Translanguaging: the concept origin and meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Aliya Iskakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The status of English language as a lingua franca and the steady expansion of its influence in many areas of human activity cause an ambiguous reaction in the modern world and is accompanied by the emergence of relevant trends in linguistic science and real practice of foreign languages training. In the world linguodidactics, there is a constant search for effective ways of teaching foreign languages, which is inevitably accompanied by a search for solutions to acute problems associated with the English language diversification from the one hand and the preservation of linguistic diversity and cultural identity from the other hand. Analysing the scholars and educators works the author traces the emergence and meaning of the concepts of “translingualism” as a linguistic approach and “translanguaging” as a didactic method. The paper is of great interest from the point of view of acquiring new knowledge and expanding the existing linguodidactic experience. In foreign linguistics, there is a lively discussion about the essence of this phenomenon, which arose as a pedagogical tool in the UK and later took shape in the pedagogical system by the efforts of many scientists and received full theoretical justification in the works written by American scientist Ophelia Garcia and British linguist Lee Wei. Translingualism is considered not only as a powerful pedagogical tool of foreign language training, one the ways to diversify and develop English language, but also as a way to solve accumulated problems in the social sphere, including those the speakers from different linguistic cultures have while communicating.

scholarly journals Democracy from the Point of View of Islamic Political Ethics: Khaled Abou El Fadl’s Doctrine

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
D. V. Mukhetdinov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Political Ethics ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focuses on the analysis of the Islamic thinker Kh. A. ElFadl’s political and legal conception. This conception assesses the potential of the Islamic tradition for the legitimization of democracy. We indicates that El-Fadl’s concept is not another ‘Islamic democracy’ project, but an analysis of the relationship between democratic ethos and Islamic political values. It is demonstrated that an adequate understanding of this relationship requires a comprehension of Qur’anic anthropology — the idea of human call, in particular. The logical transition from acceptance of God’s sovereignty and the status of man as His earthly governor (a successive authority’) to the inadmissibility of usurpation of power is considered reasonable. The article proves that El-Fadl allows historical variability of the forms of checks and balances that impede usurpation of power. Therefore, he emphasizes precisely the democratic ethos, and not a particular political theory or a specific political regime. The irregularity of the monopolization of a democratic ethos by the Western culture, on the one hand, and the monopolization of Shari‘a by Islamists, on the other, is thoroughly noted. In the conclusion the author outlines a general understanding of the nature of Shari‘a and the Shari‘ah foundations of political practice in the concept of El-Fadl.

scholarly journals Are traditional minority languages a bench marking for the rights of migrant languages in the European Union?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-60
Author(s):  
Christopher Houtkamp ◽  
László Marácz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Language Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Linguistic Rights ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One

In this paper a normative position will be defended. We will argue that minimal territorial minority language rights formulated in terms of the personality principle referring to traditional minority languages granted in the framework of the European Union (EU) are a benchmark for non-territorial linguistic rights. Although territorial minority languages should be granted collective rights this is in large parts of Europe not the case. Especially in the Central and Eastern European Member States language rights granted to territorial languages are assigned on the basis of personal language rights. Our argumentation will be elaborated on the basis of a comparative approach discussing the status of a traditional territorial language in Romania, more in particular Hungarian spoken in the Szeklerland area with the one of migrant languages in the Netherlands, more in particular Turkish. In accordance with the language hierarchy implying that territorial languages have a higher status than non-territorial languages both in the EUs and Member States’ language regimes nonterritorial linguistic rights will be realized as personal rights in the first place. Hence, the use of non-territorial minority languages is conditioned much as the use of territorial minority languages in the national Member States. So, the best possible scenario for mobile minority languages is to be recognized as a personal right and receive full support from the states where they are spoken. It is true that learning the host language would make inclusion of migrant language speakers into the host society smoother and securing a better position on the labour market. This should however be done without striving for full assimilation of the speakers of migrant languages for this would violate the linguistic rights of migrants to speak and cultivate one’s own heritage language, violate the EUs linguistic diversity policy, and is against the advantages provided by linguistic capital in the sense of BOURDIEU (1991).

