scholarly journals PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF URBAN PLANNING OF RURAL AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MO " ZORKALTSEVSKOYE RURAL SETTLEMENT»

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Daria E. Paltseva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Planning

The relevance of the work is due to the fact that today in rural settlements there is a problem when making changes to urban planning documentation in various information resources. Purpose: analysis of territorial planning documents of the Ministry of Defense "Zorkaltsevskoye rural settlement".

Development of tourism and recreation clusters in depressed rural areas of Yaroslavl region

Servis plus ◽  
10.12737/7576 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Кондакова ◽  
Tatyana Kondakova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Second Home ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
Geographical Position

The paper describes the possibility of forming a tourism and recreation cluster in depressed rural communities through a process of territorial planning (based on the example of rural settlements in Borisoglebskii and Bolsheselsky municipal districts of the Yaroslavl region). On the basis of the identified negative features of socio-economic status of the territories of rural settlements confirmed their depression and overall difficulty of further development. Substantiated what is happening now with changing functions of rural areas. As one of the potential strategic directions of development analyzed are the changes in the prevailing agrarian economy through the organization of tourist and recreational facilities. To this end, the group factors are identified that need to be supported in the implementation of this plan: a variety of tourist activities, natural and environmental, social and economic factors. In general, the article highlights that the formation of the tourist and recreation areas is conducive due to the immense open spaces, historical and cultural sites, unique landscapes, convenient geographical position. The problems of the deployment of tourist services on these territories are identified, which are mostly related to the imperfection of the legislation in relation to recreational areas, the existing practice of taxation and social and economic status. As a result, it is shown that in the procedure of spatial planning and in the process of identifying all the features and trends the functional role has changed and formation of qualitatively new areas of management has happened. Determined is the severity of the recreational functions of the system of settlement with respect to the combination of suburban settlements and second-home and production facilities.

scholarly journals Mapping and Discriminating Rural Settlements Using Gaofen-2 Images and a Fully Convolutional Network

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6062
Author(s):  
Ziran Ye ◽  
Bo Si ◽  
Yue Lin ◽  
Qiming Zheng ◽  
Ran Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Spatial Characteristic ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Multi Scale

New ongoing rural construction has resulted in an extensive mixture of new settlements with old ones in the rural areas of China. Understanding the spatial characteristic of these rural settlements is of crucial importance as it provides essential information for land management and decision-making. Despite a great advance in High Spatial Resolution (HSR) satellite images and deep learning techniques, it remains a challenging task for mapping rural settlements accurately because of their irregular morphology and distribution pattern. In this study, we proposed a novel framework to map rural settlements by leveraging the merits of Gaofen-2 HSR images and representation learning of deep learning. We combined a dilated residual convolutional network (Dilated-ResNet) and a multi-scale context subnetwork into an end-to-end architecture in order to learn high resolution feature representations from HSR images and to aggregate and refine the multi-scale features extracted by the aforementioned network. Our experiment in Tongxiang city showed that the proposed framework effectively mapped and discriminated rural settlements with an overall accuracy of 98% and Kappa coefficient of 85%, achieving comparable and improved performance compared to other existing methods. Our results bring tangible benefits to support other convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods in accurate and timely rural settlement mapping, particularly when up-to-date ground truth is absent. The proposed method does not only offer an effective way to extract rural settlement from HSR images but open a new opportunity to obtain spatial-explicit understanding of rural settlements.

scholarly journals Self-Organization of Citizens at the Rural Settlements – Look Through Pink Glasses

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
Elena S. Shomina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Changing Attitudes

For more than 30 years, Russia has been developing “territorial public self-government” – the process of self-organization of citizens at the local level (TOS in Russian). The article considers the development of TOS as a tool for involvement and participation of citizens in local self-government (LSG). In Russia at the beginning of 2020, there were more than 33 thousand TOS, half of them in rural areas. It is a slow transformation of TOS activities (from the distribution of humanitarian aid in the 1990s) before participating in National projects after 2018), as well as changing attitudes towards TOS (from lack of recognition and support – to cooperation and allocation of serious funds, up to presidential grants). On the basis of long-term included observation, positive social practices that are implemented in rural settlements, features of the daily activities of rural TOS, features of rural life, including the nature of development and individual consumption of municipal resources, environmental problems and the seizure of agricultural land and pastures are described. Rural TOS are forced to do more practical things, their projects are more labor-intensive, and the contribution of the residents themselves is more tangible and visible (engineering infrastructure, roads and sidewalks, gasification, electricity and street lighting, garbage collection, and other cultural and leisure projects): a different scale than in the city, but much greater diversity, involvement and initiative of the residents themselves. The positive experience of the TOS of Kameshkovsky rural settlement of the Vladimir region and Novopavlovsky rural settlement of the Krasnodar territory is considered. Numerous social practices are described, as well as the problems encountered in connection with the emergence of municipal districts.

