Crisis transformations of socio-economic systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Tetiana IEFYMENKO ◽  

Crisis phenomena threats are growing on national and global scale against the background of tightened geopolitical and geo-economic competition. Such trends as destruction and degradation, are becoming integral parts of change in the vital function of economic agents, institutional structures at different levels. Therefore, the search for an alternative paradigm for the study and assessment of the transformations of socio-economic systems (SES) is one of the topical directions in the development of economic science. In the objective conditions of constant renewal of world economic relations, proceeding from the multilevel nature of social changes, the article substantiates the need for innovative ways to search, develop and implement strategic guidelines that exclude the raw type of economic development. From the standpoint of the self-organization theory, it specifies that an open system is, as a rule, in a state of unstable equilibrium. The article proves that the purpose of theoretical research and practical actions should be the implementation of controlled effective evolutionary and revolutionary qualitative changes. At the turn of the third millennium, under the increasing impact of periodic civilizational shocks at the stages of economic and political cycles, the determinants of SES stability change over a long period. The transformation of natural factors requires scientific understanding - from motive levers into constraints on the potential for economic growth. The growing volumes of services and the virtual economy are hardly comparable with the products of the industrial sector, while the excessive polarization of incomes hinders economic dynamics. Arguments are given that the processes of changing existing SES can be accompanied by their deformation. The forces of the fall are opposed by compensatory mechanisms of reimbursement for the loss of material, human, information resources. The author focuses on the need to organize and manage the new approaches to the management of SES changes, having in mind time and space scale of the development of integral, interconnected bodies of social and economic agencies at state, corporative as well as individual levels. Crisis shocks of SES transformation are mainly linked with reasons stemming from financialization processes, weakening of sovereignty due to the expansion of global value chains, as well as from major emergencies and disasters, unexpected climate changes, etc. The article suggests improving the conceptual apparatus of transformational changes. The leading trend in modern science is interdisciplinarity. Integration of various scientific disciplines should affect both economics and institutional, social, spiritual, ethnic, moral spheres of life.

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
V. E. Dementiev

The article is devoted to the prospects of the evolution of the problematics of economic theory in the post-COVID period. At the same time, the author proceeds from a number of methodological assumptions, including the following two. First, one of the general and enduring tasks of this theory is to anticipate the next challenges on the path of socio-economic development. Secondly, the reconstruction of history is considered in economic science as a tool not only for solving current problems, but also for predicting new challenges. For example, is it advisable to maintain the increased influence of the state on the economy in the context of COVID-19 after the end of the pandemic? This is one of the questions facing economic theory. It is given a non-trivial nature by the tendency of increasing various risks faced by socio-economic development. The challenges associated with the artificial overflow of information channels and manipulation of the behavior of economic agents require close attention. As a particularly important task of economic science, the author sees the search for ways to adapt national economies and their agents in the increased turbulence of the economic environment as a «new normality». As a result, the importance of scientific development of institutional and structural solutions that ensure the adaptability of socio-economic systems increases dramatically.


2004 ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov

The "marketocentric" economic theory is now dominating in modern science (similar to Ptolemeus geocentric model of the Universe in the Middle Ages). But market economy is only one of different types of economic systems which became the main mode of resources allocation and motivation only in the end of the 19th century. Authors point to the necessity of the analysis of both pre-market and post-market relations. Transition towards the post-industrial neoeconomy requires "Copernical revolution" in economic theory, rejection of marketocentric orientation, which has become now not only less fruitful, but also dogmatically dangerous, leading to the conservation and reproduction of "market fundamentalism".


2008 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
M. Likhachev

The article is devoted to the analysis of methodological problems in using the conception of macroeconomic equilibrium in contemporary economics. The author considers theoretical status and relevance of equilibrium conception and discusses different areas and limits of applicability of the equilibrium theory. Special attention is paid to different epistemological criteria for this theory taking into account both empirical analysis of the real stability of economic systems and the problem of unobservability of equilibrium states.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1188
Author(s):  
A.B. Kogan ◽  
A.N. Pristavka

Subject. The article presents various definitions of the efficiency concept, their changes as the economic science evolves, and describes various methods to measure company performance efficiency, ranging from a simple set of financial indicators to comprehensive systems for effectiveness evaluation. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to systematize the said definitions and identify a category that will meet the current condition of business environment. Methods. The study rests on the retrospective and comparative analysis of interpretations of the efficiency concept in the economic science. We also employ the historical and logical methods of general theoretical research. Results. We identify three approaches to the interpretation of the efficiency concept. Within the selected approaches, we consider the main methods for company performance measurement that have emerged since 1914. The paper formulates criteria, which were used to carry out the comparative analysis of these methods. The analysis enabled to trace all changes in the methods. Conclusions. We propose to use the term Integrated Company Efficiency and to develop methodological framework for measuring the comprehensive efficiency of companies operating in various industries.


2021 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
T.M. Tagiyeva ◽  

Presented is the analysis of scientific and theoretical approaches to the problem of migration in modern science. Migration is a complex concept in modern science, and therefore attracts attention of many social and humanitarian sciences. It is determined that this direction of scientific research was originated already in ancient historical science then became the subject of study of economic science. Today, thanks to increased interest in this area of social life, theoretical and methodological foundations have emerged for an integrated approach to the analysis of any social phenomenon, associated with migration. This is evident from the number of scientific publications in the world, related to the analysis and forecasting of specific processes and situations of migration. In the future, methodology of research in this area will be enriched through the use of capabilities of mathematics and statistics methods, as well as achievements of psychological science.


