scholarly journals Preparation, physicochemical and microbiological evaluations of italian type salami fermented with kefir

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e208101623581
Author(s):  
João Victor Manzoni de Oliveira ◽  
Stephanie Harue Massaki ◽  
Willian Caixeta Gutierres ◽  
Franciele Itati Kreutz ◽  
João Pedro Grespan Estodutto da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Industrial Fermentation ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bacteria Culture

Industrialized meat product, known as salami, is composed of some types of meat, such as pork, beef or pork and beef together, added ingredients and bacon. This research aimed to elaborate Italian salami using the fermentation process with standard starter bacteria, such as control, water and milk kefir, and evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the final product. The use of kefir grains aimed to analyze the possibility for their use in the production of salami as starter cultures from their symbiotic association of yeasts, acid-lactic bacteria, acetic bacteria and also their probiotic and antimicrobial action. The microbiological and physicochemical composition indicates that kefir is a product with probiotic characteristics, because it has in its composition living microorganisms capable of improving the intestinal microbial balance producing beneficial effects on the health of the individual who consumes it. At the end of the analyses, it was observed that the salami based on standard starter bacteria culture presented greater diversity of fungi, and the fungus Exophiala spp was present in the 3 types of salamis. The samples showed absence of pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella ssp, Shigella ssp and E.coli. There was little variation in the physical-chemical characteristics of the salamis evaluated.  It was concluded that kefir can replace industrial fermentation culture without affecting the microbiological and physicochemical pattern of salami.

scholarly journals Determination of Antimicrobial Effects of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria and Garlic Extract Against Some Foodborn Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Kalkan ◽  
Elçin Taş ◽  
Zerrin Erginkaya ◽  
Emel Ünal Turhan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Resistant Bacteria

In this study, it was investigated that the inhibition effect of some lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus NCC68, Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Ezal, commercial starter cultures)) which possessed with probiotic characteristics, against Bacillus cereus, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli 0157:H7 ATCC 35150 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Besides, the inhibitory effect of probiotic cultures which used with meat and meat product additives that garlic extract over the antagonistic effects of sensitive pathogens were investigated in vitro. Consequently, the whole of lactic acid bacteria and garlic extract which were used in this study, showed inhibition effects against all selected pathogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was determined as the most sensitive pathogenic bacteria while Bacillus cereus was the most resistant bacteria against lactic acid bacteria and garlic extract. There was a distinctive increase in inhibition effects were observed by used of a combination with lactic acid bacteria and garlic extract.

Immunomodulatory Effect of “Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy” to Cure or Prevent Hospital Acquired (Nosocomial) Infections due to Clostridium difficile (C. diff), other Pathogenic Bacteria, and Autoimmune Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3937-3949
Author(s):  
Malireddy S Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hospital Acquired

The worldwide popularity of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to treat or prevent the hospital acquired infections (nosocomial infections) arose a great interest in the medical community around the world (Reddy and Reddy, 2016; 2017). The following questions were raised on this subject: Does Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics directly inhibit the pathogenic bacteria (C. diff) in the gastrointestinal tract or indirectly through modulation of the host immune system or both? To be more specific, what is the exact and/or hypothetical mechanism at molecular level behind the breakthrough discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy?  To answer these questions, the specific immunomodulation regulatory functions of the individual Probiotic strains (on host) have beenresearched, investigated andoutlined in this article.  A detailed explanation(s) and hypotheses have been proposed outlining the possible cumulativedirect bacteriological and indirect immunomodulatory effects (at the molecular level) of the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics used in Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to successfully treat C. diff infection.  A detailed scientific and research attempts were made to correlate the Probiotic induced immune activities in relation to the reduction of the symptoms associated with the hospital acquired Clostridium difficile infection during and after the Multiple Mixed Strain Probioitc Therapy.  Results of the clinical trials, microbiological tests on feces, and the clinical blood tests significantly revealed that the reasons for the success of Dr. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy are multifold. Presumably, it is predominantly due to the immunomodulatory effect they have exerted on the host immune system along with the direct inhibition of C. diff bacteria by multiple Probiotics, due to the production of bacteriocins, lactic acid and nutritional competency.In addition, the size of the individual cells of the Probiotic strains in the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics and their significant effect on immunomodulation has been thoroughly discussed. Results clearly proved that if Probiotics are absent in the GI tract during C. diff infection, the chances of patient survival is zero.  This is because of the excess immune stimulation and incurable damage to the epithelial cell barrier of the gastrointestinal tract caused by C. diff bacteria.  The results also revealed, without any doubt, as of to-datethe latest discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy is the best way to cure the deadly hospital acquired infections affecting millions of people around the world, with high degree of mortality.  This has been attested by several practicng medical professionals and scientists around the world (Reddy and Reddy, 2017).