Local Self-Government Powers to Establish the Target Purpose of Lands and Their Permitted Use: Analysis of Theoretical Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Liliya K. Fazlieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Uncertainty

The study aims to determine the powers of local authorities in defining the legal regime of lands and to study problems in this area. Legal uncertainty in the relationship between territorial planning and urban planning zoning, the inconsistency of the three basic federal laws regarding the powers of urban and rural settlements to establish land use and development rules have been revealed. The impossibility of replacing urban planning zoning with a territorial one is argued. The research methods are the dialectical method of cognition, general methods of formal logic, certain general research methods (systems aspect, analysis of regulatory legal sources), and specific methods of law (formal-logical method of interpretation of law, comparative legal method). Based on the study, the following conclusions are made. (1) There is still legal uncertainty on the issue of zoning, which is contained in documents of different legal force – results of territorial planning and urban planning zoning: the site plan, which is equal in the status to a regulatory legal act and rules of land use and development. At the same time, the text of the site plan does not meet the requirements of legal technology in contrast to rules of land use and development. To eliminate internal contradictions in the legislation, it is proposed to fix the correlation of the site plan and the rules of land use and development in a codified urban planning law, and to establish requirements for the development of the site plan. (2) Urban planning and land codified laws do not distinguish between the powers of urban and rural settlements in the field of approving land use and development rules (Part 3 of Article 8 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, Paragraph 1 of Article 39.30 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation). Moreover, the approval of land use and development rules was removed from the rural settlement’s issues of local importance and transferred to the municipal areas (Part 4 of Article 14 of Law No. 131-FZ). Consequently, the different interpretation of the categorical elements of issues of local importance leads to an ambiguous understanding of municipal rights and obligations. The author considers it necessary to bring the norms regarding the powers of local self-government contained in the industry laws in line with the norms of Law No. 131-FZ. (3) In order to improve the state policy on the use of the land fund of Russia, it is planned to replace urban planning zoning with territorial zoning, which involves the removal from circulation of the principle of dividing land for its intended purpose. It has been established that territorial zoning performs only the functions of detailing and concretizing the legal regime of the corresponding land plot. In this regard, the principle of dividing land into categories for the intended purpose should be considered as the main principle of legal regulation of land relations arising from the provisions of Article 9 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Inherit and Reconstruction of Chinese Rural Landscape Culture - On the Development of Chinese Rural Settlements under the Background of Fast Urbanization

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 2126-2130
Author(s):  
Qing Jiu Sun ◽  
Nor Zarifah Maliki ◽  
Rui Xue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
The City ◽  
Settlement Landscape ◽  
Creative Group

Urban and rural are the basic forms of human settlements. China is an ancient agricultural nation and the Chinese have created great agricultural civilization. Even in the modern society, there are still a huge number of populations in the rural settlement. The Chinese living on the rural areas have created abundant rural landscape culture which has been the root of the whole Chinese traditional culture. Under the influence of feng shui philosophy and Confucianism, besides meeting to the basic needs on the environment (including the natural environment and social environment) ------security, Chinese rural settlement landscapes pursue a higher level of relationship between human and the environment------harmony. But in the process of urbanization, the space expansion of urban development, the extension of modern transportation, the infiltration of tourism and commercial penetrating are making the rural landscape split and stripped off. Pastoral rural scenes are being eroded. Lacking of understanding and forward-looking, a lot of rural construction under the name of protection results in directly constructive destruction. Meanwhile, in the wave of economic development, most of the younger generations of the rural population are moving into the city and no longer dependent on the land. The rural lost its most dynamic and creative group whose values decide the future of rural landscape and its culture. Finally, after making the renew cognition and assessment on the rural landscape, there are five positive suggestions are afforded, which should be as references in order to make current Chinese rural settlement landscape culture livable and sustainable.

scholarly journals Montenegrin Rural Settlement Attributes, Problems, and Possibilities for Development According to Their Regional Affiliation

Prostor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1 (61)) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Nevena Mašanović ◽  
Nenad Lipovac ◽  
Marija Jevric
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Planning And Design

The rural areas cover a significant part of the Montenegrin territory and play an essential role in its development potential. These areas have been exposed to various (more spontaneous and less planned) transformations throughout history, which has been reflected in their particular characteristics. The three settlements, one from each region, were treated by analyzing identity attributes and complex issues of development and degradation of rural areas. This research aims to determine the reasons for the extinction of rural settlements and propose measures for preserving the existing and restoration of the missing values of their natural and cultural heritage. The planning procedures for recognizing and determining the criteria for the detection (today visible ones) and assessing the lost values of rural settlements are proposed at the end of this paper. Future planning and design processes could acquire the gained knowledge about these values and be employed through future development, through creating new planning and economic models for the rural settlements’ revival, protection, and improvement.