THE MODERN GREEK FAMILY: AXIOLOGICAL CONTRADICTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Anna A. Toropova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One

Family issues and the topic of social family policy in Greece is the subject of researches by a number of Greek sociologists (V. Filias (Β. Φίλιας), G.-S. Prevelakis (Γ.-Σ. Πρεβελάκης), H. Simeonidou (Χ. Συμεωνίδου), G. Georgas (Γ. Γεωργάς), L. Musuru (Λ. Μουσούρου), L. Maratu-Aliprandi (Λ. Μαράτου-Αλιπράντη). It seems interesting and useful to consider the situation in Greece from the point of view of its ambivalent nature: traditional values and patriarchal order, on the one hand, and adherence to liberal European sentiments, on the other. In the modern world, there is a "reformatting of ideas about the essence of family and marriage" [Noskova A. V., 2017: 123], which leads, in particular, to the rejection of having children, to increasingly frequent divorces "for no reason", to irresponsibility in awareness roles in the family, to the vulnerability of socialization, to the infantilism of adults, to avoidance of awareness of problems of various kinds, to egocentrism. Modern Greece is not an exception. The growing number of single-parent families in cities, low birth rates, divorces, loneliness, depression are characteristic features of many families. This allows us to speak about the “crisis of the Greek family” [Γεωργάς, 2010]. This research may be of interest to specialists dealing with the topic of the family, and significantly supplement the existing research in the domestic sociological field.

scholarly journals MASS MEDIA LANGUAGE AND ITS ROLE IN TRANSLATION ACTIVITIES (BASED ON ENGLISH MEDIA TEXTS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Shamlidi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
English Language ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Media Texts

Reporting information by mass media reflects the current state of public and state systems and relations between them. Since modern Western media are sponsored and controlled by large political parties, associations and corporations, and the authors of texts and messages act as conductors of the ideology of these organizations, in modern media texts a purely informative function (impartial news reporting) is increasingly combined with the intention of influencing the audience with the goal of using both purely linguistic and some extra-linguistic means ‒ to form in the addressee’s mind a certain picture of the modern world, at the behest of the ruling elites. In this light, knowledge of socio-political terminology (SPT), as well as of scientific, technical and humanitarian terms, which inevitably penetrate the media, provided that these terms acquire the status of social or political significance, is of particular importance for translators. On becoming generally known, the terms of various branches of scientific knowledge form, within SPT, special microfields which embrace the concepts of statehood, authorities and public order, administrative-territorial structure of the country, its social structure, systems of party and public associations, organizations; cultural life of society; rights and obligations of society members, international relations, institutions, state associations, their political systems, etc. Translators who track and assimilate the vocabulary of these microfields on a regular basis find it much easier to cope with the translation of pertinent texts. In this article particular attention is paid to the English-language newspaper information style: the headlines of publications, lexical and syntactic features of media texts, the modern tendency of mixing the official style with the colloquial one, means of achieving imagery, etc. The article notes an increasing use of evaluative and expressive vocabulary for certain pragmatic purposes. It also emphasizes that for the successful conduct of interpreting activities, translators need to pay special attention to the assimilation and knowledgeable acquisition of set expressions, clichés, their translation equivalents and analogues ‒ all to the point of automaticity.

scholarly journals Syn i ojciec w „Bojaźni i drżeniu” Sørena Kierkegaarda

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Marta Szabat
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fear And Trembling ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
The One

This article concerns events of the Old Testament – Yahweh commands Abraham to sacrifice his only son – Isaac – on Mount Moriah. This passage from the Old Testament, from the Book of Genesis, became the basis of Søren Kierkegaard’s considerations in Fear and Trembling. In the text I refer to, on the one hand, Kierkegaard’s considerations, while on the other hand I try to identify other possible interpretive tropes that could be useful, for example, during classes on the subject of faith or the status of ethical dilemmas in the modern world.

scholarly journals Carré sémiotique et interprétation des récits mythiques. — Semiotic square and the interpretation of myths

