scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Elderly In-Patients in Non-Psychiatric Wards of a Teaching Hospital in Northern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
M A Amedu ◽  
O Baiyewu ◽  
A J Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

The population of the elderly is increasing globally with enormous challenges particularly in developing countries. Aging increases the risk for both physical and psychiatric disorders with psychiatric disorders often unrecognized in non-psychiatric settings. This presents huge costs to both patient and society. The study aimed at estimating the rate of psychiatric morbidity in non-psychiatric wards of a tertiary hospital in Northern Nigeria. One hundred and forty (140) subjects were recruited into this cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants were initially screened using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) after administering the Socio-demographic questionnaire. Subjects scoring >5 in the SRQ and or ≤13 in the Modified MMSE were then further interviewed using the Geriatric Mental State Schedule (GMS). Clinical Psychiatric diagnosis was also made based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria from all information available and later compared with GMS diagnoses. Mean age of participants was 67.5, SD ±6.4. The rate of psychiatric morbidity using ICD-10 diagnosis was 47.9% with depression being the commonest disorder (18.6%) followed by delirium (17.1%) and dementia (10.7%). Depression and anxiety disorders were particularly under-recognized by non-psychiatric doctors. Identified risk factors for psychiatric morbidity included female gender, low socioeconomic status, low educational level and presence of multiple medical diagnoses. The rate of psychiatric morbidity among elderly in-patients in non-psychiatric settings has remained high in comparison to previous studies with huge gaps in recognition and treatment reflecting the need for more collaboration between medical teams.

scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among rural and slum female population: A comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhunu Shamsun Nahar ◽  
Monami Haque ◽  
Nafia Farzana Chowdhury ◽  
M. M. A. Shalauddin Qusar ◽  
Wasima Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Rural Sample ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among women than men worldwide. The lifetime risk of depres­sion and dysthymia are twice as common in women as men. Rural women usually undergoes more stressful situations and also scores more on stress scale than that of urban and slum population. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The research objectives of this study are: 1) To find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the study population. 2) To compare the disorders among the rural and slum female population. 3) To find out the influence of existing socio-demographic factors on psychiatric disorders. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This is a community-based study, which is also cross sectional and descriptive in nature. The sample for the main study constituted 366 randomly selected respondents. A two-staged screening procedure was carried in the study. First, the total population was studied by screening test-Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) to divide the sample into 'screen positive' and 'screen negative' subjects. In the second stage, full assessment of a mixture of all 'screen positive' and 25% 'screen negative' was carried out by structured clinical interview for diagnosis (SCID-NP). Later SCID filled by the respondents was assessed by consultant psychiatrists by using DSMIV in order to put exact clinical diagnosis. Stress was scored according to Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLE). The total duration of the study was from July 2010 to June 2011. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Higher prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.90%) population. Regarding pattern of psychiatric disorders among rural sample (22.8%) than slum (10.9%) population.</p><p>See the PDF for the rest of the abstract.</p>

Stress and psychiatric disorder in rural Punjab

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Mumford ◽  
Khalid Saeed ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Shazia Latif ◽  
Malik H. Mubbashar
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

BackgroundThe prevalence of psychiatric disorders in rural Punjab is unknown. Previous studies in rural areas elsewhere in the Indian subcontinent have yielded widely differing estimates.MethodFirst-stage screening of a village near Gujar Khan used the Bradford Somatic Inventory and Self Reporting Questionnaire. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with stratified samples using the ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research.ResultsIt is estimated that 66% of women and 25% of men suffered from anxiety and depressive disorders. Levels of emotional distress increased with age in both genders. Women living in unitary households reported more distress than those living in extended or joint families. With younger men and women, lower levels of education were associated with greater risk of psychiatric disorders. Social disadvantage was associated with more emotional distress.ConclusionsThis study in rural Punjab confirms the findings of a previous study in Chitral, northern Pakistan, of high levels of emotional distress and psychiatric morbidity among women in rural areas of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Common mental disorders in Santiago, Chile

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Araya ◽  
Graciela Rojas ◽  
Rosemarie Fritsch ◽  
Julia Acuña ◽  
Glyn Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundThere have been relatively few surveys in Latin America that have attempted to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in private households.AimsTo determine the prevalence of common mental disorders and socio-demographic correlates among adults from Santiago, Chile.MethodCross-sectional survey of private households with a probabilistic sampling design was used. Common mental disorders were measured using the Clinical Interview Schedule–Revised (CIS–R).ResultsThree thousand eight hundred and seventy adults were interviewed. Twenty-five per cent were CIS–R cases and 13% met criteria for an ICD–10 diagnosis. Low education, female gender, unemployment, separation, low social status and lone parenthood were associated with a higher prevalence.ConclusionsPrevalence rates were higher than those found in urban areas of Great Britain, both for ICD–10 diagnoses and ‘non-specific neurotic disorders’. Similar socio-demographic factors were associated with an increased prevalence of common mental disorders in Chile as in the UK. There is a need to unify methodologies to be able to compare results internationally.