Small Agribusiness in Ensuring Sustainable Development of Rural Areas in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
A.I. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
O.V. Goncharenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Peasant Farmer ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Rural settlements occupy a significant part of the territory of Russia, where about 25% of the population lives and significant natural resource potential is concentrated, but the level of their socio-economic development is significantly inferior to urban ones. Increasing depressiveness of rural areas and spatial socio-economic differentiation is a systemic problem and an obstacle to the balanced development of the national economy, reduces its competitiveness due to insufficient use of economic potential, creates challenges to the economic and national security of the state. A powerful tool for countering such trends is the formation and implementation of the potential for the development of small agribusiness, which is mainly based on households created in the form of peasant (farmer) and personal subsidiary associations. The article ana-lyzes the potential of small agribusiness development in rural areas.

Retrospect of Settlement Pattern in Yakutia Based on Analysis of Population Censuses

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Gavrilyeva ◽  
E. A. Kolomak ◽  
A. I. Zakharov ◽  
K. V. Khorunova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Settlement Pattern ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Rural And Urban

The article assesses the intensity of transformation of settlement pattern in Yakutia, the largest northern region of Russia, based on an analysis of 1939-2010 censuses and contemporary statistics. Scope of the work includes the following: to assess key socio-economic results of rural and urban settlement pattern transformation in the 20th century, to determine the most persistent primary units of settlement pattern, and to identify current trends in the settlement pattern of Yakutia. The research database was built based on digitization of Federal State Statistics Service in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) population censuses archives. The period under review shows a trend toward larger size of settlements due to two parallel processes: urbanization as a result of industrial development, and compression of rural settlement system due to amalgamation of rural settlements. From 1939 to the present time, Yakutia’s settlement system has been evolving from dispersed type to large settlement type. There were two major waves in the structuring of space in Yakutia. During the first one, caused by industrialization and complete collectivization, shrinking of rural settlement system was accompanied by setup of rural and urban settlements; it started in the 1930s and lasted until late 1950s. The second wave, concurrent with controlled compression of rural settlement pattern as part of elimination of unpromising sovkhoz state farms, was associated with a full-scale development of urban settlement pattern under planned Soviet deployment. Starting from 2002, market mechanisms have changed the direction of development of settlement system and spatial structure of economic activity. Despite several constraints, which include high transportation costs, focal development, key role of mining and resource sector, distinctive features of traditional economies and agriculture, agglomeration processes have gained momentum in the region. Spatial concentration of population is taking place at relatively high rates, primarily in the core of the system - Yakutsk agglomeration. Compression capacity of settlement system in the region is far from being exhausted, as evidenced by behavior of Theil and Herfindahl-Hirschman indices, as well as by average population density of settlements.

ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-162
Author(s):  
O.D. PRITULA ◽  
◽  
S.G. DAVYDOVA ◽  
A.V. KOSTYUKOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
Territorial Systems

Currently, the analysis of the causes and consequences of differences in territorial systems (municipalities, regions) by individual social, demographic and economic indicators, as well as by the totality of their interaction, is becoming more and more significant and relevant. Achieving sustainable and integrated development of rural areas is an important task of state and municipal administration. In the study, the authors focus on the effectiveness of public administration in terms of meeting the needs of the population of rural areas, and describe the tools that provide a link between the basic conditions and the final result of management decisions. The basis of the analytical study was the degree of satisfaction of the population of the municipalities of the Novgorod region with the set of implemented measures in the context of the program of integrated development of rural settlements. The authors used the approach of constructing structural groupings to characterize and justify the composition of the municipalities of the Novgorod region in the directions (spheres) and the degree of actualization of needs. The article presents the results of the ranking of municipalities in the region in order to determine the most significant territories for the implementation of the measures of the integrated development program. Thus, the authors touch upon the aspect of assessing the potential of the territory to improve the effectiveness of using public administration tools.

scholarly journals INTERMEDIATE ENDEMICITY OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS INFECTION IN RURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECTS OF SOUTHWEST GOIÁS, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Silva PINHEIRO ◽  
Lyriane Apolinário de ARAÚJO ◽  
Karlla Antonieta Amorim CAETANO ◽  
Marcos André de MATOS ◽  
Megmar Aparecida dos Santos CARNEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Intermediate Endemicity

BackgroundRural populations present an elevated risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis A virus infection among residents of rural settlement projects of southwest Goiás, Central Brazil.MethodsA total of 466 residents were interviewed and tested for the detection of anti- hepatitis A virus antibodies by ELISA.ResultsThe global prevalence of anti- hepatitis A virus was 82.2%. In individuals aged 5-9 years and 10-19 years, the prevalence was 15% and 58.8%, respectively. Persons in the 10-19 age group, with a history of life in encampments, with more than five people per residence consuming well water, were predictors for exposure to hepatitis A virus.ConclusionOur results suggest that the hepatitis A virus endemicity in rural settlements in southwest Goiás similar to that found in the urban population of the Midwest Region, confirming the implementation of universal hepatitis A vaccination in children.

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