scholarly journals Changes in body mass index in different periods of infants born to diabetic and non-diabetic mothers

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
AKM Yunus Halim ◽  
Syed Nazmul Huda ◽  
Luthfor Ahmed ◽  
Shireen Begum ◽  
Laila Arjumand Banu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: The growth of infants born to diabetic mothers is at greater risks because of their pregnancy related complications.Objectives: This study concerns comparison of BMI changes in different periods of infants born to pre-diabetic mothers (DM) and gestational diabetic mothers (GDM) with control infants born to apparently healthy non-diabetic mothers (NDM).Materials & Methods: This study comprising 251 newbornmother pairs (n: DM=86; GDM=86 and NDM=79) recruited from the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka.Results: BMI at birth was significantly higher for DM (BMI: 13.3±0.2 vs.12.6±0.2; p=0.003) and GDM (BMI: 13.7±0.2 vs.12.6±0.2; p<0.001) groups compared to the NDM group. On paired t tests, BMI increased significantly during 0-3 month period and 3-6 months periods in all groups (DM, GDM and NDM). At 0 month, compared to babies in the NDM group, mean BMI z-scores were significantly higher for the DM (-0.095±1.2 vs. -0.73±1.4; p=0.003) and GDM (0.16±1.4 vs.-0.73±1.4; p<0.001) groups. On paired-samples t tests, BMI Z-scores decreased from birth to 3 month of age in DM and GDM groups, but this decrease was significant for the GDM group only. In subsequent periods, BMI z-scores increased in all groups but the increment was more evident in GDM and NDM groups.Conclusion: At 0 month (birth), compared to babies in the NDM group, mean BMIs were significantly higher for the DM and GDM groups which became normalised by 3rd month when they got rid of maternal metabolic influences. The changes in BMI Z-score during 9-12 months period were significantly positive for NDM group compared to others.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-2, Jan 2018, Page 13-17

The effects of a low-dose physical activity intervention on physical activity and body mass index in severely obese adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Currie ◽  
David Collier ◽  
Thomas D. Raedeke ◽  
Lesley D. Lutes ◽  
C. David Kemble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Z Scores

Abstract Background While severe obesity in childhood poses the greatest long-term health risks, access to treatment is a common barrier. The present pilot study examined the effect of a 7-week low-dose physical activity (PA) intervention on PA and body mass index (BMI) in severe obese adolescents delivered via telephone and mail. Methods Adolescents (n = 64) receiving care from a pediatric obesity medical clinic were randomized to a control (n = 30) or intervention (n = 34) group. Height and weight were measured and BMI z-scores were calculated. PA was assessed by a pedometer. All measurements were completed pre- and post-intervention. The intervention group received weekly newsletters and telephone calls discussing various PA topics based on motivational interviewing for 7 weeks. The control group received no contact. A series of 2 × 2 (group by time) repeated measures analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) adjusting for length of time between visits were performed to examine the effect of the intervention on PA and BMI z-scores. Results The majority of adolescents were severely obese (77%, BMI: > 99th percentile). Intention-to-treat analysis revealed intervention effects were not observed for either pedometer steps or BMI z-score (p > 0.05). Among those with complete data, adolescents who successfully changed their BMI z-score had larger BMI z-score changes than those who did not change their BMI z-score (p = 0.0001). This improvement was due to something other than PA as the change in BMI z-score was similar among those who did and did not successfully increase PA levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions More intensive, comprehensive, and longer-term treatment is needed in this high risk population.

scholarly journals Effect of individual- versus collective-based nutritional-lifestyle intervention on the atherogenic index of plasma in children with obesity: a randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Verduci ◽  
Giuseppe Banderali ◽  
Elisabetta Di Profio ◽  
Sara Vizzuso ◽  
Gianvincenzo Zuccotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Atherogenic Index Of Plasma ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background The Atherogenic Index of Plasma is a predictive biomarker of atherosclerosis in adults but there is a lack of studies in paediatric population aimed at evaluating the longitudinal changes of the AIP and of the cardiometabolic blood profile related to nutritional interventions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of individual- versus collective-based nutritional-lifestyle intervention on the Atherogenic Index of Plasma in schoolchildren with obesity. Methods One-hundred sixty-four children aged 6–12 years with Body Mass Index z-score > 2 referred to the Paediatric Obesity Clinic, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy, were consecutively enrolled and randomized to undergo to either an individual- (n = 82) or a collective- (n = 82) based intervention promoting a balanced normo-caloric diet and physical activity. In addition, the individual intervention included a tailored personalized nutritional advice and education based on the revised Coventry, Aberdeen, and London-Refined taxonomy. Both at baseline and after 12 months of intervention, dietary habits and anthropometric measures were assessed, a fasting blood sample were taken for biochemistry analysis. Results The participation rate at 12 months was 93.3% (n = 153 patients), 76 children in the individual-intervention and 77 children in the collective intervention. At univariate analysis, mean longitudinal change in Atherogenic Index of Plasma was greater in the individual than collective intervention (− 0.12 vs. − 0.05), as well as change in triglyceride-glucose index (− 0.22 vs. − 0.08) and Body Mass Index z-score (− 0.59 vs. − 0.37). At multiple analysis, only change in Body Mass Index z-score remained independently associated with intervention (odds ratio 3.37). Conclusion In children with obesity, an individual-based nutritional and lifestyle intervention, including techniques from the CALO-RE taxonomy, could have an additional beneficial effect over a collective-based intervention, although the actual size of the effect remains to be clarified. Trial Registration Clinical Trials NCT03728621

scholarly journals Life course body mass index and risk of knee osteoarthritis at the age of 53 years: evidence from the 1946 British birth cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K Wills ◽  
Stephanie Black ◽  
Rachel Cooper ◽  
Russell J Coppack ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
High Bmi

