scholarly journals CHANGE OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY IN COWS WHEN REPLACING SOY GRAINS IN DIETS WITH EXTRUDED LUPINE

Author(s):  
Zinaida Fedorova ◽  
Vladimir Zarudnyy

The positive effect of extruded lupine grain in the composition of compound feed on the increase in milk productivity of cows was established, which made it possible to receive an additional 112 kg of milk and profit from the sale of milk — 1635 rubles on average per 1 head for the entire study period (75 days). An improvement in the qualitative composition of milk was revealed: the mass fraction of fat in cows in the experimental group was increased to 4.13%, compared to 3.87% in the control group; the mass fraction of protein in cows in the experimental group was 3.38%, while in cows in the control it was 3.27%.

Author(s):  
Ю.М. СМИРНОВА ◽  
А.В. ПЛАТОНОВ

Изучены особенности пищевого поведения коров-первотелок при скармливании ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов. Для изучения влияния пробиотиков на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца жвачных проводился опыт в условиях хозяйства Вологодской области. Были сформированы 3 группы первотелок черно-пестрой породы по 12 голов методом пар-аналогов с учетом кровности, удоя матерей за наивысшую лактацию, живой массы, количества дойных дней после отела и суточного удоя. Животные контрольной группы получали основной рацион,  коровам I опытной группы дополнительно скармливали по 50 г на 1 голову в сутки кормовую добавку на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца коров, а II опытной — такое же количество добавки на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца оленей. Продолжительность скармливания добавок составляла 90 дней. В результате исследований было установлено, что использование ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов положительно повлияло на пищевую активность и уровень молочной продуктивности первотелок. Коровы I и II опытных групп, получавшие дополнительно к основному рациону ферментативно-пробиотические препараты в сравнении с контрольной группой имели более высокие показатели по затратам времени на потребление корма — 8 и 25 мин., соответственно. Время, затраченное на жвачку, у первотелок II опытной группы было больше на 12 мин., чем у животных контрольной группы, в результате индекс пищевой активности у них был выше на 0,026 по сравнению с контролем. Использование добавок способствовало увеличению молочной продуктивности коров I и II опытных групп, по сравнению с контрольной, на 207 и 151 кг. Полученные результаты подтверждают положительное влияние ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов в кормлении коров, так как они способствуют повышению их пищевой активности и молочной продуктивности. The features of first-born cows’ nutritional behavior when feeding enzyme-probiotic preparations have been studied. To study the effect of probiotics based on the ruminants’ cellulolytic rumen bacteria, an experiment on a farm in the Vologda Oblast has been conducted. There were formed 3 groups of black-and-white first-born cows of 12 heads by the method of pairs-analogues, taking into account pedigree, mothers’ milk yield for the highest lactation, live weight, the number of milking days after calving and daily milk yield. The animals of the control group received the main diet, the cows of the I experimental group were additionally fed 50 g per 1 head per day of a feed additive based on cellulolytic bacteria of cow rumen, and the II experimental group were fed the same amount of an additive based on cellulolytic bacteria of deer rumen. The duration of feeding the additives was 90 days. The research found that the use of enzyme-probiotic preparations had a positive effect on the first-born cows’ nutritional activity and milk productivity level. The cows of the I and II experimental groups who received enzyme-probiotic preparations in addition to the main diet had higher indicators for the time spent on feed consumption in comparison with the control group — 8 and 25 minutes, respectively. The time spent on rumination was 12 minutes longer in the first group of experimental animals than in the control group; as a result, their food activity index was higher by 0.026 compared to the control group. The use of additives contributed to an increase in the milk productivity of cows of the I and II experimental groups, compared with the control group, by 207 and 151 kg. The obtained results confirm the positive effect of enzyme-probiotic preparations when feeding cows, as they help to increase their nutritional activity and milk productivity.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.В. Ляшенко ◽  
И.В. Каешова ◽  
А.В. Губина ◽  
Н.В. Сичкар

