scholarly journals Self-Organization of Citizens at the Rural Settlements – Look Through Pink Glasses

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
Elena S. Shomina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Changing Attitudes

For more than 30 years, Russia has been developing “territorial public self-government” – the process of self-organization of citizens at the local level (TOS in Russian). The article considers the development of TOS as a tool for involvement and participation of citizens in local self-government (LSG). In Russia at the beginning of 2020, there were more than 33 thousand TOS, half of them in rural areas. It is a slow transformation of TOS activities (from the distribution of humanitarian aid in the 1990s) before participating in National projects after 2018), as well as changing attitudes towards TOS (from lack of recognition and support – to cooperation and allocation of serious funds, up to presidential grants). On the basis of long-term included observation, positive social practices that are implemented in rural settlements, features of the daily activities of rural TOS, features of rural life, including the nature of development and individual consumption of municipal resources, environmental problems and the seizure of agricultural land and pastures are described. Rural TOS are forced to do more practical things, their projects are more labor-intensive, and the contribution of the residents themselves is more tangible and visible (engineering infrastructure, roads and sidewalks, gasification, electricity and street lighting, garbage collection, and other cultural and leisure projects): a different scale than in the city, but much greater diversity, involvement and initiative of the residents themselves. The positive experience of the TOS of Kameshkovsky rural settlement of the Vladimir region and Novopavlovsky rural settlement of the Krasnodar territory is considered. Numerous social practices are described, as well as the problems encountered in connection with the emergence of municipal districts.

scholarly journals Kırsal Alanlarda Peyzaj Karakter Analizi “Kastamonu-Gölköy ve Yakın Çevresi Örneği”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1720-1725
Author(s):  
Sevgi Öztürk ◽  
Özge Vural ◽  
Kaan Meydan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
Landscape Character ◽  
Large Soil ◽  
Soil Groups ◽  
Character Types

The planning and management of landscapes have been reviewed in the European Landscape Convention (ELC) and the need to identify landscape character areas has been emphasized. The determination of Landscape Character Types (LCT) at the local level is of great importance in order to ensure sustainable development in rural areas, correct management of the shelter values and determination of usage strategies. In this study, which aims to evaluate rural settlements with character determination and sustainability approach, the landscape variables of Kastamonu-Gölköy settlement and its immediate surroundings are mapped and analysed with Landscape Character Analysis (LCA) approach. For this purpose, the geology, large soil groups, geomorphology, slope groups, are a usage maps of the area were digitized with Geographic Information Systems software and character types were determined by synthesizing them. As a result of the study, 133 landscape character types were determined. It is thought that the acquired character types will serve as a base in rural planning and landscape management studies carried out at the national and local level and will contribute to the formation of landscape policies.

scholarly journals Management of rural territories land resources in decentralization conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Andriy Sava ◽  
Borys Sydoruk ◽  
Roman Voloshyn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Community Needs

Introduction. Under decentralization, there is a gradual transfer of powers and resources to local governments. In this case, one of the most urgent problem for rural areas, is the organization of rational land management from the position of financial support improving through the disposing of lands, and using available lands for community needs. Methods. General and special methods – monographic and abstract-logical, methods of generalization, comparison and analysis have been applied for data processing. Results. During the decentralization reform, it was found that 488 rural united territorial communities were formed, covering almost half the area of all UTCs created. In addition, nearly 800 village councils joint to the city-based UTCs. The ways of the redistribution of powers on the UTC land resources management are established at the expense of acquiring their own powers, obtaining delegated ones, as well as acquiring the rights of other institutions. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of managing land resources of rural communities at the local level. It has been determined that the applicable law restrict communal land use of UTC. At the same time, the importance of agricultural land outside the settlement transfer to the disposal of communities is emphasized. The importance of the land payment in the structure of local budget revenues is analyzed in detail, the key problems and contradictions that accompany the process of land management powers reallocation are identified. Suggestions are made to improve the rural communities land resources management through their inventory, accounting and monitoring, revision of rental rates for communal property, strengthening control over compliance with the terms of land use agreements, use of free lands in the interests of communities. Discussion. Further studies in this area are going to be aimed at developing a comprehensive mechanism for ensuring effective management of land resources in rural areas after the completion of decentralization. Keywords: land resources, rural territories, decentralization, united territorial communities, local governments.

scholarly journals Preserving the socio-cultural traditions of rural areas in the social practices of youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 14005
Author(s):  
Valentina Rodionova ◽  
Lyudmila Shvatchkina ◽  
Galina Mogilevskaya ◽  
Vyacheslav Bilovus ◽  
Valentina Ivashova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Social

