scholarly journals Effects of Neotyphodium endophyte infection on seed viability and germination vigour in Lolium multiflorum under accelerated ageing conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
P.E. Gundel ◽  
J.B. Landesmann ◽  
M.A. Martínez-Ghersa ◽  
C.M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Neotyphodium Endophyte

Neotyphodium endophytes are obligate vertically-transmitted endo-symbionts of Lolium multiflorum grass. Thus, the success of endophyte is tied with the success of the seed. Here we present results from experiments aiming to test the effect of endophyte infection on seed viability and germination vigour. Endophyteinfected and non-infected seeds of three L. multiflorum accessions were compared under accelerated ageing conditions (40ºC and ≈15% moisture content). Endophyte negatively affected seed viability and seed germination vigour in only one of the evaluated accessions. The effect of endophyte presence on seed quality in pasture grasses could depend on the population genetic background, and be related to direct or indirect effects of fungal infection on seed morphological or physiological characteristics. Keywords: Lolium multiflorum, Neotyphodium endophyte, seed quality, accelerated ageing

scholarly journals Viability of Neotyphodium endophytic fungus and endophyte-infected and noninfected Lolium multiflorum seeds

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro E. Gundel ◽  
M. Alejandra Martínez-Ghersa ◽  
Lucas A. Garibaldi ◽  
Claudio M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neotyphodium Endophyte ◽  
Endophyte Fungi ◽  
Seed Water Content

Neotyphodium endophyte fungi are vertically transmitted symbionts of cool-season grasses. The seed phase of the grass’ life cycle appears to be critical for the persistence of the fungus. Endophyte viability decreases faster than seed viability, but little is known of the effects of this endophyte on seed viability. The endophyte could affect seed viability through changes in water content. Here, we assessed the effects of the endophyte on seed viability, the differential survival of endophyte and seed, and the effects of infection on seed water content. Viability of endophyte-infected and noninfected seeds and endophyte were evaluated over a period of 729 d under 12 controlled environmental conditions. Seed viability was reduced by the infection at high temperature and high relative humidity, but not under other conditions. Moreover, endophyte viability decreased faster than seed viability only under high humidity or high temperature. Seed water content was not affected by endophyte presence. The proportion of viable infected seeds was mainly affected by the loss in endophyte viability and secondly by the differential survival of infected and noninfected seeds. Knowledge on the relative importance of these processes is critical to understand the factors affecting the efficiency of endophyte vertical transmission and the frequency of endophyte-infected plants.

scholarly journals Halogens, alcohols and potassium permanganate extend the storability of hot pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum l.) under accelerated ageing conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Deepu Mathew ◽  
S.D. Doijode ◽  
K. Madhavi Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Moisture

ABSTRACT The feasibility of extending the storability of fresh hot pepper seeds, by modifying the storage atmosphere, using the respiration inhibitors and seed desiccants was examined. Halogens such as chlorine, bromine and iodine and methanol, ethanol and potassium permanganate were used for a period of 22 months under accelerated ageing conditions of high seed moisture and temperature. The various seed quality parameters - viability, vigour, speed of germination, seedling dry weight, and moisture content were evaluated. In the untreated control, decreased seed viability was observed within 10 months of storage. However, iodine and chlorine were proved effective in retaining high seed viability up to 90.7 and 88.0%, respectively, even after 22 months of storage. Chlorine treatment was able to retain the seed vigour (904.0), iodine (766.4), KMnO4 (754.4) and methanol (566.7) whereas the value of vigour index in control was 72.0. Chlorine and iodine were on par in their ability to maintain the speed of seed germination (25.2 and 24.8, respectively), followed by KMnO4 (20.2). Seedling dry weight was proved as a parameter not sensitive in estimating the seed quality since even after 22 months storage of seeds at atmospheres of chlorine, iodine, KMnO4 and methanol did not show any differences. KMnO4 sharply reduced the seed moisture content from 9.83 to 7.89% providing better storability over the control.