Молочное скотоводство России должно быть конкурентоспособным на внешнем и внутреннем рынках. Развитие отрасли обеспечивается за счет формирования в различных регионах широкой сети крупных специализированных молочных комплексов, оснащенных современным высокотехнологическим оборудованием, укомплектованных высокопродуктивным скотом и реализующих инновационные технологии производства молока. Формирование маточного стада молочных комплексов осуществляется, как правило, за счет импортного поголовья высокопродуктивного голштинского скота. Исследованиями ряда ученых установлено, что у завезенных из-за рубежа животных отмечают проблемы с адаптацией к иным специфическим условиям содержания. Поэтому изучение адаптационных способностей импортного поголовья представляет научный интерес. Поскольку в каждом регионе увеличивается количество голштинского скота, выращенного в условиях российских ферм и комплексов, является актуальной сравнительная оценка продуктивных и племенных качеств импортных и отечественных коров с учетом происхождения, зоны разведения и возраста. Кроме улучшения условий содержания скота и методов селекционно-племенной работы на молочных комплексах используют современные способы совершенствования рационов кормления животных, в том числе включение в рацион пробиотических добавок. В статье приведены результаты оценки молочной продуктивности импортных (венгерских и датских) и отечественных коров-первотелок разных регионов в условиях современных молочных комплексов с интенсивной технологией производства молока. Установлено, что голштинский скот разного происхождения отличается высокой молочной продуктивностью и хорошей адаптацией к условиям содержания и кормления, а имеющиеся различия в уровне продуктивности, очевидно, связаны с конкретными местными условиями региона и технологией. В ООО «РАО «Наровчатское» удой за 305 дней лактации у венгерских коров-первотелок больше, чем у российских на 13,7 % (р ≤ 0,001), массовая доля жира в молоке на 0,15 % (р ≤ 0,05), а массовая доля белка в молоке на 0,18 % (р ≤ 0,001). В ООО «Грин Агро-Сахалин» у коров-первотелок отечественного происхождения удой был выше на 3,1 %, чем у сверстниц из Дании. Однако, достоверной разности между группами не выявлено. По массовой доли жира и белка в молоке достоверной разности между группами не отмечено. Продуктивный потенциал исследуемого поголовья пока не реализован ни одной группой животных. Использование пробиотического препарата «Ветоспорин-актив» показало, что у коров опытной группы удой за лактацию увеличился на 6,7 % (р < 0,05) в сравнении с контрольной группой. По содержанию массовой доли жира и белка в молоке коров опытной группы достоверных различий не обнаружено. Dairy cattle breeding in Russia should be competitive in foreign and domestic markets. The development of the industry is ensured by the formation in various regions of a wide network of large specialized dairy complexes equipped with modern high-tech equipment, staffed with highly productive cattle, and implementing innovative milk production technologies. The formation of the broodstock of dairy complexes is carried out, as a rule, due to the import of livestock of highly productive Holstein cattle. Studies by a number of scientists have found that animals imported from abroad have problems adapting to other specific conditions of housing. Therefore, the study of the adaptive abilities of imported livestock is of scientific interest. As the number of Holstein cattle raised in Russian farms and complexes is increasing in each region, a comparative assessment of the productive and breeding qualities of imported and domestic cows is relevant, taking into account the origin, breeding zone and age. In addition to improving livestock conditions and breeding methods in dairy complexes, modern methods of improving animal feeding diets are used, inter alia the inclusion of probiotic additives in the diet. The article presents the results of the evaluation of the milk productivity of imported (Hungarian and Danish) and domestic first-calf heifers from different regions in modern dairy complexes with intensive milk production technology. It was established that Holstein cattle of different origin is characterized by high milk productivity and good adaptation to conditions of housing and feeding, and the existing differences in the level of productivity are obviously related to the specific local conditions of the region and technology. In OOO RAO Narovchatskoye (LLC), milk yield for 305 days of lactation in Hungarian first-calf heifers was 13.7 % more than in Russian cows (p ≤ 0.001), the mass fraction of fat in milk was 0.15 % (p ≤ 0.05), and the mass fraction of protein in milk was 0.18 % (p ≤ 0.001). At OOO Green Agro-Sakhalin (LLC), the milk yield of first-calf heifers of domestic origin was 3.1 % higher than that of the herdmates from Denmark. However, no significant difference between the groups was revealed. According to the mass fraction of fat and protein in milk, no significant difference between the groups was noted. The productive potential of the studied livestock has not yet been realized by any group of animals. The use of the probiotic preparation Vetosporin-Active showed that in the cows of the experimental group, the milk yield for lactation increased by 6.7 % (p <0.05) in comparison with the control group. No significant differences were found in the content of the mass fraction of fat and protein in the milk of cows of the experimental group.


