scholarly journals The tension of unity and conflict in multilingualism

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Ushuple Lucy Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Broad Definition

In our modern world, multilingualism is a common phenomenon. By broad definition, the term ‘multilingualism’ is the use of two or more languages, either by a person or by a group of speakers. Though there have appeared debates and countless studies along with the dominance of multilingualism in any given society. It is often agreed upon by many scholars that multilingualism can be both a problem and a resource. This research paper aims at illuminating the tension of unity and conflict in multilingualism and linguistic diversity. In doing so, this research focuses on multilingualism in Africa and possible implication for unity and conflict within the continent. This paper discovers that multilingualism can cause a crisis of identity, language loss, the death of a language. It can lead to violence and ethnic clashes. In some cases, it can help foster unity in a country.

“Earth has clear call of daily bells”: Nature’s Apocalyptic Liturgy in Christina Rossetti’s Verses

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 172-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chene Heady Faulstick
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Baroque Art ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Religious Understanding

AbstractThis essay reconsiders Charles Ryder’s religious conversion in Brideshead Revisited in terms of a primarily emotional conversion. When reading the novel as a pilgrimage to passion, readers can see in Charles a legitimate, convincing emotional conversion, which should—when emphasizing traditional Catholic ideals—ultimately also be understood as a religious conversion. Charles’s emotional interaction with Catholicism includes his intimate, formative relationship with the Catholic Flyte family, especially Sebastian, and aspects of his career as a Baroque artist, as Baroque art is often identified with Catholicism. It also includes Charles’s disenchantment with both the soullessness of war, which drains its participants of any emotional experience, and the modern world, which lacks connection to depth and tradition. Finally, the emotive power of his inadvertent pilgrimage to Brideshead also connects Charles to Catholicism as the house facilitates Charles’s memories of his religious experience at Lord Marchmain’s deathbed, his artistic conversion to Baroque art, and his passionate friendship with Sebastian. Such a broad definition of Catholicism calls for an expansive understanding of religion, but it is this kind of a religious understanding that Brideshead Revisited recommends.

What Are We Trying to Preserve? Diversity, Change, and Ideology at the Edge of the Cameroonian Grassfields

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Carlo ◽  
Jeff Good
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Key Aspects

Losses associated with language endangerment need not be restricted to individual language systems but can also involve the disappearance of distinctive language ecologies. This chapter explores the language dynamics of the Lower Fungom region of Northwest Cameroon, which offers an extreme case of linguistic diversity, from an areal and ethnographically informed perspective. Key aspects of local language ideologies are explored in detail, and it is argued that in this area languages symbolize relatively ephemeral political formations and, hence, should not be taken as reflections of deeply rooted historical identities. This conclusion has significance both regarding how research projects in the area should be structured as well as for what it might mean to ‘preserve’ the languages of a region that historically appears to have been characterized by frequent language loss and emergence, conditioned by changes in territorial and political configurations.

scholarly journals Learning of Islamic Law in Contemporary Universities: Case Study of Faculty of Sharīʻah & Law of International Islamic University Islamabad and Islamic Legal Studies Program of Harvard Law School

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Naureen Akhtar ◽  
Atia Madni ◽  
Rais Nouman Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Law School ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Divine Guidance

Purpose: This research paper aims to study the standing of learning of Islamic Law in contemporary universities. The present study highlights the significance of Islamic Law learning to the legal practitioners (Bar) and legal academicians in general and to the judges (Bench) in particular. This paper endeavors to conduct a case study of learning of Islamic law in contemporary universities in Muslim and Non-Muslim jurisdictions. Methodology: For the purpose of this research paper, two universities have been selected where departments of Islamic law learning are established, i.e., Faculty of Sharīʻah & Law of International Islamic University, Islamabad and Harvard Islamic Legal Studies Program of Harvard law School. This study explores that how far the above-mentioned institutions in various jurisdictions have been successful in imparting Islamic Law education among their law students. It follows discussion on the relevancy of Islamic law learning and its understanding in the solution of contemporary issues of the modern world. Findings: This paper finds that Islamic law, being based on divine guidance, is the complete code of conduct and therefore, provides guidelines to discover and find out the solutions of all issues of modern world to Bar, academicians and Bench.                                                           