Seed germination and storage reserves of maize and sorghum after exposure to and recovery from pre- and post-flowering dehydration

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Takele ◽  
J. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Storage Reserves

Investigations were made on the seed viability (standard germination test and vigour after accelerated ageing) and seed quality (starch, protein, lipid, sucrose, glucose and fructose) of seeds of maize (cv Melkassa-2) and sorghum (cv Macia) harvested from plants after exposure to and recovery from pre- and post-flowering dehydration. The objectives of the study were to achieve a better understanding of 1) the effects of water deficit during the pre- and post-flowering stages on the seed viability and food (storage reserves) quality, and 2) the effects of dehydration and rehydration cycles at critical growth stages on subsequent seed performance and production, which could lead to the development of cultivars more able to efficiently partition assimilates to the reproductive organs in the field. The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment growth chamber under constant environmental conditions (12/12 h day/night, 28–32/17°C day/night temperature, 60–80% RH and 1200–1400 μmol m −2 s −1 PPDF). The seed viability and vigour tests were done on air-dried seeds and the seed quality analysis on freeze-dried seeds of both species.The results of the standard germination test indicated that sorghum seeds harvested after both pre- and post-flowering dehydration were not affected by the treatment, while maize seeds had reduced % germination. Sorghum seeds harvested after post-flowering dehydration had significantly decreased vigour after accelerated ageing. Dehydration during both the pre- and post-flowering stages resulted in reduced contents of protein, lipid and soluble carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose and fructose) in both species as compared to the control seeds. The species differed in the extent to which these reserves were reduced.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the tetrazolium test method for estimating the viability of sorghum seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Cristina de Carvalho ◽  
Camila Ribeiro de Souza Grzybowski ◽  
Osvaldo de Castro Ohlson ◽  
Maristela Panobianco
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Paper Towels ◽  
Direct Immersion ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

The tetrazolium test is part of internal programs of seed quality control because it allows a quick, reliable and accurate assessment of seed viability. The purpose of this study was to determine, among the various methodologies suggested in the literature, a practical and efficient procedure for carrying out the tetrazolium test in sorghum seeds, with a view toward a rapid estimate of their viability. Four seed lots of the simple hybrid Buster were used, testing two forms of seed pre-conditioning (direct immersion in water and between moistened paper towels); two types of preparation (longitudinal cut of the seed through the embryo with immersion of one of the halves in the tetrazolium solution or placement of the two halves on filter paper moistened with tetrazolium solution); two forms of staining (on paper and with direct immersion in the solution) and three concentrations of tetrazolium solution (0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0%). The tetrazolium test may be efficiently conducted for sorghum seeds through pre-conditioning between paper towels for 18 hours at 20 ºC, with immersion staining of one half of the seed in tetrazolium solution at 0.1% for three hours at 40 ºC.

scholarly journals Germination rate and seedling vigour of tall fescue as affected by endophyte status and seed density

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
H.T. Owens ◽  
C.H. Finneseth ◽  
T.M. Tillery ◽  
T.D. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Density Fractions ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Air Column

Forage grass seed quality is influenced by plant genetics as well as seed density, storage conditions, age of seed, and endophyte infection status. We used eight seed lots of tall fescue (three cultivars, with natural endophytes, endophyte-free, or novel endophyte) to test the effect of seed density on germination and seedling vigour. Seed lots were separated into nine density fractions using a cylinder air column. Thousand seed weight values were determined. Three runs of four replications of plots consisting of 25 seeds of each entry were seeded in greenhouse experiments to determine seedling mass at 8 weeks after planting. Early germination counts as well as laboratory germination tests indicated significant differences among weight classes in speed of germination as well as seedling vigour. The lightest fraction of seed clearly contained inferior seed, but higher density seed lots tended to have better germination and seedling vigour than lower density ones. Keywords: seed density, seedling vigour, germination, tall fescue, endophyte

scholarly journals Neotyphodium impacts on soil nematode communities: rhizosphere- and litter-mediated interactions

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
M. Omacini ◽  
E.J. Chaneton ◽  
C.M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Patch Dynamics ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