1970 ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Yu.H. Kropyvka ◽  
V.S. Bomko

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of feeding different levels of mixed-ligande complex of zinc, manganese and cobalt with Suplex Se to high-yielding cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed in the first period of lactation and their impact on feed consumption, productivity and hematological parameters of blood. Methods. Five groups (one control and four experimental) of highly productive cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed, 10 heads each, were selected for the research at «Terezyne» farm, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region, on the principle of analogues. Experimental cows were fed the same rations. For cows of the control group the optimal dose of a mixed-ligande complex of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt was used, which was established in a previous experiment with concentration in 1 kg of dry matter (DM) of feed, mg: zinc – 60.8; manganese – 60.8 and cobalt – 0.78. In the 2nd experimental group, concentration of those trace elements was higher compared to the control by 10%, and in the 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups, respectively, 10, 20 and 30% lower. Results. The best results in terms of milk productivity were obtained from cows of the 4th experimental group. For 80 days of the experiment from cows of the 1st control group 3080 kg of milk of natural fat content was obtained, and of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups – respectively 48, 112, 200 and 136 kg, or by 1.6; 3.6; 6.5 and 4.4% more. Lower doses of micronutrients meet the needs of highly productive cows in them, which has a positive effect on the reproductive functions of animals. The most effective was the dose for the cows of the 4th experimental group, where duration of the service period was 78.6 days against 91.9 days in the 1st control group, and one fertile insemination in this group took 1.8 times at 3.1 times in control. Analysis of hematological parameters of the experimental cows shows that different levels of mixed-ligande complexes of zinc, manganese and cobalt in concentrated feeds have a positive effect on the body and health of lactating cows. Conclusions. The best results of milk productivity and reproductive function were obtained from cows of the 4th experimental group, where concentration of zinc, manganese and cobalt due to their mixed-ligande complexes in 1 kg of DM feed was, mg: zinc – 42.6; manganese – 42.6; cobalt – 0.55. This dose of trace elements had a positive effect on the consumption of animal feed, their unit cost and hematological parameters of cows' blood.


Author(s):  
E. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. A. Dultsev ◽  
E. V. Safin

Goal of research - the study aims to examine the osteopathic profi le of children with dysarthria and to develop recommendations for osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in 2-3 year old children presenting this pathology.Materials and methods. 30 2-3 year old children with the symptoms of dysarthria took part in the research. All the children were divided into 2 groups: the control group of 15 children received standard treatment, and the experimental group of 15 children received both standard and osteopathic treatment. The dysarthria severity and the osteopathic profi le were evaluated with account of the number of somatic dysfunctions at global, regional, and local levels.Results. The osteopathic correction was shown to have a positive effect on dysarthria severity. The study established a correlation between the dysarthria severity in children and the number of somatic dysfunctions at the local level.Conclusion. The study suggests using osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in the complex therapy of dysarthria in children.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-95
Author(s):  
Daniele Artoni ◽  
Valentina Benigni ◽  
Elena Nuzzo

Over the last three decades, a growing number of studies have investigated the effects of instruction on the acquisition of pragmatic features in L2. The bulk of this research has focused mainly on the teaching of English as a second/foreign language. However, instructional pragmatic studies in L2-Russian are lacking. The main purpose of our study is to contribute towards filling this gap by analysing the effects of pragmatic instruction on the acquisition of two speech acts by Italian learners of Russian. Furthermore, we aim to explore whether the Multimodal Russian Corpus (MURCO), a multimedia subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus, can be an effective tool for teaching speech acts in L2-Russian. Our research was composed of one experimental group (n = 18) and one control group (n = 11); each was composed of two intact classes of Italian university students at an intermediate level of L2-Russian, who were pre- and post-tested using a written discourse completion task. The experimental group was subjected to a programme of pragmatic instruction – eight thirty-minute MURCO-based lessons devoted to requests and advice, while the control group was taught according to the standard syllabus, that is, with no pragmatic instruction. The results revealed that the use of the target pragmatic features varied significantly in the experimental group, but not in the control group, thus showing a general positive effect of the instructional treatment based on the MURCO corpus. However, some limitations were identified with regard to the usability of this tool by teachers and learners.