THE EFFECT OF WOMEN'S STATUS AND COMMUNITY ON THE GENDER DIFFERENTIAL IN CHILDREN'S NUTRITION IN INDIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA BOSE
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Supplemental Food ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gender Differential

SummaryThis study uses the third National Family Health Survey (2005–06) in India to investigate whether differences in women's status, both at the individual and community levels, can explain the persistent gender differential in nutritional allocation among children. The results show that girls are less likely than boys to receive supplemental food and more likely to be malnourished. In general it appears that higher women's status within a community, as well as higher maternal status, have beneficial effects on a daughter's nutritional status. Further, the moderating effects of community appear to be more consistent and stronger than the individual-level characteristics. A positive relationship between the percentage of literate women in a community and the gender differential in malnutrition appears to be an exception to the general findings regarding the beneficial nature of women's status on a daughter's well-being, showing the need for more than just basic adult literacy drives in communities to overcome the problem of daughter neglect.

scholarly journals The Protective Role of Butyrate against Obesity and Obesity-Related Diseases

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Serena Coppola ◽  
Carmen Avagliano ◽  
Antonio Calignano ◽  
Roberto Berni Canani
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Individual

Worldwide obesity is a public health concern that has reached pandemic levels. Obesity is the major predisposing factor to comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The common forms of obesity are multifactorial and derive from a complex interplay of environmental changes and the individual genetic predisposition. Increasing evidence suggest a pivotal role played by alterations of gut microbiota (GM) that could represent the causative link between environmental factors and onset of obesity. The beneficial effects of GM are mainly mediated by the secretion of various metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate and butyrate are small organic metabolites produced by fermentation of dietary fibers and resistant starch with vast beneficial effects in energy metabolism, intestinal homeostasis and immune responses regulation. An aberrant production of SCFAs has emerged in obesity and metabolic diseases. Among SCFAs, butyrate emerged because it might have a potential in alleviating obesity and related comorbidities. Here we reviewed the preclinical and clinical data that contribute to explain the role of butyrate in this context, highlighting its crucial contribute in the diet-GM-host health axis.

scholarly journals Vaccination of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Donors Increases Binding and Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Di Germanio ◽  
Graham Simmons ◽  
Chloe Thorbrogger ◽  
Rachel Martinelli ◽  
Mars Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Passive Immunotherapy ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Igg Binding ◽  
The Us ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

Background: COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) was widely used as passive immunotherapy during the first waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the US. However, based on observational studies and randomized controlled trials, beneficial effects of CCP were limited, and its use was virtually discontinued early in 2021, in concurrence with increased vaccination rates and availability of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics. However, as new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 spread, interest in CCP derived from vaccine-boosted CCP donors is resurging. The effect of vaccination of previously infected CCP donors on antibodies against rapidly spreading variants of concern (VOC) is still under investigation. Study Design/Methods: In this study, paired samples from 11 CCP donors collected before and after vaccination were tested to measure binding antibodies levels and neutralization activity against the ancestral and SARS-CoV-2 variants (Wuhan-Hu-1, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, D614G, B.1.617.2, B.1.427) on the Ortho Vitros Spike Total Ig and IgG assays, the MSD V-PLEX SARS-CoV-2 Panel 6 arrays for IgG binding and ACE2 inhibition, and variant-specific Spike Reporter Viral Particle Neutralization (RVPN) assays. Results/Findings: Binding and neutralizing antibodies were significantly boosted by vaccination, with several logs higher neutralization for all the variants tested post-vaccination compared to the pre-vaccination samples, with no difference found among the individual variants. Discussion: Vaccination of previously infected individuals boosts antibodies including neutralizing activity against all SARS-CoV-2 VOC, including the current spreading delta (B.1.617.2) variant. Animal model and human studies to assess clinical efficacy of vaccine boosted CCP are warranted, especially since 15-20% of current donations in the US are from previously infected vaccine-boosted donors.