There is a growing recognition that endophyte effects on host plant traits may be propagated through food chains. We studied Neotyphodium occultans effects on soil nematode communities mediated by current and past patch occupancy by endophyteinfected Lolium multiflorum populations. A microcosm experiment was performed to evaluate whether abundance and diversity of nematodes at different trophic levels were affected by endophyte infection through rhizosphere-mediated or littermediated effects. We found that presence of endophyte-infected plants and their aerial litter both triggered a bottom-up trophic cascade enhancing the abundance of herbivorous and predaceous nematode taxa. Endophyte infection also increased overall nematode richness, mostly through changes induced at the highest trophic level in this soil food web. Our results suggest that fungal endophytes can modify the linkages between aboveand belowground community compartments, with potential consequences on plant patch dynamics. Keywords: soil food webs, Lolium multiflorum, Neotyphodium occultans, plant-soil feedback, after-life effects, indirect interactions, trophic cascades

scholarly journals Short Communication: Tetrazolium test for evaluating viability of Capsicum annum seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
ADITYA KUSUMAWARDANA ◽  
BAMBANG PUJIASMANTO ◽  
PARDONO PARDONO
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Tetrazolium Staining ◽  
Growth Vigor ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Kusumawardana A, Pujiasmanto B, Pardono. 2018. Tetrazolium test for evaluating viability of Capsicum annum seeds. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 142-145. Seed quality is important in seeds production. This research was conducted to obtain information of topographical tetrazolium staining pattern of pepper (Capsicum annum) seeds. Tetrazolium test was conducted to determine the seed viability and plant growth vigor. Laboratory test for standard germination and field performances were performed on four lots (A, B, C, D) of pepper seeds. The viability categories pattern were determined by Root Mean Square (RMS), regression, and correlation analyses. Nine topographical patterns were recognized. The laboratory test results and field performances were compared with the topographical pattern. Combination of patterns 1,2 (embryonic axis and cotyledon completely stained) selected as viable category as it gave the least RMS value, the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with standard germination (RMS = 4, 06; R² = 0,761; r = 0,872). Combination of patterns 1,2 also gave the highest determination (R²) and correlation (r) coefficient with field stand (R² = 0,921; r = 0,959). The combination of patterns 1,2 is recommended for estimating plant growth performance in the field.

Effect of NPK on growth, yield and seed quality of hybrid Chilli

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
M Hasan ◽  
M Robbani ◽  
R Parvin ◽  
MNH Mehedi ◽  
I Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Long Time

An experiment was carried out at Germplasm Centre and Plant Biotechnology Lab, Department of Horticulture, PSTU to evaluate the growth, seed yield and quality of hybrid F1 chilli (cv. Sonic) crossing male line (LTSL-004-M) and female line (LTSL-004-F) along the viability of productive seeds influenced by NPK fertilizers during the period from November 2015 to October 2016. Ten different treatments of NPK fertilizers were used. Result showed that all the characteristics except primary branches and1000 seed weight were influenced significantly due to the application of NPK fertilizers. The tallest plant (69.88 cm), more leaves plant–1 (2491.33), highest number of secondary branches plant-1, tertiary branches plant-1 (5.00 and 88.00, respectively), number of flowers and hybrid fruits plant–1 (1533.00 and 12.33, respectively) and weight of seeds (4.03 g plant–1) along with required more time (54.67 days) for flowering were obtained from the application of 145 kg N ha–1, 175 kg P ha–1 and 96 kg K ha–1 (T4) which produced the highest final seed yield of chilli (4.03 kg ha–1). Application of T5 and T9 showed the highest number of primary branches (2.33). In seed viability characteristics T9 treated seeds showed the highest germination (100, 97.33 and 94.97%) at 1st, (1 MAH - Month After Harvest), 2nd (2 MAH) and 3rd (4 MAH) observations, respectively. The T3 treated seeds performed well in respect of Seed Vigour Index (SVI) at 1st and 2nd observations (8.00 and 7.48, respectively) but T9 treated seeds showed the highest SVI (6.32) at 3rd observation. Above indicating all characteristics were lowest under only recommended doses of NPK T1 as control treatment except days to first flowering. The observations suggested that production of hybrid chilli seeds could be enhanced by applying T4. While seeds of chilli treated by T9 in field level showed long time viable. Application of 145 kg N ha–1, 175 kg P ha–1 and 96 kg K ha–1 may be suggested for seed production of chilli and 110 kg N ha–1, + 175 kg P ha–1 + 115 kg K ha–1 for keeping the long time seed viability. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 9 (1): 35-41, June, 2019

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