Translanguaging: the concept origin and meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Aliya Iskakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The status of English language as a lingua franca and the steady expansion of its influence in many areas of human activity cause an ambiguous reaction in the modern world and is accompanied by the emergence of relevant trends in linguistic science and real practice of foreign languages training. In the world linguodidactics, there is a constant search for effective ways of teaching foreign languages, which is inevitably accompanied by a search for solutions to acute problems associated with the English language diversification from the one hand and the preservation of linguistic diversity and cultural identity from the other hand. Analysing the scholars and educators works the author traces the emergence and meaning of the concepts of “translingualism” as a linguistic approach and “translanguaging” as a didactic method. The paper is of great interest from the point of view of acquiring new knowledge and expanding the existing linguodidactic experience. In foreign linguistics, there is a lively discussion about the essence of this phenomenon, which arose as a pedagogical tool in the UK and later took shape in the pedagogical system by the efforts of many scientists and received full theoretical justification in the works written by American scientist Ophelia Garcia and British linguist Lee Wei. Translingualism is considered not only as a powerful pedagogical tool of foreign language training, one the ways to diversify and develop English language, but also as a way to solve accumulated problems in the social sphere, including those the speakers from different linguistic cultures have while communicating.

scholarly journals Regional Public Relations: A New Frontier of Growth in India’s Public Relations Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5340-5360
Author(s):  
Suchitra Bhargava ◽  
Josraj Arakkal
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
North East ◽  
General Demand ◽  
Public Relations Agency

India - a land of vast cultural & linguistic diversity, where ‘word of mouth’ plays a crucial role in building brands. Public Relations have strongly emerged as an indispensable function for protecting and enhancing reputation. With 70% population of the nation living within the rural or semi-urban geographies, and nearly 34% of the same, annually migrating to urban cities in search of a better livelihood and employment, the role of regional Public Relations becomes more intrinsic to "Integrated Communications and Marketing strategies” for brands. The research paper attempts to understand the following: a) Evolution of consumer consumption and engagement through the lens of regional Public Relations in India. b) Introduction of the concept of G-LO-RI: Global – Local-Regional. c) Challenges faced by professionals/ agencies. The research aims to emphasize the need and importance of regional Public Relations. With the help of in-depth interviews and secondary data, the research will deduce the opportunities and scope to grow in this unorganized and untapped regional territories pan India. The research paper has considered variables - demographic factors, purchasing power, access and dissemination of information and news, effects of social channels and influencers, regional content consumption patterns, and urbanization. The qualitative study of these factors aims to share an outlook and future of regional Public Relations in India. As per existing information available at the time of drafting this research paper, there was no such material or reporting evidence in the context of the role and relevance of regional Public Relations in India. This research paper aims to highlight the current ecosystem, gaps, and key findings and showcase the importance, growth, and challenges of regional Public Relations in India. Interpretations/Implications: This study found that the Regional Public Relations industry has grown multi-folds in the past two decades. There have been many contributing factors instrumental towards this growth size, scale, and reach. This study included a mix of national public relations agency professionals and regional Public Relations agency owners/founders. They shared their journey and explained the concept, growth and evolution, agency revenue model, team size, opportunities, and challenges on the whole. The level of growth is varied region-wise, while Western, Northern, and Southern regions are hot spots of growth of regional Public Relations business, Eastern and North-East region remain a potential growth market. It was also observed that the affiliate model or the associate model of business is prevalent in the industry. The upcoming trends and practices were also discussed with the participants. The agencies have relied heavily on traditional media for a long time, but there is a gradual shift towards creating more digital content, which is data-driven. In due course of the study, it was evident that industry spending differed from one region to another. FMCG, followed by Automobile and Telecom, were the front runners in spends on regional Public Relations, Government and Education sectors have also caught up. The variation is observed due to the general demand and supply rule and socio-cultural factors, including language, customs, lifestyles & values, playing a crucial role. The researcher also came across some looming challenges that the industry currently faces, and recommendations have also been shared at the end of this paper.