Author(s):  
S. Sukhanova ◽  
N. Pozdnyakova ◽  
F. Yaroslavtsev

The results of researches on the development of new mineral feed additives based on raw materials produced by Uralchem and the study of the eff ectiveness of their use in the rations of lactating cows have been presented in the article. The experiment has been carried out in the conditions of LLC “PF Barabinskoe” in the Dalmatovsky area in the Kurgan region where 3 groups of lactating cows of Black-and-White breed have been formed. Animals in the control group have been received the ration adopted in the farm, the 1st experimental group with the additive RusMA No. 1 at a dose of 150 g, the 2nd experimental group– with the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g. The use of experimental mineral additives in feeding lactating cows allowed us to increase their milk productivity and profi tability of production. At the same time, the best eff ectiveness was shown by the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g/head/day. The use of RusMA additives during the experiment period (105 days) allowed to increase the milk productivity of cows in the 1st experimental group by 6,03 % and in the 2nd experimental group by 8,24 %. Taking into account the fat content in milk, this diff erence was 6,31 and 8,53 %, respectively. The energy value of milk from cows of the experimental groups was higher compared to the control group by 2,45 and 1,76 %, respectively. According to the content of dry matter in milk, cows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded the control and 1st experimental group by 0,39 and 0,12 abs.%, respectively. The maximum milk fat content has been observed in the milk of cows of the 1st experimental group by 0,03 and 0,01 abs.% more than in the control and 2nd experimental groups, respectively. In terms of protein content, the cows of the 2nd experimental group signifi cantly exceeded the control group by 0,10 abs.% and the 1st experimental by 0,04 abs.%. The content of milk sugar in the 2nd experimental group was higher than in the control by 0,30 abs.% and compared to the 1st experimental by 0,11 %. Signifi cantly more calcium and phosphorus were contained in the milk of cows of the 2nd experimental group by 4,58 % (Р ≤ 0,001) and 2,86 % (Р ≤ 0,05), compared with the control group. The expenditures of feed in the EFU for the production of 1 kg of milk in animals of the 2nd experimental group was less by 5,13 % than in control cows and by 2,63 % compared to the 1st experimental group. The prime cost of 1 centner of milk was lower in the 2nd experimental group by 3,94 %, in the 1st experimental group by 2,65 % compared to the control group. The level of profi tability of milk production in the 2nd experimental group was higher by 9,0 and 1,0 abs.% in comparison with the control and 1st experimental groups, respectively.


The article is devoted to the solution of an urgent problem- influence of different lighting modes on the dairy productivity of cows. 2 groups of cows with 20 heads each were formed. In control group, light in the cowshed was 50-75 Lux for a light period of 7.5 h in January to 16.5 h in June, and in experimental group - 150-200 Lux and 16 h, respectively. It was found that the intensity and duration of illumination affects physiological state, reproductive ability and milk productivity of cows. In the experimental group of cows, compared with the control group, hemoglobin content in blood increased by 4.6% (P < 0.01), red blood cells - by 20.6% (P < 0.05), total protein - by 11.2% (P < 0.001), glucose - by 39.1% (P < 0.05). There was a tendency to increase the total calcium and inorganic phosphorus in blood serum of cows of the experimental group. The level of alkaline phosphatase in blood serum of cows in the control group was 71.5% (P < 0.01) higher than that of cows in the experimental group. Milk yield per 1 cow in the experimental cowshed was 433 kg more than in the control. The cost of 1 kg of milk in the experimental group was 0.94 rubles lower, and the profitability of milk production and sales is 9.42% higher than in the control group. To increase the milk productivity of cows, it is recommended to increase light level in barns for tethered keeping to 150-200 Lux, with the duration of lighting in the winter and transition periods of year up to 16 hours per day.


