoids and Tanin in all the solvents used for the study. Agar-disc diffusion method were used to determine the antimicrobial activities of the Moringa oleifera extracts on microorganisms. Maximum activities of inhibition were recorded on Ethyl acetate (50mg/ml) against Pseudomonas auroginusa, moderarate activities against Escherichia coli. Likewise 50mg/ml of Haxane extract show weak activities on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, moderate in both Staphalococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Whereas 50mg/ml of Methanol show moderate activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphalococcus aureus and weak activities on Escherichia coli respectively. The research revealed that Moringa oleifera bioactive components would be a safer alternative for curative and preventive emerging folkloric medicinal plant for treatment of bacterial ailments in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria.

Antimicrobial effects of craniopharyngioma cystic fluid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luxwell Jokonya ◽  
Tsungai Reid ◽  
Maritha Kasambala ◽  
Tariro L Mduluza-Joko ◽  
Graham Fieggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cystic Fluid ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background Tumors are known to increase the risk of infections, more-so in the central nervous system where tumors may require insertion of surgical hardware/shunts such as in craniopharyngiomas. In contrast, our observation demonstrate that infections of surgical hardware are surprisingly scarce in craniopharyngioma cases. In this study, we explore the possibility of antimicrobial effects of craniopharyngioma cystic fluid. Methods The antibacterial effect of samples of craniopharyngioma cystic fluid against the selected human pathogens Escherichia. coli, S. aureus and S. pneumoniae was determined using the agar disc diffusion method. These results were compared with that of streptomycin and ampicillin.Results The samples of craniopharyngioma cystic fluid inhibited growth of gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and S. pneumoniae) but not the gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. The samples showed highest zones of S. pneumoniae growth inhibition.Conclusion Craniopharyngioma cystic fluid demonstrated significant antibacterial properties against gram positive bacteria. More studies need to be carried out to further elucidate this unique finding.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of N-(Heteroaryl-substituted)-p-toluenesulphonamides

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ozoh Chinwe Francisca ◽  
Okoro Uchechukwu Chris ◽  
Ugwu David Izuchukwu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
New Class ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
C Nmr

A new class of N-(heteroaryl-substituted)-p-toluenesulphonamides has been synthesized exhibiting antibacterial and antifungal properties. The condensation reaction of p-toluenesulphonyl chloride 1 with appropriate substituted amino pyridines 2a–g in acetone furnished N-(heteroaryl-substituted)-p-toluenesulphonamides 3a–g. These derivatives were characterized by IR, 1H-, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and were screened in vitro against gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and fungi organisms using agar-diffusion method. Results indicated improved biological activities over reference drugs such as Tetracycline (TCN) and Fluconazole (FLU).

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin—An Antibacterial Carotenoid

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz M. Karpiński ◽  
Artur Adamczak
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Agar Disc

Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid produced by brown algae and diatoms. This compound has several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Unfortunately, until now the latter effect has been poorly confirmed. The aim of this study was an evaluation of fucoxanthin activity against 20 bacterial species. Antimicrobial effect of fucoxanthin was determined by using the agar disc-diffusion and micro-dilution methods. The studied carotenoid acted against 13 bacteria growing in aerobic conditions. It was observed to have a significantly stronger impact on Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. Mean zones of growth inhibition (ZOIs) for Gram-positive bacteria ranged between 9.0 and 12.2 mm, while for Gram-negative were from 7.2 to 10.2 mm. According to the agar disc-diffusion method, the highest activity of fucoxanthin was exhibited against Streptococcus agalactiae (mean ZOI 12.2 mm), Staphylococcus epidermidis (mean ZOI 11.2 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (mean ZOI 11.0 mm), and in the microdilution test towards Streptococcus agalactiae with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 µg/mL. On the other hand, fucoxanthin was not active against strict anaerobic bacteria.

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