scholarly journals Ijara as an Innovative Product in Agricultural Financing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Aijamal K. Kantoroeva ◽  
Nurzat K. Toktomamatova
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Financial Leasing ◽  
Western Model ◽  
Current State ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of

The relevance of the study is due to the necessity to solve the problems of agricultural lending in the Kyrgyz Republic. The problems of financing and lending to agriculture are still urgent in the Kyrgyz Republic, therefore, specific financial instruments of Islamic banking, which are highly appreciated in the practise of other countries, are well suited for project financing, work in conditions of high uncertainty characteristic of agriculture in the Kyrgyz Republic. The purpose of the study was to identify alternative loan products for agricultural economic entities based on Islamic principles of financing in the Kyrgyz Republic. Research objectives: to provide brief information on the current state in the field of agricultural lending; give brief information on the development of Islamic principles of lending in the Kyrgyz Republic; define the concept and classification of Islamic banking instruments in agriculture; define the financial instrument “Ijara” and identify its advantages. Research methods: methods of the empirical level (studying of literature and other sources of information, observation, comparison), methods of the theoretical level (study and generalisation, analysis and synthesis). In the process of writing this article, Islamic banking instruments have been reviewed and classified. The concept of Ijara contract was considered, new modern technologies in the field of Islamic banking were investigated. The main distinctive principles of Islamic banking from the Western model of financial leasing were analysed. The credit history of agriculture and forestry of the Kyrgyz Republic was analysed.

Islam in Kyrgyzstan: Spreading History and the Current State

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Salamat Dushenbiev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Objective Description ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article examines the history of the spread and the current state of the Islamic religion in Kyrgyzstan. The main stages, ways, methods and features of the penetration and spread of Islam on the territory of Kyrgyzstan are revealed, an attempt is made to give an objective description of the degree of Islam's rootedness in the public consciousness of the Kyrgyz since the first acquaintance with Islam in the Middle Ages, as well as the influence of Islam on the culture and spirituality of the Kyrgyz. Much attention is paid to the study of modern processes that are taking place in the religious sphere, in particular in the Muslim Jamaat of the sovereign Kyrgyz Republic. We conditionally called these processes “re-Islamization” and “modernization” of Islam. The article also identifies the main trends and prospects for the development of Islam in the Kyrgyz Republic.

scholarly journals Whence Lepidic?: The History of a Canadian Neologism

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1822-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Definition Of

The term lepidic is used prominently in the recently published multidisciplinary classification of adenocarcinoma. The lack of use in common (nonmedical) English has led to some confusion over the proper definition of this term. This historical perspective traces the history of the term lepidic from its origins at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, through its uses in English pathologic descriptions, to its current state in pulmonary pathology.

scholarly journals UNDERGROUND MOSQUES OF MANGYSTAU AS THE OBJECTS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Asima G. КOSHIM ◽  
◽  
Aigul M. SERGEYEVA ◽  
Kuat T. SAPAROV ◽  
Sveta K. BERDYBAEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Complex Methods

A distinctive feature of Mangystau is a significant number of underground mosques that have existed within the region since the X-XIII centuries. The purpose of the study is to analyze and assess the current state of underground mosques and the prospects for their use as objects for the development of tourism. The study was carried out as a result of the use of complex methods: dialectical, retrospective, systemic and logical analysis, as well as general scientific methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis. Underground mosques in Mangistau region play an important role in the development of tourism in Kazakhstan. The analysis shows that the objects carved into the rock are unique underground structures that differ in the peculiarity and history of their formation. The research results can be used in theoretical and methodological research on this topic. The research materials show that in the Mangistau region it is necessary to study the religious heritage using a rich resource base and develop new tour programs that will increase the region's tourism pportunities and the development of all types of religious tourism.

scholarly journals Contemporary Ukrainian cinema into the European context (2014-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 274-283
Author(s):  
Zoya Alforova ◽  
Serhii Marchenko ◽  
Yuliia Shevchuk ◽  
Svitlana Kotlyar ◽  
Serhii Honcharuk
Keyword(s):  
Film Industry ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Film Festivals ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
European Cinema ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Commercial Distribution

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the development of Ukrainian art, including cinema, is becoming more popular every year. Since 2014, the Ukrainian film industry has been rapidly developing, and has also shown good results at European and other international film festivals. The purpose of the study is to analyse the position of Ukrainian cinema in the recent historical period, as well as to analyse the preconditions that were created for its development and introduction to the European cinema market. The methodological basis of this study is the combination of theoretical methods of cognition. Methods of data analysis and synthesis, dialectical method, historical and periodisation method are used. In the course of writing this paper, the studies of Ukrainian and foreign researchers regarding the subject were studied and analysed. The establishment and current state of the film industry are investigated. The preconditions for the development of Ukrainian cinema as well as factors that influenced its entrance to the European market are considered. Studying the history of Ukrainian cinema and the process of its commercial distribution, will help to analyse the stages of its establishment, as well as explore opportunities for industry development.

