scholarly journals Energy sources in gynecologic laparoscopic surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Kathopoulis ◽  
Athanasios Protopapas ◽  
Ioannis Xatzipapas ◽  
Panagiotis Antsaklis ◽  
Dimitrios Zacharakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Potential Complication ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Bipolar Devices ◽  
Thermal Injuries ◽  
Gynecologic Laparoscopy ◽  
Monopolar Electrosurgery ◽  
Bipolar Electrosurgery

A number of energy sources are used in gynecologic laparoscopy. Monopolar electrosurgery, bipolar electrosurgery, advanced bipolar devices, ultrasonic energy and various types of lasers are some of the technologies used nowadays to facilitate surgeons tasks during laparoscopic operations. A lack of basic knowledge or ignorance of principles of electrosurgery and equipment among obstetricians and gynecologists is reported. As a result thermal injuries during laparoscopic electrosurgery occur, which frequently lead to significant morbidity and mortality and medicolegal actions. It is important though that surgeons have an understanding of the biophysics of these technologies in order to understand their limitations and potential dangers and to utilize the most appropriate energy source in the appropriate clinical setting to minimize the risk of a potential complication. This review provides an overview of the basic principles of these energy sources, the tissue effects and the complications that may arise. It aims to highlight any potential advantages or disadvantages of various energy sources and help surgeons to achieve better knowledge of their instrumentation.

scholarly journals Renewable energy sources in future energy balance of the republic of Kazakhstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 03006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekzhan Mukatov ◽  
Ravil Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Republic

The article describes the main factors determining the development of renewable energy sources in the world. The assessment of the applicability of foreign RES development strategies to Kazakhstan’s energy system has been made. The main tasks facing Kazakhstan’s energy system with large-scale implementation of renewable energy were formulated. On the basis of the analysis and performed calculations recommendations and basic principles have been made on development strategy of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Basic principles in the management of thermal injuries

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Karpelowsky ◽  
H Rode
Keyword(s):  
Basic Principles ◽  
Thermal Injuries

scholarly journals BIOFUELS FROM ALGAE AS A DIRECTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE «GREEN» ECONOMY: THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Hanna SHEVCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Algae Biofuel ◽  
The Impact

The article describes environmental aspects of the impact of traditional energy sources on the environment. It is substantiated that energy needs and environmental problems lead to the search for alternative renewable fuels. A comparative analysis of the structure of general supply between traditional and alternative energy sources is done. The current state of production and use of traditional fuels and prospects for the production of biofuels in Ukraine are analyzed. The projected structure of the use of traditional and alternative fuels according to the Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035 «Safety, energy efficiency, competitiveness» is presented. The classification of biofuels is provided depending on raw materials: first, second and third generation. Unlike biofuels from crops such as sugar cane and corn (first-generation biofuels), as well as animal and vegetable wastes (second-generation), algae-derived fuels (third-generation biofuels) have many benefits. In particular, this is a greater potential for biofuel production compared to previous systems: a variety of possible fuels (biodiesel, bioethanol, biobutanol, biogas and even jet fuel); flexible production technologies. Algae cultivation technologies have been studied: especially cultivation in open reservoirs or in more advanced closed ponds and bioreactors. It is substantiated that algae are most often used for biodiesel production; a comparison of different technologies for its production is made. The foreign experience of algae biofuel production and its usage by various automobile companies and enterprises, as well as the prospects of algae biofuel production in Ukraine are presented. Despite the prospects for the production of the third-generation biofuels, there we think, that the issue of investigation has been not been studied properly by scientists and Ukrainian producers don’t have basic knowledge.