IntroductionThe authors examined how body mass index (BMI) across life is linked to the risk of midlife knee osteoarthritis (OA), testing whether prolonged exposure to high BMI or high BMI at a particular period has the greatest influence on the risk of knee OA.MethodsA population-based British birth cohort of 3035 men and women underwent clinical examination for knee OA at age 53 years.Heights and weights were measured 10 times from 2 to 53 years. Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for occupation and activity levels.ResultsThe prevalence of knee OA was higher in women than in men (12.9% (n=194) vs 7.4% (n=108)). In men, the association between BMI and later knee OA was evident at 20 years (p=0.038) and remained until 53 years (OR per z-score 1.38 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.71)). In women, there was evidence for an association at 15 years (p=0.003); at 53 years, the OR was 1.89 (95% CI 1.59 to 2.24) per z-score increase in BMI. Changes in BMI from childhood in women and from adolescence in men were also positively associated with knee OA. A structured modelling approach to disentange the way in which BMI is linked to knee OA suggested that prolonged exposure to high BMI throughout adulthood carried the highest risk and that there was no additional risk conferred from adolescence once adult BMI had been accounted for.ConclusionThis study suggests that the risk of knee OA accumulates from exposure to a high BMI through adulthood.

scholarly journals Differential effects of body mass index on domain-specific cognitive outcomes after stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwoo Lee ◽  
Mi Sun Oh ◽  
San Jung ◽  
Ju-Hun Lee ◽  
Chul-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractAlthough the obesity paradox is an important modifiable factor in cardiovascular diseases, little research has been conducted to determine how it affects post-stroke cognitive function. We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and domain-specific cognitive outcomes, focusing on the subdivision of each frontal domain function in post-ischemic stroke survivors. A total of 335 ischemic stroke patients were included in the study after completion of the Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) and the vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards neuropsychological protocol at 3 months after stroke. Frontal lobe functions were analyzed using semantic/phonemic fluency, processing speed, and mental set shifting. Our study participants were categorized into four groups according to BMI quartiles. The z-scores of K-MMSE at 3 months differed significantly between the groups after adjustment for initial stroke severity (p = 0.014). Global cognitive function in stroke survivors in the Q1 (the lowest quartile) BMI group was significantly lower than those in Q2 and Q4 (the highest quartile) BMI groups (K-MMSE z-scores, Q1: − 2.10 ± 3.40 vs. Q2: 0.71 ± 1.95 and Q4: − 1.21 ± 1.65). Controlled oral word association test findings indicated that phonemic and semantic word fluency was lower in Q4 BMI group participants than in Q2 BMI group participants (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023 respectively). BMI might differentially affect cognitive domains after ischemic stroke. Although being underweight may negatively affect global cognition post-stroke, obesity could induce frontal lobe dysfunctions, specifically phonemic and semantic word fluency.

54 Body Mass Index vs Weight-for-Length in Infancy and Cardiometabolic Outcomes at Age 8-10 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. e39-e39
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Roberge ◽  
Soren Harnois-Leblanc ◽  
Vanessa McNealis ◽  
Andraea van Hulst ◽  
Tracie A Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Eta Squared ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Primary Subject area Public Health and Preventive Medicine Background The WHO provides body mass index (BMI) curves for infants 0 to &lt; 2 years old, but how these compare to the recommended method (weight-for-length [WFL]) in predicting later adiposity and cardiometabolic measures is uncertain. Objectives Our project aimed to: 1) confirm that WFL and BMI in infancy are associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic measures at 8-10 years old; and 2) compare the predictive ability of the two methods. We hypothesized that both methods would perform similarly. Design/Methods WFL and BMI Z-scores (zWFL and zBMI) at 6, 12, and 18 months of age were computed using data extracted from health booklets, used among participants in a prospective cohort study investigating the natural history of obesity and cardiovascular risk in youth (n = 464). Outcome measures at 8-10 years included adiposity, lipid profile, blood pressure, and insulin dynamics. The relationships between zWFL, zBMI, and each outcome were estimated using multivariable linear regression models. Outcome prediction at 8-10 years was compared between the two methods, using eta-squared and Lin’s concordance correlation. Results zWFL and zBMI were associated with all measures of adiposity at 8-10 years. Associations with other cardiometabolic measures were less consistent. For both zWFL and zBMI across infancy, eta-squared were highly similar and the Lin’s coefficients were markedly high (&gt; 0.991) for all outcomes. Conclusion zBMI measured in infants appeared to be equivalent to zWFL for predicting adiposity and cardiometabolic measures in childhood. This lends support to the sole use of zBMI for growth monitoring and screening of overweight and obesity from birth to 18 years.

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