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-416
Author(s):  
Richard Pottier
Keyword(s):  
Deep Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Fact ◽  
Linguistic Communication ◽  
Logical Square ◽  
The Status ◽  
Logical Nature ◽  
Linguistic Activity ◽  
The One

Semiotic square and the interpretation of myths. Greimas’ semiotic square is built upon the hypothesis that the concept of elementary structure of signification is operational only if subjected to a logical interpretation and formulation. However, Greimas’ commentaries on that model are questionable. On the one hand, he asserts that logical nature of the connection between any two terms, s1 and s2, is undetermined; on the other hand, he provides the relations s1 – non s1, s2 – non s2, s1 – non s2 and s2 – non s1 with a logical status. Now, since these two statements are inconsistent, a choice must be made: either these four relations have a logical significance, and then the semiotic square is a logical square, so that s1 – s2 has to be interpreted as an incompatibility relation; or s1 – s2 has no logical meaning, and then not only the status of the other relations given in the model is not logical either, but also the simple fact of applying negation to the terms s1 and s2 is meaningless. That dilemma follows from an argument, that Greimas has laid down as a principle, under which linguistic communication depends on the existence of a deep level (or immanent level) of the significance, that is supposed to precede its manifestation in speech. If, conversely, we assume that significance is produced at discursive level, and that consequently the patterning of linguistic codes relies on what could be called a semantic sedimentation process, which comes out from linguistic activity, there is no more dilemma. Such a thesis, which implies that the elementary structure of signification must be seen as the schematization by the describer of speakers’ mental activity, leads to a point of view inversion. Nevertheless, the two conditions which, according to Greimas, are required for catching the meaning are still relevant, except that, contrary to Greimas’ opinion, they now apply at the speech level: two discursive units can be opposed if they simultaneously include a common feature which join them, and a distinguishing feature which disjoin them. In order to illustrate that point, an analysis of two short amerindian myths, which Lévi-Strauss has already investigated, will be undertaken, and finally specific problems related to the interpretation of that kind of narratives will be outlined.

scholarly journals English language in Brunei: Use, policy, and status in education – A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
Claire Goode
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
English Language ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Student Experience ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bilingual Education Policy ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the literature on the status of the English language in Negara Brunei Darussalam, particularly in education. The review encompasses a total of 103 sources, including 44 journal articles, 27 book chapters, 15 books, and 17 other items (institution/organisation websites and reports, government documents, newspaper articles, and conference presentations), published between 1985 and 2020, with at least 70 sources published in the last decade. The author summarises findings from research in key areas in the Bruneian context including bilingual education, linguistic diversity, the status of English, educational policies, educational divides, and challenges to the student experience, particularly in higher education in the bilingual setting. The author found that: i) while there are concerns over the impact of English on the Malay language and on indigenous languages in the Sultanate, and apprehension around an educational divide, the majority of attitudes appear to be very positive about the use of English in Brunei, including in education; ii) the bilingual education policy has evolved over time, and now places an emphasis on English as a key competency for the 21st century; iii) the student experience in the bilingual context is a particularly under-researched area. Staff working in tertiary education can always benefit from further insights into different aspects of learning, teaching, and content delivery, which may be applicable in many settings. The paper concludes with recommendations for further research in Brunei.

scholarly journals DISCUSSION ON THE STATE AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE CRIMEAN ASSR (1921–1945)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (3) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
V. V. Kharabuga ◽  
V. A. Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Historical Basis ◽  
The One

For a long time, Crimea has been the place of a permanent ethnopolitical political conflict controlled from the outside, one of the components of which is the confrontation between the Russians, as an ethnic group and the other Slavic population of Crimea, on the one hand, and the Tatars of Crimea, on behalf of whom the extremist banned in Russia is trying to speak structure «kurultai-mejlis». The argumentation of the hypothesis designed to confirm the myth about the national (Tatar) character of the Crimean ASSR is presented. The analysis of argumentation suggests that the hypothesis is not supported by convincing evidence. More weighty should be considered the point of view that the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1921–1945. was multinational-territorial autonomy. The discussion in Ukraine of the topic of changing the status of Crimea, turning it into national Tatar autonomy is carried out by the leaders and functionaries of the extremist organization «kurultai-mejlis» in the framework of the anti-Russian propaganda flow controlled from abroad and exploits the analyzed myth as the historical basis of its claims.