scholarly journals Ethnic translation studies as a new translation boarderland / frontier

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
В.А. Разумовская
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Frontier Zone

Статья посвящена анализу некоторых изменений, происходящих в предметном поле современного переводоведения и связанных с появлением новых объектов перевода на практике и их теоретического осмысления. Случаи расширения категориальной парадигмы науки о переводе рассматриваются в контексте основных социокультурных процессов (глобализации и глокализации), поскольку ключевыми объектами рассматриваемого неовида перевода являются этнотексты, принадлежащие культурам коренных народов Сибири. Этнотексты представляют собой традиционные хранилища культурной информации и памяти уникальных этносов, некоторые из которых испытывают значительное влияние унификации, что нередко приводит к нивелированию их культурных и языковых особенностей. В настоящем исследовании предпринята попытка использования для рассмотрения проблематики декодирования информации этнотекстов методологического инструмента, ставшего в последнее время популярным в гуманитарном дискурсе – фронтира. Символическое понимание фронтира применимо к обозначению и рассмотрению в научном (переводоведческом в данном исследовании) дискурсе встречи старого и нового, изученного и неизученного, понятного и непонятного, однозначного и неоднозначного. В зоне фронтира информационная энтропия возрастает, что требует её преодоления и что в конечном счете может обеспечить дальнейшее развитие науки о переводе. Ставшая в XXI веке актуальной проблематика перевода этнотекстов отнесена в настоящей работе к новой фронтирной зоне переводоведения, в рамках которого еще предстоит решить вопросы определения механизмов изучения текстов, созданных первоначально на языках коренных народов, в зеркале этноперевода. Выделение этнопереводовения как самостоятельной области переводоведения может способствовать созданию новых возможностей для знакомства представителей «других» культур мира с уникальными языками и культурами, некоторые из которых находятся под угрозой исчезновения. Другая важная задача этноперевода определяется в отношении его использования для ревитализации и потенциальному возрождению языков коренных народов Сибири, сохранению их культурной идентичности и обеспечению культурного и языкового разнообразия современного мира, что может стать положительным исходомтекущего процесса глокализации. Некоторые вопросы формирующегося в настоящий момент этнопереводоведения рассмотрены на примере опыта перевода этнотекстов коренных народов Красноярского края и Республики Саха (Якутия). The article is devoted to the analysis of some changes taking place in the subject field of modern Translation Studies and related to the emergence of new translation objects in practice and their theoretical consideration. The cases of the categorical paradigm of the science of translation expansion are discussed in the context of the main socio-cultural processes (globalization and glocalization), since the key objects of the considered neo-type of translation are ethnic texts belonging to the cultures of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. Ethnic texts are traditional repositories of cultural information and memory of unique ethnic groups, some of which are significantly influenced by unification, which often leads to the leveling of their cultural and linguistic characteristics. In this study, an attempt is made to use a methodological tool that has recently become popular in the humanitarian discourse to consider the problems of decoding information of ethnic texts – a frontier. The symbolic interpretation of a frontier is applicable to the designation and consideration in the scholarly (Translation Studies in the present research) discourse of the meeting of the old and the new, the studied and the unexplored, the understandable and the incomprehensible, the definite and the ambiguous. In the frontier zone, information entropy increases, which requires overcoming it and ultimately can ensure the further development of the science of translation. The problems of ethnic texts translation, which have become relevant in the 21st century, are attributed in the present paper to the new frontier zone of Translation Studies, within the framework of which the issues of determining the mechanisms for studying texts originally created in the languages of indigenous peoples in the mirror of ethnic translation have yet to be resolved. The identification of ethnic translation as an independent field of Translation Studies can contribute to the creation of new opportunities for “other” cultures of the world representatives to get acquainted with unique languages and cultures, some of which are endangered. Another important task of ethnic translation is defined in relation to its use for the revitalization and potential revival of the languages of the indigenous peoples of Siberia, the preservation of their cultural identity and ensuring the cultural and linguistic diversity of the modern world, which can become a positive outcome of the current glocalization process. Some issues of the currently emerging Ethnic Translation Studies are considered on the example of the experience of translating the ethnic texts of the indigenous peoples of Krasnoyarsk Krai and the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).