Psychiatric disorders among the elderly on non-psychiatric wards in an African setting

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noeline Nakasujja ◽  
Seggane Musisi ◽  
James Walugembe ◽  
Daphne Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background: The elderly are vulnerable to illness and particularly to psychiatric illness. Many mentally ill elderly patients end up on non-psychiatric wards owing to somatization of their illnesses. Even for these patients, a psychiatric diagnosis may not be made. The literature on the elderly in Uganda is very scanty. This study aims to establish the prevalence and factors associated with psychiatric disorders among elderly patients admitted to non-psychiatric wards.Methods: We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study of 127 consenting elderly patients. They were administered a standardized questionnaire comprising the Self Reporting Questionnaire 25, the Mini-mental State Examination and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV. Study variables included socio-demographic characteristics, physical illnesses, psychiatric disorders and the treatment given.Results: The rate of psychiatric morbidity was 48%. The sex ratio was 1:1; however, women had a higher rate of psychiatric illness than men, 54.6% and 41.3% respectively. Being widowed or separated and having cancer were associated with SRQ > 5, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively. Depressive disorders were the most common at 25.2% and were more common in women. Increasing age was associated with dementia (p < 0.00).Conclusion: There is a high rate of psychiatric morbidity among the elderly in Uganda. Particular attention should be given to the psychological health of elderly people admitted to general hospitals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among prisoners attending OPD of Central Jail Hospital, Kathmandu

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
P. Bhattarai ◽  
V.D. Sharma ◽  
M. Chapagai ◽  
P. Tulachan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Introduction: Prisoners are one of the most vulnerable groups for having high prevalence of mental illness. There is a dearth of major studies conducted amongst prisoners in Nepal. The basic objective of this study is to study prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity in prisoners attending general OPD of Central jail Hospital, Kathmandu. Material and Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in prisoners attending OPD of central jail for a period of six months. Initial screening was done with self- reporting questionnaire (SRQ) and those having distress on SRQ were interviewed and diagnosis was made based on ICD-10 DCR and data analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 121 prisoners out of 300 prisoners attending OPD of central jail hospital during a period of six months had been diagnosed to suffer from psychiatric morbidity. Majority of cases were within age group 26-30 years (20.7%) with male preponderance (76.9%), married (69.4%), educated up to higher secondary level (38%), doing occupation as labor work (24%), Hindus (62.8%) with janajatis (32.2%), having low socioeconomic status (51.2%), belonging to joint family (50.4%) and were from rural areas (45.4%). Murder was the most common offence committed (33.9%) followed by drug trafficking (28.1%). Most common primary diagnosis belong to Neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorder (57%) followed by mood disorder (32.2%). Most common psychiatric morbidity among prisoners was generalized anxiety disorder (36.4%) followed by Moderate depressive episode (23.1%) and somatoform disorder (9.1%). The overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in prisoners attending OPD of central jail hospital was found to be 40.33%. Conclusion: A substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity exists in prison population of Nepal. Prompt recognition and treatment of mental illness in prison lead to decrease in functional disability and better quality of life.

scholarly journals Minor psychiatric disorders and their associations in family caregivers of people with mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3567-3578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Treichel ◽  
Vanda Maria da Rosa Jardim ◽  
Luciane Prado Kantorski ◽  
Aline dos Santos Neutzling ◽  
Michele Mandagará de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract This study aims to analyze the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorder and their associations in relatives of people with mental disorders. This is a cross-sectional study of 1164 relatives. For the tracking of minor psychiatric disorders the Self-Reporting Questionnaire Scale (SRQ20) was used, adopting 6/8 as cut-off point. Bivariate analyzes were conducted using Chi-squared test. Trends among strata of independent variables were investigated in relation to the outcome using nonparametric linear trend test. Statistic significance was defined as p-value < 0.05. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regressions were conducted using as a basis the hierarchical model developed through a systematic literature review. It was observed in the population a prevalence of 46.9% for minor psychiatric disorders. Higher prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders were strongly associated with the female gender, older age, first degree family ties, not having a paid work, lower education level, lower income, health problems, lower quality of life and feeling of burden. Many factors are related to the emotional and mental illness of family caregivers, demanding health services to be prepared to recognize and intervene in these situations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders in hospital housekeeping workers*

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia da Silva Marconato ◽  
Ana Carolina de Souza Magnago ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Rafaela Andolhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract OBJECTIVE Investigating the prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in Hospital housekeeping workers. METHOD A cross-sectional study carried out in 2013 with workers from the cleaning service of a public university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through a form containing sociodemographic, occupational, habits and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used in order to evaluate MPDs. RESULTS The study population consisted of 161 workers. The overall prevalence of suspected MPD was 29.3%. The chances of suspected MPDs were higher in workers with Effort-Reward Imbalance, those who did not have time or who occasionally had time for leisure activities, and those taking medications. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MPDs was similar to that found in the literature for health workers. Therefore, we consider it important to include these workers in institutional programs for continuing health education.