2020 ◽  
pp. 193864002098092
Author(s):  
Cornelia Keyser ◽  
Abhiram Bhashyam ◽  
Abdurrahman Abdurrob ◽  
Jeremy T. Smith ◽  
Eric Bluman ◽  
...  

Background Previous research indicates low disposal rates of excess postoperative narcotics, leaving them available for diversion or abuse. This study examined the effect of introducing a portable disposal device on excess opiate opioid disposal rates after lower extremity orthopaedic surgery. Methods This was a single site randomized control trial within an outpatient orthopaedic clinic. All patients 18 years or older, undergoing outpatient foot and ankle surgery between December 1, 2017 and August 1, 2018 were eligible. Patients were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive standard opioid disposal instructions or a drug deactivation device at 2-week postoperative appointments. Participants completed an anonymous survey at 6-week postoperative appointments. Results Of the 75 patients surveyed, 68% (n = 26) of the experimental group and 56% (n = 21) of the control group had unused opioid medication. Of these, 84.6% of patients who were given Deterra Drug Deactivation System deactivation pouches safely disposed of excess medication, compared with 38% of controls (P = .003). When asked if they would use a disposal device for excess medication in the future, 97.4% (n = 37) of the experimental and 83.8% (n = 31) of the control group reported that they would. Conclusions Providing a portable disposal device with postoperative narcotic prescriptions may increase safe disposal rates of excess opioid medication following lower extremity orthopaedic surgery. Levels of Evidence Level I


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Sergey Anikin ◽  
Natalia Shemuranova ◽  
Natalia Garifullina ◽  
Andrey Filatov ◽  
Alexander Sapozhnikov

Abstract The aim of the research was to establish the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive “Lamarin Saldonum.” The feed additive contains Japanese kelp, milk thistle, to increase the milk productivity during the milking period. The studies were conducted on 40 cows of the black-and-white Holstein breed at the age of 2–4 lactation and the amount of milk for the last lactation not less than 7,500 kg. The cows were divided into 4 groups (GE1, GE2, GE3, GC) of 10 heads in each. Cows GE1, GE2, GE3 received 30 days before calving daily feed additive in doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 g/kg, respectively, for 60 days. In the GC animals didn’t receive the feed additive (control group). Control milking was performed every 10 days. Using of feed additive in the ration increased milk productivity. In the 1st month of lactation, the average daily amount of milk in GC was 24.00±0.93 kg, which is 7.4%, 19.6% (P &lt; 0.01), 7.4% less than in GE1, GE2 and GE3, respectively. In the 2nd month, the highest average daily amount of milk in GE2 and GE3, which is 13.4% (P &lt; 0.01) and 4.6% more than the GC, respectively. In the 3rd month, the average daily amount of milk in GE1, GE2, and GE3 was 30.22±2.44 kg, 39.57±2.68 kg, 35.11±2.59 kg, respectively, which is 6.8%, 39.9% (P &lt; 0.01), 24.1% more than in GC. The mass fraction of fat in milk in animals GE1, GE2, GE3 was 0.2–0.92%(P &lt; 0.01) higher than in GC. In the second month of lactation, the mass fraction of protein in GE2 was higher by 0.24% (P &lt; 0.01), in GE3–by 0.14 (P &lt; 0.05) relative to GC. At the 3rd month of lactation, the protein content in milk was 0.29% higher in GE2 (P &lt; 0.001) and GE3-by 0.21% (P &lt; 0.001) than in GC.


2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Luboš Zábranský ◽  
Miloslav Šoch ◽  
Pavel Novák ◽  
Jan Brouček ◽  
Anna Šimková ◽  
...  

Abstract the aim of our study was to evaluate influence of probiotic agents (Lactovita) and seaweed extracts (Biopolym) with antidiarrheal effects on the prevention of diarrhoea in calves. In the experiment 22 experimental and 22 control calves were observed. The results of the observed incidence of diarrhoea in the control and experimental groups showed a positive effect of probiotic Lactovita and seaweed extracts Biopolymer. 32% of calves in the experimental group and 45% of calves in the control group became sick. Unfortunately, we could not demonstrate the statistical significance of these differences. The weight gains found in the 4th week after birth were by 37.6% higher in the group with Lactovita and Biopolym than in the control group.


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