scholarly journals The meaning that undergraduate Occupational Therapy students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal attach to the Occupation of dance

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanalutchmy Lingah ◽  
Juwairiyya Paruk
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Occupational Therapy Students ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Occupational Engagement is an inextricable component of life and is considered essential to human survival. Doing an occupation that is positively perceived (such as dance) can lead to the experience and expression of meaning which then enhances quality of life. This study aimed to explore the meaning that undergraduate Occupational Therapy students studying at the University of KwaZulu-Natal attach to dance as an occupation METHOD: The study followed an exploratory qualitative research design with purposive sampling. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect data which were analysed thematically RESULTS: Five themes emerged: Centre stage (an exploration of factors motivating engagement); On Pointe (beneficial effects of dance); My Solo Dance Experience (the individual's journey whilst engaging); It Takes 2 to Tango (exploring the role of relationships) & Dancing to the Beat (exploring time available for engagement). The hidden complexities of 'meanings' attached to the occupation of dance emerged which were experienced as subjective and multi-dimensional CONCLUSION: The study revealed that the meanings attached to dance were based on individual experiences with the occupation, others and the environment. Engagement in the occupation of dance (doing) enhances personal growth (becoming) and becomes a part of the individual (being Keywords: doing; being; becoming; belonging; occupational engagement; occupational balance; occupation; dance; meaning

scholarly journals Liver Abscess Caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Wu ◽  
Wenjia Fan ◽  
Zhewen Zhou ◽  
Shouhao Wang ◽  
Chengan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Pyogenic Liver Abscess ◽  
Microbial Detection ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
First Case ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Bacteria Culture

Introduction: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a serious infectious disease of the liver. PLA caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum is extremely rare. Here we report the first case of liver abscess caused by F. nucleatum in China. Case Presentation: The case was a 34-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital due to high fever. The diagnosis of liver abscess was confirmed by imaging studies and liver puncture. We finally confirmed the pathogen as F. nucleatum by next-generation sequencing (NGS). After the targeted anti-infective treatment, the patient recovered and discharged. Conclusions: As a new microbial detection method, NGS can still help in clinical practice. In addition, to improve the positive rate of anaerobic bacteria culture, we should pay attention to avoid contact with air in the process of specimen collection when the pathogenic bacteria are suspected to be anaerobic bacteria.

scholarly journals Review on Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, The Detection and The Sequencing Gene Methods Isolated from Meat Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhakti Etza Setiani ◽  
Yoyok Budi Pramono ◽  
Lutfi Purwitasari
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Bacterium Species ◽  
Genotypic Identification ◽  
Ph Range

A study was conducted to review on pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, the detection and the sequencing gene methods isolated from meat products, compare selected methods that detect the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in selected raw and processed meat products. Results indicate that Listeria monocytogenenes (originally named Bacterium monocytogenes) is a gram-positive, non-sporeforming, highly mobile, rod-type, and facultative anaerobic bacterium species. It can grow under temperatures between -1.5°C to 45°C and at pH range between 4.4 and 9.4, with the optimum pH of 7. Rapid methods (PCR based and VIDAS-LDUO®) detected Listeria monocytogenes faster than the conventional method. It was also gathered that Phenotypic identification and Genotypic identification are two types of confirmation test for Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria monocytogenenes can be found in raw meat and meat product because of environmental contamination, cross contamination or error process.

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