A Contrast Study on the Realization of Korean-English Interrogative Sentence Speech Act: Focusing on Social Variables

Up to the present time, there are still many children games played with their respective accompanying songs by young children in Maluku. The lyrics of these children songs can be categorized as one form of texts that can be analyzed in terms of language aspects. This paper discusses directive speech acts contained in the children songs-attached games in Maluku. The purpose of this paper is to describe the various acts of directive speech, the social-cultural context that embodies it, and the level of politeness they may carry. The approach used was pragmatic approach, specifically the framework of speech act theory. The data used in this study was children songs in Ambon-Maluku, both oral and written data containing directive statements. Data analysis was done by interpreting, making inferences, and presenting it in the form of descriptive analysis. Descriptive analysis is intended to describe, provide an overview and identify the relationship between the phenomena being studied. The directive act of speech contained in the children game songs in Maluku can be categorized as direct or indirect. The direct way of directive speech acts is used for requesting, ordering, inviting, and forbidding, while the indirect way is preferred than imperative mode by using interrogative sentence, news report, and a particular request statement. Thus, through this analysis, we may come to an understanding of the dynamics of socio-cultural realm that underlies the presence of children game traditions in Maluku.

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A Study on the Comparative-Cultural Speech-Acts of Korean and American Male and Female Utterances in Remake Movies and Dramas: Focused on the ‘Interrogative-Sentence Order-Speech-Act’

10.33645/cnc.2021.09.43.9.215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

pp. 215-240

Author(s):

Eunyoung Lim

Keyword(s):

Speech Acts ◽

Speech Act ◽

Male And Female ◽

Interrogative Sentence ◽

Sentence Order

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Tindak Tutur Tak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)

Nazhruna Jurnal Pendidikan Islam ◽

10.31538/nzh.v1i1.44 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 96-121

Author(s):

Kholid Akhmad Muzakki ◽

Ahmad Rizza Firdaus ◽

Annisa’ Fatmayanti

Keyword(s):

Speech Act ◽

Command Line ◽

Direct Speech ◽

Indirect Speech ◽

Interrogative Sentence ◽

Indirect Speech Act ◽

Holy Book

Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act. The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is Surah Al-Kahfi. In the Surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.

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(كلام غير مباشر في سورة الكهف (دراسة تحليلية تداولية Tindak Tutur Tidak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)

Nazhruna Jurnal Pendidikan Islam ◽

10.31538/nazhruna.v1i1.125 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 80-99

Author(s):

Kholid Akhmad Muzakki

Keyword(s):

Speech Act ◽

Command Line ◽

Direct Speech ◽

Indirect Speech ◽

Interrogative Sentence ◽

Indirect Speech Act ◽

Holy Book

Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act. The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is surah Al-Kahfi. In the surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in the verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.

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Istifham in the stories in Alquran from the perpective of Speech Act Theory

Journal of Arts and Humanities ◽

10.18533/journal.v5i10.1027 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Rochmat Budi Santosa ◽

Joko Nurkamto ◽

Nashruddin Baidan ◽

Sumarlam Sumarlam

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Key Words ◽

Speech Act ◽

Speech Act Theory ◽

Sentence Structure ◽

The Past ◽

Original Meaning ◽

The Future ◽

Interrogative Sentence ◽

Number Case

One of the most effective ways to attract an audience in order to influence him is through question. Many kinds of question. Questions in arabic terms known as istifham are also found in the stories. This study will make an attempt in affirmation of how istifhams, which is then simplified into the terms of questions, are clearly highlighted to enhance the connectivity of the components of the Quranic texts. Specifically how questions in the stories in Alquran found and understood using contextual frameworks. The content analysis is employed through speech act theory. It is found that Istifham serves as question words, either to inquire about something of understanding, or not, the past and the future. Istifham are specifically used to ask about the place, time, circumstances, number, case dubious and uncertain. Sometimes question words come out of its original meaning to another meaning that can be seen through the sentence structure, so the function istifham here not as a question word again. Therefore, the sentence does not allow it to be interpreted as an interrogative sentence.Key words: istifham, stories, speech act.

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A Study on Speech Act of Apologies used by the Indian ESL Learners in Multicultural classes

SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ◽

10.24113/ijellh.v3i7.822 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

Author(s):

B. Jamuna

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Speech Act ◽

Mother Tongue ◽

First Year ◽

Social Variables ◽

Post Graduate ◽

Completion Task ◽

Point Rating Scale ◽

The Social ◽

Esl Learners

Abstract The present study investigated the notion of polite and impolite apologies used by the Indian ESL learners. The participants were taken from two different categories, i.e., 60 Professional Course Students of B.Tech first year and 60 Post-graduate Management Course students of MBA. The respondentswere asked to respond to a discourse completion task (DCT) realizingthe0speech act of apology and the utteranceswere analyzed. First theapology strategies/patterns were analyzed based on Blum-Kulka?s CCSARPProject (1984). These patterns were regrouped by three language experts in terms of politeness on a five-point rating scale such as: (1) very impolite (2) impolite (3) partially polite (4) polite and (5) very polite. Politeness scores were studied to find significant differences (if any) existed among different groups of respondents classified based on the social variables such as age, gender and region (based on their mother tongue).