The article presents the results of a study of the process of preserving the socio-cultural traditions of rural areas in the social practices of young people. The relevance of issues of social reproduction of traditional culture in the actions of the younger generation is important for the preservation of the identity of local and regional communities. It is a kind of counterbalance to blurring the boundaries of belonging to a social, national, and confessional group. Maintaining adherence to traditional values, lifestyle and the choice of rural settlements by young people for living, it ultimately opposes the processes of rural areas depopulation and ensures their sustainable development.

scholarly journals PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF URBAN PLANNING OF RURAL AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MO " ZORKALTSEVSKOYE RURAL SETTLEMENT»

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Daria E. Paltseva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Planning

The relevance of the work is due to the fact that today in rural settlements there is a problem when making changes to urban planning documentation in various information resources. Purpose: analysis of territorial planning documents of the Ministry of Defense "Zorkaltsevskoye rural settlement".

THE RURAL TOURISM PRODUCT: STRUCTURE AND FORMATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Светлана Андреянова ◽  
Svetlana Andreyanova ◽  
Юлия Елфимова ◽  
Yuliya Elfimova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Stavropol Region

The article deals with the existing resource base of the Stavropol region, which could become the basis for the development of rural tourism. The basis of this work is the notion that rural tourism at the global level is able to be the development driver of other activities in rural areas. Rural tourism can be evolved at the regional level in view of natural and cultural heritage of specific areas, and on the local level can change the relationship model "mannature" in a particular territorial point. The methodology of the study involves various types of the analysis of territory tourist potential, among which the leading role belongs to the cartographic analysis. The result of this work is the development of rural tourism routs in the destinations of Stavropol region: "Come to our trust by the call of the heart", "Abundant Cossack Land" and "In the wake of Cossack faith". At present, together with the administration of rural settlements and districts of the regions these routes are being tested and revised using public opinion polls of the first tourist groups. The scope of research results application is the activity of domestic tourism tour operators that distribute their services in Stavropol region. Persons involved in regional studies and engaged in the development of new tourist destinations in the region may also be interested in the obtained information. This study is limited by the territory of Stavropol region, but the results can be applied to other regions of the Russian Federation. Such types wine tourism, ethno-tourism, fishing and hunting, and so forth are the promising di- rections of future research.

scholarly journals Mapping and Discriminating Rural Settlements Using Gaofen-2 Images and a Fully Convolutional Network

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6062
Author(s):  
Ziran Ye ◽  
Bo Si ◽  
Yue Lin ◽  
Qiming Zheng ◽  
Ran Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Spatial Characteristic ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Multi Scale

New ongoing rural construction has resulted in an extensive mixture of new settlements with old ones in the rural areas of China. Understanding the spatial characteristic of these rural settlements is of crucial importance as it provides essential information for land management and decision-making. Despite a great advance in High Spatial Resolution (HSR) satellite images and deep learning techniques, it remains a challenging task for mapping rural settlements accurately because of their irregular morphology and distribution pattern. In this study, we proposed a novel framework to map rural settlements by leveraging the merits of Gaofen-2 HSR images and representation learning of deep learning. We combined a dilated residual convolutional network (Dilated-ResNet) and a multi-scale context subnetwork into an end-to-end architecture in order to learn high resolution feature representations from HSR images and to aggregate and refine the multi-scale features extracted by the aforementioned network. Our experiment in Tongxiang city showed that the proposed framework effectively mapped and discriminated rural settlements with an overall accuracy of 98% and Kappa coefficient of 85%, achieving comparable and improved performance compared to other existing methods. Our results bring tangible benefits to support other convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods in accurate and timely rural settlement mapping, particularly when up-to-date ground truth is absent. The proposed method does not only offer an effective way to extract rural settlement from HSR images but open a new opportunity to obtain spatial-explicit understanding of rural settlements.

Long-Term Care Planning, Preparedness, and Response Among Rural Long-Term Care Providers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tiffany A. Radcliff ◽  
Jennifer A. Horney ◽  
Aram Dobalian ◽  
Blanca O. Macareno ◽  
Umar Y. Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Communication And Coordination

