scholarly journals Features of life-meaning orientations among convicts sentenced for different types of crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Bulko

The article is devoted to the relationship between the type of crime for which the convicted person is serving a sentence, the level of education, the presence of socially useful connections, the age of the convicted person and the level of his life orientation, which includes such indicators as: the general indicator of the meaningfulness of life, goals in life, the process of life, the effectiveness of life, the locus of control – I, the locus of control – life. The attitude of convicts to such vital components as: health, family, future, self-realization in work was also studied. The study used the "Test of life-meaning orientations" by D. Crambo, A. Maholik in the adaptation of D. A. Leont'ev, and the color test of relations by A. M. Etkind. In order to study life-meaning orientations and preferences in different spheres of life, 93 convicts serving sentences for various crimes were examined. The results of the study of convicts’ personality characteristics can be used by correctional officers to identify problematic aspects in the development of convicts’ personality, develop programs aimed at solving these problems and develop the strengths of convicts’ personality.

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Dixon ◽  
Donald A. Strano ◽  
Welborn Willingham

The relationship of locus of control to deciding on an abortion was investigated. Rotter's Scale was given to 118 women immediately prior to abortion, 2 wk., and 3 mo. following the abortion. Subjects' locus of control scores were compared across the three times, and the abortion group's pretest scores were compared with those of a nonpregnant control group. As hypothesized, the aborting group scored significantly more internal than the general population but no differences in locus of control were found across the three times. The length of delay in deciding to abort an unwanted pregnancy following confirmation was also assessed. Women seeking first-trimester abortions were divided into internal and external groups on the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the lengths of delay were compared. The hypothesis that external scorers would delay the decision longer than internal ones was confirmed. The results confirm characteristics of the locus of control construct and add information about personality characteristics of women undergoing abortion.


1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Houlihan ◽  
Ian Fraser ◽  
Kimberley Fenwick ◽  
Thomas Fish ◽  
Christin Moeller

Teaching anxiety is prevalent among professors. However, there is little research examining the relationship between personality and teaching anxiety in this population. The current study examines how different types of in-class behaviour are related to teaching anxiety and personality. Higher neuroticism and lower extraversion are related to higher levels of teaching anxiety. Professors with high neuroticism employ in-class strategies such as student-to-student discussion and group work, which may help to diminish the levels of anxiety by diverting attention away from the instructor. Personality is an important factor to consider when examining the relationship between teaching anxiety and specific strategies used within the classroom. In particular, understanding the role of personality characteristics would allow the professor to adjust coping strategies that may be important to circumventing or minimizing anxiety-provoking situations that may arise.  


Author(s):  
В.П. Шейнов

Целью данного исследования было выявить возможные связи между эмоциональным интеллектом, интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью у женщин и мужчин в русскоязычной выборке. Показано, что у женщин с интернальностью положительно связаны такие переменные, как управление своими эмоциями , самоменеджмент , распознание эмоций других людей и интегративный показатель эмоционального интеллекта , а у мужчин только с самоменеджментом, при этом интегративный показатель эмоционального интеллекта имеет лишь тенденцию положительной связи с интернальностью. Установлено наличие положительной связи удовлетворенности жизнью мужчин и женщин с интегративным показателем эмоционального интеллекта и рядом его компонентов: эмоциональной осведомленностью , управлением собственными эмоциями , самоменеджментом и распознанием эмоций других людей . Полученные результаты в целом совпадают с общими выводами зарубежных исследователей о положительной связи эмоционального интеллекта с интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью, но при этом в данном исследовании: а) конкретизированы компоненты эмоционального интеллекта, за счет которых такие связи; б) установлены совпадения и различия в этих связях для мужчин и женщин. Интернальность женщин положительно и статистически значимо связана с удовлетворенностью жизнью. У мужчин связь между этими характеристиками личности отсутствует. Сопоставить эти результаты с выводами других исследователей невозможно ввиду того, что не удалось обнаружить работ о связи между интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью ни у русскоязычных, ни у зарубежных авторов. У женщин в среднем выше показатели эмпатии, распознания эмоций других людей и интегративного показателя эмоционального интеллекта. The purpose of this study was to identify possible links between emotional intelligence, internality, and life satisfaction in women and men in the Russian-speaking sample. It has been shown that in women, internality is positively associated with such variables as control of their emotions, self-management, recognition of the emotions of other people and the integrative indicator of emotional intelligence, and in men only with self-management, while the integrative indicator of emotional intelligence has only a positive tendency for internality. The presence of a positive relationship between satisfaction with the life of men and women with an integrative indicator of emotional intelligence and a number of its components: emotional awareness, control of one's own emotions, self-management and recognition of the emotions of other people was established. The results obtained generally coincide with the general conclusions of foreign researchers about a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and internality and life satisfaction, but at the same time in this study: a) the components of emotional intelligence, due to which such connections are made, are specified; b) the coincidences and differences in these connections for men and women were established. The internality of women is positively and statistically significantly associated with life satisfaction. In men, there is no connection between these personality characteristics. It is impossible to compare these results with the conclusions of other researchers due to the fact that it was not possible to find works on the relationship between internality and life satisfaction either in Russian-speaking or foreign authors. Women, on average, have higher scores for empathy, recognition of other people's emotions, and an integrative score for emotional intelligence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
V. O. FILATOV ◽  