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Speech Act of Complaining: Socio-Pragmatic study of Complaint by Moroccan EFL Learners

International Journal of Language and Literary Studies ◽

10.36892/ijlls.v2i2.294 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 148-155

Author(s):

Abdelfattah Laabidi ◽

Adiba Bousfiha

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Foreign Language ◽

Social Power ◽

Speech Act ◽

Social Variables ◽

Efl Learners ◽

Cultural Variables ◽

Completion Test ◽

Efl Students ◽

Quantitative Design

Complaining as a speech act can occur in every conversation even unintentionally. The use of this speech act is culture specific. The expressions and strategies used to issue a complaint vary according to context, interlocutors and to other socio-cultural variables. The present study investigates the complaint strategies of Moroccan higher education institutions’ EFL students. Data for the current study are collected from 37 second and third year students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) representing a population in Moroccan Higher Education embodied in Moulay Ismail University, Meknes and who have managed to answer a discourse completion test composed of five situational prompts. A quantitative design is used for the collection, the analysis and the interpretation of data. The data gathered are described and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that Moroccan EFL students use specific linguistic forms to make complaints regarding different social variables such as social distance, ranking and social power. They also imply that Moroccan EFL learners tend to use more indirect strategies in issuing their complaints along with some intimacy expressions that mark the specificity of the Moroccan culture as a positive politeness culture, par excellence.

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Indonesian Interrogative Sentences: a Study of Forms and Functions

Jurnal Humaniora ◽

10.22146/jh.v28i3.22289 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 348

Author(s):

Lindawati .

Keyword(s):

Structural Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Speech Act ◽

Contextual Analysis ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Pragmatic Approach ◽

Response Form ◽

Indirect Speech ◽

Analysis Phase ◽

Interrogative Sentence

This study examines Indonesian interrogative sentence problems by focusing on issues of forms and functions. The data used in this analysis are interrogative sentences in Indonesian language that are currently used in oral and in interethnic communication. This study used a pragmatic approach. Listening while observing (metode simak) is used at the stage of data collection. In the analysis phase, a structural analysis is used for the discussion of issues related to the form, and a contextual analysis method is used for the discussion of issues related to the function of interrogative sentence. The report was presented verbally. From the research, it can be formulated that interrogative sentences forming elements are either supra-segmental elements or segmental elements. Supra-segmental elements are intonation, and segmental elements are words, phrases, and particles. The elements were added to a clause to be the base of an interrogative sentence. Based on the response form provided by what the opponents said, interrogative sentences are grouped on the yes-no and information interrogative sentences. Yes-no interrogative sentences require an answer that contains a justification or denial of what is stated on the clause that is the basis for the formation of interrogative sentences. Information interrogative sentences require an answer in the form of explanation. In communications, interrogative sentences are uttered not only to ask something, but they are also used to express a variety of speech act. Speech act that can be expressed by the interrogative sentences of Indonesian language are representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. Interrogative sentences are sometimes used in order to speak indirectly (indirect speech) to maintain politeness or otherwise stated expressive rudely.

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La politesse de la requête des locuteurs natifs du français : quelles stratégies, quelles modifications?

Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities ◽

10.29037/digitalpress.43294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 00021

Author(s):

Elvi Syahrin ◽

Ratna Ratna

Keyword(s):

Foreign Language ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Social Variables ◽

Font Size ◽

Context Sensitive ◽

Conditional Mode ◽

Completion Test ◽

Internal Change ◽

Interrogative Sentence

Politeness is culture-specific and context sensitive. Usually, speakers of a language community acquire strategies of politeness from their ongoing discussions with each other in daily life. That is why what is polite in a community can be considered rude in another and what is polite in a particular context could be rude in another. This article offers a particularly pragmatic study on the politeness of the speech acts of query. This study examines the politeness of the request strategies carried out by French native speakers. Participated by 10 native speakers as referees, it examines the politeness according to the encoding scheme developed in Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project (CCSARP) (Blum-Kulka, House, &amp; Kasper, 1989) modified by Warga (2005). Using Discourse Completion Test (DCT) for data collection, this research, at the same time, focuses on the internal change of request adapted by Jin Ah (2012). It consists of 6 situations selected conversations of Reiter (2000). Social variables corresponding to 3 systems of politeness of Scollon and Scollon (2001) also became the basis of the analysis in this study. The results of our research have shown that French native speakers tend to make their request for conventional indirect strategy by the use of the interrogative sentence. The sub-strategy which was used is question on a condition of success dominated by the question on the ability. While most of the internal changes to show politeness is the use of the conditional mode. These findings could have implications for the learners of French as foreign language, teachers, authors of textbooks, syllabus designers and researchers.

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