Abstract Objective: Rural Long-term Care (LTC) providers face unique challenges when planning, preparing for, and responding to disasters. We sought to better understand challenges and identify best practices for LTC in rural areas. Methods: Case studies including key informant interviews and site visits were conducted with LTC staff and emergency planning, preparedness, and response partners in three rural communities. Themes were identified across sites using inductive coding. Results: Communication across disaster phases continues to be a challenge for LTC providers in rural communities for all disaster types. Communication challenges limit LTC providers’ ability to address patient needs during emergencies and limit the resilience of providers and patients to future disasters. Limited coordination among local leadership and LTC providers prevents dissemination of information, resources, and services, and slows response and recovery time. Including LTC providers as stakeholders in planning and exercises may improve communication and coordination. Conclusion: More than two decades into efforts to increase preparedness of health care systems to all hazards, rural LTC facilities still face challenges related to communication and coordination. Agencies at the federal, state, and local level should include input from rural LTC stakeholders to address gaps in communication and coordination and increase their disaster resilience.

scholarly journals Orienting the explotation of specific products for rural tourism development in An Giang province

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (X3) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Sen Van Vo ◽  
Loan Thanh Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
New Countryside ◽  
Statistical Yearbook

An Giang is one of leading agricultural provinces An Giang is one of leading agricultural provinces of the Mekong Delta. With the extension of agricultural land over 79.95% of the entire province’s surface area and 69,25% of the population living in rural areas (Statistical Yearbook of An Giang Province, 2016), An Giang possesses all characteristics of rural settlements. Field observation shows that the development of rural tourism is, in many ways, proper to actual conditions of the province. Recently developed, rural tourism has brought positive change to provincial tourism industry, as well as to social, cultural and economic life of rural communities. Moreover, rural tourism has been contributing to the success of the governmental program of Building New Countryside. This paper analyzes the potential, actual situation and specific products of rural tourism in An Giang, in order to propose a suitable exploitation of rural specific tourism products for the province.

Source to Sea – Investigation of Microplastics in an agricultural catchment in Eastern England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertruda Zieniute ◽  
Daniel Magnone ◽  
Mark Macklin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Shellfish Aquaculture ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Riverbed Sediments ◽  
River Catchments ◽  
Environmental Compartments

<p>Global plastic demand has led to a growing abundance of microplastics being detected across all environmental compartments. These microplastics pose a long-term health risk to ecosystems through accumulation, ingestion and leaching of chemicals. Knowledge of microplastics in river catchments has been limited due to their complexity, however as microplastics have a terrestrial origin, freshwater systems are considered to be a key pathway to other environments. They can transport microplastics to marine environments, act as temporary and long-term storage and aid degradation of larger plastics into smaller fragments that enter the aquatic system.</p><p>As microplastics are linked to anthropogenic sources, much of the focus has been placed on urban and industrial areas, but in this study, we aim to assess a rural, agricultural catchment. River Witham catchment in Eastern England covers the area of 3,000km<sup>2</sup> with a population of ~400,000. The river provides important drainage for the high-grade agricultural land in the fens and it discharges into the Wash, which is England’s largest nature reserve as well as an important area for shellfish aquaculture.</p><p>This presentation will address the preliminary findings of this project by detailing the spatial variability of microplastics storage in riverbed sediments in an agricultural catchment. Data suggests that microplastic concentration could be as high in rural areas as it is in urban areas. The findings are expected to help improve the knowledge of microplastic contamination on a catchment level and to act as a basis for regional environmental protection.</p>

Inherit and Reconstruction of Chinese Rural Landscape Culture - On the Development of Chinese Rural Settlements under the Background of Fast Urbanization

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 2126-2130
Author(s):  
Qing Jiu Sun ◽  
Nor Zarifah Maliki ◽  
Rui Xue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
The City ◽  
Settlement Landscape ◽  
Creative Group

Urban and rural are the basic forms of human settlements. China is an ancient agricultural nation and the Chinese have created great agricultural civilization. Even in the modern society, there are still a huge number of populations in the rural settlement. The Chinese living on the rural areas have created abundant rural landscape culture which has been the root of the whole Chinese traditional culture. Under the influence of feng shui philosophy and Confucianism, besides meeting to the basic needs on the environment (including the natural environment and social environment) ------security, Chinese rural settlement landscapes pursue a higher level of relationship between human and the environment------harmony. But in the process of urbanization, the space expansion of urban development, the extension of modern transportation, the infiltration of tourism and commercial penetrating are making the rural landscape split and stripped off. Pastoral rural scenes are being eroded. Lacking of understanding and forward-looking, a lot of rural construction under the name of protection results in directly constructive destruction. Meanwhile, in the wave of economic development, most of the younger generations of the rural population are moving into the city and no longer dependent on the land. The rural lost its most dynamic and creative group whose values decide the future of rural landscape and its culture. Finally, after making the renew cognition and assessment on the rural landscape, there are five positive suggestions are afforded, which should be as references in order to make current Chinese rural settlement landscape culture livable and sustainable.

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