scholarly journals Prevalence of falls in elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Vinholes Siqueira ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Denise Silva da Silveira ◽  
Roberto Xavier Piccini ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Falls In Elderly

We conducted a cross-sectional study of a sample of 6,616 elderly living in urban areas of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states, who responded to questions on the occurrence of falls in the 12 months prior to the interview, and occurrence of fractures due to the falls. The prevalence of falls among the elderly was 27.6% (95%CI: 26.5-28.7). Among those reporting falls, 11% had suffered fractures as a result. Of the elderly, 36% had received guidance about the precautions necessary to prevent falls, and about 1% had required surgery. Falls were associated with female gender, older age, low socioeconomic status, obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The prevalence of falls differed significantly between the North and other regions of Brazil. The study shows a high prevalence of falls, and underlines the need for preventive strategies targeting modifiable risk factors.

Aftermath of anti-police protests in Nigeria: Burden and predictors of psychiatric morbidity among protesters and non-protesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110493
Author(s):  
Olatunde Olayinka Ayinde ◽  
Oluwasemiloore Peace Atere ◽  
Ugonna Ibeawuchi ◽  
Toyin Bello ◽  
Abiola Ogunkoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ratio Range

Objectives: Anti-police (#EndSARS) protests took place in October 2020 across several Nigerian cities, resulting in deaths, injuries and loss of property, but the psychological sequelae of these protests have not been studied. Method: In a cross-sectional online survey, we collected data on psychiatric morbidity and potential risk factors from 426 Nigerian social media users, who self-identified as participants or non-participants in a recent anti-police protest. Results: We found elevated rates of psychiatric morbidity, with worse outcomes for protesters compared to non-protesters (psychological distress [44.2% vs 29.8%], depression [26.0% vs 14.9%], anxiety [51.0% vs 29.8%], post-traumatic stress disorder [7.4% vs 1.8%], current substance use [11.2% vs 4.5%] and suicidal ideation [7.1% vs 4.4%], respectively). After adjusting for the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and previous mental health diagnosis, the predictors of poor mental health among non-protesters were being unmarried (odds ratio = 7.4, p = 0.01) and low resilience (odds ratio range = 4.1–5.4, p < 0.03) while for the protesters, the predictors were low resilience (odds ratio range = 2.9–4.7, p < 0.01), being from Northern Nigeria (odds ratio = 4.7, p < 0.01) or residing in Northern Nigeria (odds ratio = 2.8, p = 0.03), being under-/unemployed (odds ratio range = 2.1–2.5, p < 0.04), holding the view that the protest was caused by the state of the economy (odds ratio = 2.0, p = 0.01), belief that the protest had a direct negative impact on the protester (odds ratio = 2.3, p = 0.04) and willingness to participate in future protests (odds ratio = 4.13, p = 0.02). Conclusion: We conclude that participating in the #EndSARS protest was associated with significant psychiatric morbidity. There is need to recognise and address the mental health sequelae of collective actions, and invest in programmes that build resilience and address socio-political determinants of mental health, especially with a focus on youth.

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Mental Health among Geriatric Population Living in Care Homes and Those Living with Family in Hadoti Region, Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2472-2477
Author(s):  
Swapnil Agrawal ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND With recent advancement in health facility, both in urban and rural population, ratio of elderly people has increased and due to this apart from physical illness, mental health is also emerged as an important public health challenge. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and substance use disorders were commonly found in elderly specially living alone and in care homes. The primary purpose of this study was to compare mental health of elderly people living in care homes with those living with family in Kota (Hadoti region, Rajasthan). METHODS This is a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out in 50 elderly people living in care homes and 50 elderly people living with family. Both groups were screened for psychiatric disorders using general health questionnaire (GHQ – 12). Comparison was made under various headings between these groups including severity. Obtained data were analysed by using proportion, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in having psychiatric disorders on screening with GHQ - 12. Difference in these groups for prevalence and severity was not statistically significant for depression and anxiety although significant higher mean of total geriatric depression score (GDS) score in control (10.74 ± 2.56) than in cases (9.38 ± 2.36) and total Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM – A) score was seen in case group (24.53 ± 3.50) than in controls (23.15 ± 2.34). CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found out that psychiatry morbidity was higher among elderly population living in old age home when compared to elders living with family in community. Possible reason for higher psychiatric morbidity in old age home group in our study appears to be because of lack of family support, pain of being separated from their children whom they cared and nurtured for their whole life. In psychiatric morbidity we found that depression was the most common disorder in elderly population in both groups. KEYWORDS Old Age Home, Mental Disorders, Depression, Anxiety

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