Pathology of the urachus. History of the issue and current state of the problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Dmitriy N. Shchedrov ◽  
Igor S. Shormanov ◽  
Sergey V. Kotov ◽  
Eugene V. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Gender Aspect

Based on the analysis of literature sources, modern data are presented on the nosological structure of urachus diseases in adults and children, diagnostic methods, as well as treatment tactics for various anatomical variants of anomalies in the development of the urinary duct. A modern classification of urachal malformations caused by disorders of its obliteration is presented. Various modifications of the laparoscopic approach are considered for the most common types of this pathology. The reasons for the development of malignant neoplasms from the urachus tissue, including in the gender aspect, are described, and a comparative assessment of the methods of surgical treatment of urachus tumors is given.

scholarly journals Music Listening and Homeostatic Regulation: Surviving and Flourishing in a Sonic World

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Mark Reybrouck ◽  
Piotr Podlipniak ◽  
David Welch
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Homeostatic Regulation ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Continuous Interaction ◽  
Valence And Arousal

This paper argues for a biological conception of music listening as an evolutionary achievement that is related to a long history of cognitive and affective-emotional functions, which are grounded in basic homeostatic regulation. Starting from the three levels of description, the acoustic description of sounds, the neurological level of processing, and the psychological correlates of neural stimulation, it conceives of listeners as open systems that are in continuous interaction with the sonic world. By monitoring and altering their current state, they can try to stay within the limits of operating set points in the pursuit of a controlled state of dynamic equilibrium, which is fueled by interoceptive and exteroceptive sources of information. Listening, in this homeostatic view, can be adaptive and goal-directed with the aim of maintaining the internal physiology and directing behavior towards conditions that make it possible to thrive by seeking out stimuli that are valued as beneficial and worthy, or by attempting to avoid those that are annoying and harmful. This calls forth the mechanisms of pleasure and reward, the distinction between pleasure and enjoyment, the twin notions of valence and arousal, the affect-related consequences of music listening, the role of affective regulation and visceral reactions to the sounds, and the distinction between adaptive and maladaptive listening.

scholarly journals Galician Nationalism: History and Modernity

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Valentyna Hodlevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Methods

The purpose of the article is to cover the history and determine the relevance of Galician nationalism. The origin and development of the nationalist movement in the region is analyzed. In our study general scientific and special historical and political science methods were applied. The general scientific methods (deductive and inductive, analysis and synthesis) were used as specific cognitive tools necessary to implement the principles of historicism, systematicism and objectivity. The general and special historical methods (historical-typological, statistical, comparative-historical, problem-chronological) allowed us to make a comprehensive analysis of the problem of Galician nationalism. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author, for the first time in the national historical science, analyzes the features of Galician nationalism, the history of its development and the current state. Galician nationalism took shape in the 19th century. Among the predecessors of Galician nationalism, three movements can be distinguished: provincialism, federalism, and regionalism. Provincialism (later called Galicianism) was a movement that emerged in 1840 with the aim of protecting the integrity of the territory of Galicia. Regionalism became an intermediate phase in the evolution of the Galician movement between provincialism and nationalism. Galician federalism began to develop in 1865. The federalists argued that Galicia should be formed as a canton within Spain and that it be governed by its own cantonal constitution. Conclusions. As one of the four historic autonomous regions of Spain (along with Catalonia, the Basque Country and Andalusia), Galicia is significantly different in its understanding of its own nationalism. While Catalonia and the Basque Country strive for even greater independence, including threats of secession from the state, the nationalist movement in Galicia is becoming less tangible.

scholarly journals Theda Skocpol’s Theory of Revolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-512
Author(s):  
Eduard E Shults
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
System Failures ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Political Scientist

The article analyzes several ideas suggested by American political scientist Theda Skocpol in regards to the theory of revolution. From the author’s point of view, Skocpol’s attitudes are noteworthy both in terms of studying the history of political science and understanding the current state of “the theory of revolution” as a scientific direction. The author critically examines the classification of “generations of the theory of the revolution contributors” offered by J. Goldstone, according to which T. Skocpol belongs to “the third generation”. At the same time, the key provisions of Skocpol’s concept continue the ideas of the first and second generations, as is suggested by Goldstone. The author highlights the importance of the conceptual provisions related to the questions of social system failures and the reasons and consequences of revolutions in the context of revolutionary modernization.

THE ROLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE SECURITIES MARKET AND THE CURRENT STATE OF THE STATE SECURITIES MARKET IN KYRGYZSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
Gulasel Shamshieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Securities Market ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Government

This article gives a classification of securities. The investment activities and operations with securities of commercial banks, as well as the legal regulation of the activities of commercial banks in the securities market in Kyrgyzstan are examined. A review of the current state of the securities market in the Kyrgyz Republic is carried out. Volumes of debt securities are also presented. The volume of annual issue of securities for 3 years from 2017 to 2019, the volume of foreign investment in corporate securities is shown. During the review of the state of the securities market, it was concluded that commercial banks play a major role in the development of the securities market, acting as issuers, investors and intermediaries. A program for the development of the government securities market for both the medium and long term is proposed.

scholarly journals Fanworms: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
María Capa ◽  
Elena Kupriyanova ◽  
João Miguel de Matos Nogueira ◽  
Andreas Bick ◽  
María Ana Tovar-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current State ◽  
Invasive Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biogeographic Regions ◽  
Species Occurrences ◽  
Uniform Group

Sabellida Levinsen, 1883 is a large morphologically uniform group of sedentary annelids commonly known as fanworms. These annelids live in tubes made either of calcareous carbonate or mucus with agglutinated sediment. They share the presence of an anterior crown consisting of radioles and the division of the body into thorax and abdomen marked by a chaetal and fecal groove inversion. This study synthesises the current state of knowledge about the diversity of fanworms in the broad sense (morphological, ecological, species richness), the species occurrences in the different biogeographic regions, highlights latest surveys, provides guidelines for identification of members of each group, and describe novel methodologies for species delimitation. As some members of this group are well-known introduced pests, we address information about these species and their current invasive status. In addition, an overview of the current evolutionary hypothesis and history of the classification of members of Sabellida is presented. The main aim of this review is to highlight the knowledge gaps to stimulate research in those directions.

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