scholarly journals Linguistic Diversity in the Modern World: Language Power and Prestige

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita Jaroslavienė ◽  
Gintarė Judžentytė-Šinkūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Language

The Imperial Legacy of Language

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harm De Blij
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Historical Geography ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Cultural Convergence ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Merit ◽  
Early Human

Language is the essence of culture, and culture is the epoxy of society. Individually and collectively, people tend to feel passionately about their mother tongue, especially when they have reason to believe that it is threatened in some way. Ever since the use of language evolved in early human communities, some confined in isolated abodes and others on the march into Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas, languages have arisen, flourished, and failed with the fortunes of their speakers. Linguists estimate that tens of thousands of such languages may have been born and lost, leaving no trace. Some major ones, including Sumerian and Etruscan, survive fragmentarily in their written record. A few, such as Sanskrit and Latin, live on in their modern successors. But the historical geography of language is the story of a loss of linguistic diversity that continues unabated. At present, about 7,000 languages remain, half of them classified by linguists as endangered. In the year from the day you read this, about 25 more languages will go extinct. By the end of this century, the Earth may be left with just a few hundred languages, so billions of its inhabitants will no longer be speaking their ancestral mother tongues (Diamond, 2001). If this projection turns out to be accurate, the language loss will not be confined to those spoken by comparatively few people in remote locales. One dimension of the “flattening” of the world in the age of globalization is the cultural convergence of which linguistic homogenization is a key component. Some of my colleagues view this as an inevitable and not altogether undesirable process of integration, but if I may be candid, most of those colleagues speak one language only: English. Having spoken six languages during my lifetime (I can still manage in four), I tend to share the linguists’ concern over the trend. English has the great merit of comparative simplicity and adaptable modernity, but as it reflects historic natural and social environments it is sparse indeed and no match for the riches of French or even Dutch. If such contrasts can arise and persist among closely related languages in Europe, imagine the legacies of major languages such as Yoruba, Urdu, Thai, and others potentially endangered as language convergence proceeds.

scholarly journals Introduction: the transformation of Tibet’s language ecology in the twenty-first century

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (245) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Roche
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Second Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
The West ◽  
Language Ecology ◽  
Twenty First Century

AbstractTibet’s linguistic diversity is undergoing drastic transformations in the twenty-first century. In this article, I begin my examination of this issue by outlining the extent of Tibet’s linguistic diversity, including not only its numerous Tibetic languages, but also its non-Tibetic minority languages. Using a “language ecology” approach, I examine the mechanisms that have produced and maintained this diversity, as well as the ways this diversity was spatially and socially patterned. I argue that these processes and patterns were largely maintained up until the twenty-first century, when the Chinese state’s program to “Open the West” unleashed an ideologically driven modernization program on Tibet, radically altering its language ecology. I argue that the present trends emerging from this process are likely to continue throughout the twenty-first century, resulting in both language loss and the emergence of new languages, leaving the overall language ecology fundamentally altered by the beginning of the twenty-second century. It is hoped that this article will not only provide a useful framework for future discussions on linguistic diversity in Tibet, but will also focus attention on the challenges facing individual languages in Tibet today.

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