Using Spreadsheets for Management Tasks

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Cathy Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Complex Information

In this chapter we will see how using spreadsheets can help you with many of the control tasks that we have discussed in the different chapters. We’ll also see how you can use graphs and charts (hand-drawn and by spreadsheet) to help in decision-making and presenting results. We will look at some of the simple techniques that can make spreadsheets easier to use on a frequent basis and at some of the shortcuts you can take. Incorporating some basic design features can help with ongoing usage, and with enabling others to use spreadsheets that you have designed. The use of charts and how they can help with presenting complex information in a simpler way will also be considered. It’s assumed that you have a basic knowledge of spreadsheets. If some of this is boring because you’re at a higher level of competence, then please move on. There’s a refresher exercise to revise skills and perhaps practise some new ones, and some suggestions about using spreadsheets for personal tasks. By the end of this chapter, therefore, you should be able to: - Comprehend the basic principles of spreadsheet design - Practise a range of techniques to improve speed and efficiency - Comprehend the variety of areas where spreadsheets can be used - Draw a chart to scale by hand - Create a chart using a spreadsheet.

Abstract 4648: Mechanism of Tissue Cooling With Cryoenergy Delivery to Pulmonary Veins: Tissue Temperature Distribution and Chonic Esophageal Effects

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dalegrave ◽  
Benhur D Henz ◽  
Yasuo Okumura ◽  
Mark Kolasa ◽  
Dylan V Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Esophageal Injury ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Esophageal Wall ◽  
Potential Complication ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
New Energy

Background: Although pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has been used to treat AF, complications create important limitations. New energy sources, including cryothermal, have been developed to minimize these complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PV cryoablation on esophageal (ESO) temperatures acutely and correlate them with chronic effects on the esophageal wall. Methods: A 23 mm cryoballoon was placed in the LA of 10 dogs through a 12 Fr deflectable sheath. PV and ESO temperatures (TEMP) were recorded using 7–9 thermocouples (TC) outside the PVs and on the external and internal ESO surfaces during 2 cryoablations of 4 min duration. Results : Cryoablation of 15 PV (10 RIPV and 5 LIPV) during 1.7±0.6 ablations yielded a total of 168 TC time-TEMP profiles (6.4±2.4/PV). Minimum tissue TEMP was inversely dependent on the distance of the TC from the balloon surface (Table 1 ). All PVs were isolated acutely and 14/15 (93%) chronically. Minimum TEMP achieved at the PV surface and external ESO were similar (−32±8 and −37±9 at targets within 2.5 mm from the balloon respectively [P=NS]). A TEMP decrease at the internal ESO was seen during 15 of 25 (60%) ablations, but was significantly less pronounced than the external TEMP (17.9°C±13.3 and 6.1°C±24.8 [p<0.05]) resulting in a minimum recorded internal TEMP of −6.2°C. The ESO histological examination in 5 dogs showed very limited external lesions in these dogs (depth= 2.2±1.1, width3 18.6±7.4 and length= 12±5.7 mm), but no transmural or internal ulceration, fibrosis or scarring seen. Conclusion: Although PV cryoablation decreases external ESO temperature and produces minor lesions, significant chronic disruptive tissue damage was not seen. Esophageal injury is an unlikely, but potential complication of cryoablation, with internal temperature proving unhelpful in predict negative outcome.

Radiation in orthopaedics (RIO) study: a national survey of UK orthopaedic surgeons

2021 ◽  
pp. 20210736
Author(s):  
Mohsen Raza ◽  
Ryan Geleit ◽  
James Houston ◽  
Rachel Williams ◽  
Alex Trompeter
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgeons

Objectives: Orthopaedic surgeons have a responsibility to minimise risks of ionising radiation to patients, themselves and staff. This study aims to establish the understanding of radiation practice, legislation and risk by orthopaedic surgeons. Methods: A nationwide online survey of UK-based orthopaedic surgeons was conducted. Participants answered eighteen multiple-choice questions assessing level of radiation safety training, basic principles/knowledge of ionising radiation, relevant legislation and operating practice. Results: A total of 406 surgeons completed the survey. 92% reported using intra operative ionising radiation at least once per week. 38% received no formal training on radiation safety. Knowledge of basic principles of radiation and legislation was limited. There was variable knowledge when labelling an image intensifier machine and choosing its safest orientation. Poor uptake of radiation protection equipment was noted. Only 19% agreed they had adequate training in ionising radiation safety and 27% reported receiving adequate training in equipment emitting ionising radiation in the operating theatre. Conclusion: Many orthopaedic surgeons in the UK do not believe they are adequately trained in radiation safety. There is a deficiency amongst practicing surgeons in basic knowledge, relevant legislation and practicalities of the use of ionising radiation in the operating room. This could potentially put patients and healthcare professionals at additional risk. We recommend that a standardised national training programme on the basic principles and safety of ionising radiation is implemented for all practicing orthopaedic surgeons. Advances in knowledge: This paper is the first UK national survey amongst orthopaedic surgeons and is one of the largest reported internationally.