Author(s):  
Alexandr Matveev ◽  
Vladimir Matveev

Two processes are distinguished: globalization and free trade. The objectivity of the globalization process is substantiated. Classification of forms of integration is given. It is pointed out that the version of the process of globalization depends on the subject of its implementation and the concept (idea) on which this option is based. The systemic crisis that has engulfed all of humanity proves the perniciousness and deadlock of the further realization of integration processes on the basis of mondialism. The necessity of forming control systems based on the integration of national states is argued. A review of possible options for integration in the post-Soviet space is being made. The arguments about the mission of Russia as a leader in the integration processes in the post-Soviet space and on a global scale are presented.


Author(s):  
Oleg Sergeevich Sukharev ◽  

The article challenges the stereotype which underestimates the accomplishments of the national scientists which generate and develop the current institutional and economic dysfunction theory and provide the pragmatic opportunities for the dysfunction theory. The research aims to consider the contribution of the modern Russian institutional economic school into generating and developing the institutional effects theory with the focus on its tool segment - the theory of economic and institutional dysfunctions. Methodologically, the article is based on the economic theory of institutions, provisions of the modern theory of institutional effects, including the institution dysfunctions, management theories for the economic systems of different complexity levels, as well as the comparative analysis, elements of mathematical modeling, and solutions of the differential equations. Tool capabilities of the dysfunction theory are illustrated for the developing of management recommendations, a measurement device is created to identify a dysfunction and to apply it in order to access the quality of the institutions and economic systems, the possibilities for applying the dysfunctions in the institutional modeling are defined. To do this, a function equation for the financial support of the institution is obtained to examine the connections between the institution monetization, the quality of their functions and their dysfunctions. The differences between the lock-in and dysfunction effects which characterize their connections with the categories, including stability, efficiency/inefficiency, institutions’ quality, are specified, and a dysfunction is defined as a dynamically changing condition, while lock-in can be static. The article points out the key prospective developments of the institutional and economic dysfunction theories: 1) better tools for measuring the dysfunctions; 2) evaluation of the institutional efficiency and functional potential of the institutions, as well as the quality of the institutions and economic systems; 3) dysfunction modeling, including at the level of its connection with the macroeconomic parameters. Further research into the Russian institutional school of the economic science is seen in the development of the dysfunction theory and its methodological tools for its application to analyze different socio-economic phenomena.


2020 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Natalia Aleksandrovna Kazakova

The international strategy for the development of competitive advantages based on digitalization has not only become a powerful driver of socio-economic and technological spheres, including science and education, but also created new, digital risks that require their identification, assessment and countermeasures. The study is aimed at assessing the digitalization trends of the Russian economy in comparison with global trends, identifying digital risks and directions for the development of economic education and science. The analysis showed that the highest level of digitalization is observed in the public and financial sectors, it is also noted in some industries, which is associated with robotization and the introduction of integrated platforms. The digital environment develops methods of accounting, analysis, diagnostics and control, changing the priorities and vector of assessing business efficiency, primarily for companies associated with the creation of databases, information resources, computer software, information processing, the key capital of which is intellectual capital (digital , human, reputational). To date, the methods of business analysis of companies in the IT sector are practically not developed by economic science, and there are no officially recognized ones yet. It is clear that the information base for such analysis should be much wider than the traditionally used one, including big data analytics. At the same time, one should pay attention to the fact that the analysis of the transparency of the activities of the IT sector companies indicates their informational secrecy. Thus, the article examines digital risks caused by the growth of digital transactions in economic transactions, an increase in the share of digital assets and intellectual capital, a change in key indicators for assessing the effectiveness of companies in the digital economy, as well as the transformation of economic professions and the increased requirements of employers for the professional competencies of personnel. In this aspect, points of potential demand for information and analytical competencies and professional values have been identified, which serve as a navigator of the development processes of modern economic education and science.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Charalambos Vlados ◽  
Fotios Katimertzopoulos

This study examines the concept of Innovation from two different conceptual and theoretical prisms: the science of economics and the theoretical tradition of entrepreneurship and organizational theory which both offer a remarkable distance in the way in which innovation is perceived. This study supports the notion that, by pointing a theoretical focus based on a co-evolutionary approach, centered on the "evolutionary heart" of the capitalist business, modern economic science and business thinking will gain from bridging the study of the innovative phenomenon with analytical fertility. To achieve this, the physiological structure and organic evolution of Strategy-Technology-Management (Stra.Tech.Man) synthesis of business becomes the center of attention, perceiving ultimately the firm as an active actor and even as a major structural co-creator of the sectors of industries and the socio-economic systems which is hosted in.


Author(s):  
V. Mantatov ◽  
I. Lambaeva

The formation of a new scientific picture of the world is connected with the necessity of subjectivity. This subjectivity posits no limits for the scientific aspects of cognitive processes, but embraces a comprehensive world of spiritual activity. To choose the most effective model of social behavior, it is important to have an adequate knowledge of reality (i.e., the objective regularities of the surrounding world). Modern science reflects the vagueness of reality and, in consequence, the impossibility of using classical approaches. Increasingly, the negative phenomena of the surrounding world reflects the complexity of natural and socio-natural systems, especially on the global scale. Restrictions of the classical approaches to this complexity can be overcome within the synergistic theories or hierarchical systems theory that are becoming more and more popular. The necessity of appeal to modern theories, initiated as the result of ecological crises, stimulates the processes of new paradigm formation in science, acting often in spite of the needs and motives of society.


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