The article deals with the question of life-meaning and value orientations, personality orientation and worldview of psychology students. Revealed significant indicators and analyzed the features of these integral personality characteristics. The results of the correlation analysis made it possible to identify and describe the relationship between life-meaning and value orientations with the characteristics of life and professional self-determination.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1912-1917
Author(s):  
Stanislava Harizanova ◽  
Rumyana Stoyanova ◽  
Nonka Mateva

AIM: This study examined the relationship between personality characteristics and burnout syndrome among Bulgarian correctional officers. METHODS: The cross-sectional study took place through individual, voluntary and anonymous interviewing of 307 employees from three district prisons. Maslach burnout inventory, Eysenck personality questionnaire and demographic characteristics were administered. RESULTS: The personality predictors of emotional exhaustion were low emotional stability and low level of dimension extraversion. The predictors of depersonalization were high levels of neuroticism and psychoticism and low level of extraversion. CONCLUSION: This research helps to identify employees who are at risk for developing burnout as a result of their personalities. In Bulgaria, there is still no official information about studies in this area.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Virmozelova Angelova ◽  
Konstantina Hristos Nasi

Traditionally teacher's profession is associated with high levels of burnout. However the scope of the study is to differentiate the role of personality in experiencing burnout. In this paper is presented the exploration of the relationship between teacher's burnout syndrome, some personality traits and locus of control. The sample comprised of 120 teachers distributed by gender as follow 76.6% (N=92) women and 23.3% (N=28) men. To investigate the relationship between the personality characteristics (extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, and loci of control) and the levels of burnout syndrome dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) a Spearmen correlation analysis was performed. To determine which one of all personality characteristics would have the most significant influence on the burnout syndrome dimensions data were verified with eta squared coefficient. As predicted by the research suggestions the study's results showed significant correlations between teacher's burnout syndrome and personality traits - intro/extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, and locus of control. It has been revealed that neuroticism and intro/extroversion have the greatest effect on all three burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievements). Localization of control as variable predicting burnout showed a moderate effect on two out of three factors (emotional exhaustion and reduced personal achievements). With the lowest effect influencing, only emotional exhaustion was found to be psychoticism. Keywords: burnout syndrome, teacher's occupational stress, personality traits, locus of control.


1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Pinto ◽  
N. Dan Worobetz

A 1991 study by Pinto and Priest demonstrated the effectiveness of advertisements employing moderate levels of guilt in inducing guilt responses in subjects. Because individuals' responses to guilt are often influenced by their specific personality characteristics, researchers have pointed to the potential moderating effects of individual difference variables such as level of self-esteem and locus of control on individuals' susceptibility to guilt appeals. A study was conducted to evaluate the possibility that self-esteem and locus of control can act as covariates across three treatment levels of guilt advertising. From a sample of 57 working mothers, advertisements stimulating medium and high levels of guilt elicited significantly greater feelings of guilt in subjects than the control advertisement stimulating low guilt. However, the relationship between susceptibility to guilt appeals and self-esteem and locus of control was not observed to covary.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-247
Author(s):  
Fletcher Glancy ◽  
David P. Biros ◽  
Nan Liang ◽  
Andy Luse

Purpose The authors argue that the current studies about malicious insiders confuse the fact that malicious attacks belong to two different categories, namely, those that launch instrumental attacks and expressive attacks. The authors collect malicious insider data from publicly available sources and use text-mining techniques to analyze the association between malicious insiders’ characteristics and the different types of attack. Design/methodology/approach The authors investigated the relationship between personality characteristics and different types of malicious attacks. For the personality characteristics, the authors use the same method as Liang et al. (2016), which extracted these characteristics based on a keyword-characteristic dictionary. For different types of malicious attacks, two raters rated each case based on criteria modified from criminology research to determine the degree of expressiveness and instrumentality. Findings The results show that malicious insiders who are manipulative or seeking personal gain tend to carry out instrumental attacks. Malicious insiders who are arrogant tend to conduct expressive attacks. Research limitations/implications This study uses third party articles to identify the personality characteristics of known malicious insiders. As such, not all personality characteristics may have been reported. Data availability was an issue. Practical implications Understanding if different personality characteristics lead different types of attacks can help managers identify employees who exhibit them and mitigate an attack before it occurs. Social implications Malicious insider attacks can have devastating results on businesses and employees. Help to identify potential malicious insiders before they act, may prevent undue harm. Originality/value This study used 132 cases of none malicious insiders to examine their attack objectives. No other study that the authors know of used that many cases.


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