scholarly journals The Organization of Biosphere Compatibility Construction : Justification of the Predictors of Building Development and the Implementation Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Tatyana Ishchenko ◽  
Yuri Chupryna ◽  
Vadym Pokolenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Main Components

Taking into account the global trends allows us to assert that during the next decades, and especially during the first half of the XXI century, there will be a significant increase in the volumes of materials and energy sources involved in the production process.The main components of sustainable development of society are defined: economic, ecological and social. It is proved that the economic system is an integral part of the complex sustainable development of the territory, to achieve which all its fields should be balanced.It has been established that in order to achieve and maintain a high quality of life of the population and the quality of the environment, it is necessary to adhere to certain basic principles in the economic and technological spheres. 

Marangoni effect in nonequilibrium multiphase system of material processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-min Wang ◽  
Guo-hua Liu ◽  
Yun-long Fang ◽  
Wen-ke Li
Keyword(s):  
Material Processing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Marangoni Effect ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Multiphase System ◽  
Thermal Gradients ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIn a nonequilibrium multiphase system, the Marangoni effect has important influence on interphase heat and mass transfer induced by interfacial tension gradient associated with either solutal or thermal gradients in numerous applications. Although the basic knowledge of the Marangoni effect has made great progress, its mechanism is not yet fully recognized. An in-depth understanding of the basic principles of heat and mass transport induced by the Marangoni effect is important for better operation of interphase transfer units. This report aims to provide a systematic study of the mechanisms of the Marangoni effect. Special foci are concentrated on the field of material processing, which encompasses the process wherein the raw materials are transformed into useful engineering products. A series of experimental, theoretical, or simulated results are extracted from the literature to elucidate the mechanism of the Marangoni effect and to rationalize the interphase transport phenomena. We examine the major physical explanations and attempt to distinguish the working principle behind the process. Perspectives are also proposed to trigger further innovative thinking about the topics. This work provides new insight into material processing by taking advantage of the Marangoni effect and has far-reaching implications in the design of future nonequilibrium multiphase system.

scholarly journals Kilka uwag o Internetowej Platformie Aukcyjnej umożliwiającej uzyskanie wsparcia w zakresie odnawialnych źródeł energii w kontekście podpisów elektronicznych

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Marcin Trupkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Electronic Signature ◽  
Electronic Submission ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

The paper describes certain basic principles of the new system of supporting renewable energy sources (RES) introduced in Poland. The amended Polish Act on Renewable Energy Sources (Polish RES Act) has introduced an auction system which is a new legal instrument enabling the selection of RES generators with adequate fi nancial support. Each Renewable Energy Sources project (RES plant project) to generate and sell electricity must go offi cially through an auction. The Internet Auction Platform is an IT tool used in the process. It en ables to conduct the pre-qualifi cation procedure as well as to prepare the auction off er. This new solution has entailed certain legal issues that must be addressed such as the access to the IT system, electronic submission of tenders or the use of an electronic signature to confi rm the statements made in the electronic procedure. All these issues have been discussed in this paper. The paper also contains an analysis of the diff erences between two possible forms of electronic signature that may be used in the process, and identifi es the main advantages and disadvantages of either. It is then concluded that although the online RES auction could be more competitive, in the version as it is it allows to carry out an eff ective auction.

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