Gender differentiated anthroponyms in english language and their structural features

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Alina Kutsa ◽  
◽  
Larisa Kolodina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
English Language ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Status

At the present stage of the development of linguistics, there is no single definition of the status of the genus category in English. The revision of the status of the category of the genus in English took place after the introduction of the concept of «gender» into linguistics, which contributed to the emergence of linguistic science – genderology. Thus, the grammatical category of the genus has been transformed into the linguistic and sociocultural category of gender. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the tendency of the development of anthroponymic systems, it is necessary to analyze the gender differences of personal names, considering separately and comparing the male and female anthroponymicon of language. Determining the status of the genus category is still problematic at the present stage of the development of linguistics in English language, as the grammatical category of the genus in English remains not accepted by many scholars. The article identifies and examines the gender indicators that were characteristic at different stages of the development of the anthroponymicon in English language. The research findings show that gender differentiation of personal names in English language was formed from the very beginning of the development of this system; therefore, it reflects the different ways of marking the gender affiliation of names that were characteristic at different stages of development of the anthroponymicon. In addition to the common anthroponymic suffixes, gender-particular indicators specific to English language only were identified. The results of the analysis revealed that the female anthroponymicon is more diverse than the male. Besides, in the article with the help analysis of gender differences in personal names was revealed the factors that have an impact on neutralization in the anthroponymic sphere in today's society. The analysis showed that in the anthroponymic system of English, the number of gender-indifferent personal names is 12 % of the total number of names analyzed. This result is quite natural and understandable from the point of view of the morphological structure of the language units and the absence of the category of the genus in English. The above material indicates that the genus of a personal name can be determined by correlating that name with its carrier and his or her biological article, although there are also a number of features by which its genus can be established. At the present stage of development of language and culture, there is a tendency to neutralize the gender differences of personal names. This is a testament to the exacerbation of gender equality importance and the erasure of gender frameworks and differences.

WOMEN‘S STUDIES IN SOCIOLOGY: A PERFUMED GHETTO?

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Women's Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Women’S Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

One of the fields of sociology which is experiencing a dramatic explosion is that catch‐all area of Women's Studies. Books and articles touching on women's experiences in the labour market or in the home, the education of girls or images of femininity, the impact of the law on women or sexism in the social sciences have been proliferating in the last decade. Much of the impetus has been provided by the renascent Women's Movement, and the various academic concerns echo the diverse attacks on the status quo being made by politically active women. The one thing which holds all this material together is an explicit concern to bring women to the centre of the stage in the social sciences, instead of leaving them (as they so often have been) in the wings or with mere walk‐on parts. Taking the woman's point of view is seen as a legitimate corrective to the tendency to ignore women altogether. But is this sufficient to constitute the nucleus of a new speciality within sociology, which is what seems to be happening to ‘Women's Studies’ and ‘feminist’ social science? More seriously, should sociological discussions of women be ghettoised into special courses on women in society? As a preliminary attempt to redress the balance maybe such separate development can be justified, but if that is all that happens, the enriching potential of feminist social science may well be lost to mainstream sociology. It is not just that feminist social scientists want women to be brought in to complete the picture. It is not just that they claim that half the picture is being left unexposed. The claims are often much more ambitious than that: what much feminist writing is attempting is a demonstration of the distortion in the half image which is exposed. An injection of feminist thinking into practically any sociological speciality could lead to a profound re‐orientation of that field. More than this, a feminist approach can indicate the ways in which traditional boundaries between sociological specialities can obscure women and their special position in society. Feminist social scientists throw down the gauntlet on the way in which the field of sociology has traditionally been carved up. But if women's studies are kept in their ghetto, this challenge will be lost: to me, the explicitly critical stance which feminist research takes with respect to mainstream sociology is one of its most exciting qualities, and such research has important insights to contribute to the development of the discipline.

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