scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF LIVESTOCK BASED ON MODERN FEED PRODUCTION

Author(s):  
Nikolay Sitnikov

The state of animal husbandry in the country, directions of intensification of the industry, factors that restrain the growth of economic efficiency of animal husbandry, the influence of feed production on the development of animal husbandry are analyzed. The directions of increasing the economic efficiency of forage production by increasing the proportion of proteins in the feed used, improving their structure by expanding the crops of perennial legumes and legume-cereal grass mixtures are proposed.

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
V. G. Grebennikov ◽  
I. A. Shipilov ◽  
O. V. Khonina ◽  
L. R. Ashibokova

Relevance. An analysis of the development of feed production in the Stavropol Territory shows that at present, due to the low productivity of natural forage lands, the level of feed production does not meet the requirements for the development of animal husbandry. Illiterate anthropogenic influence in the dry-steppe regions of the region, where about 70% of the number of sheep and 30% of the number of beef cattle are located, led to the fact that up to 300 thousand hectares of hayfields and pastures were subjected to erosion and deflation. However, in recent years, the process of improving forage land has been reduced to a minimum. Therefore, the process of restoring the forage productivity of hayfields and pastures should be given close attention. To this end, in the zone of dry steppes we conducted research on the selection of perennial legumes and grasses of a new generation to create highly productive grassland agrophytocenoses of long-term use.Methods. The experiments were carried out in the conditions of arid and extremely arid zones of the Stavropol Territory. The objects of research were perennial legumes and cereals and their herb mixtures. Restoration of degraded hayfields and pastures was carried out by means of amelioration and superficial improvement.Results. According to our research, by enriching the degenerated grass with valuable legumes and cereals in terms of forage it is possible to significantly increase its productivity and quality. In extremely arid and arid zones the most effective mixtureswere ones involving 4 and 5 components, which yield reached 15.3–23.8 t/ha of green mass, and the yield of feed units per 1 ha was 1.9–2.6 t/ha. The increase in the productivity of the improved herbage had a positive effect on the feed capacity of the land, which increased to 0.83–1.30 conventional heads per 1 ha.


2020 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
A.N. Stavtsev ◽  
Andrey Nikolaevich Osipov ◽  
Hatimat Nabievna Hasanova

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
S.A. Belov ◽  
I.V. Busin

The article reviews four existing technologies for replacing engine oil and a method for determining its suitability for improving economic efficiency. It is established that the oil is replaced according to the need in accordance with the defect indicators. This technology of oil condition is characterized by a more complete use of its resource. The frequency of replacement is determined by the indicators of condition, which is monitored by special sensors built into the engine lubrication system. However, the difficulty of using this technology is due to the lack of high-quality devices for monitoring the state of running engine oil in the engine.


Author(s):  
Dick M. Carpenter

For decades, scholars have debated the purpose of U.S. education, but too often ignored how non-education-related power brokers define education or the requisite consequences.[Qu: Is there a different way of phrasing this? I'm not sure, in reading it, what you intend "the requisite consequences" to mean. Does this mean the results of education, or the consequences of inaccurate definitions of it? Also, may we rephrase "non-education-related power brokers" to something like "power brokers without education experience"?]This study examines how one of the most prominent categories of U.S. leaders, state governors, defines education and discusses the policy implications. We examine gubernatorial rhetoric—that is, public speeches—about education, collected from State of the State speeches from 2001 to 2008. In all, one purpose gains overwhelmingly more attention—economic efficiency. As long as governors and the general public, seen enthymematically through gubernatorial rhetoric, define education in economic terms, other purposes will likely remain marginalized, leading to education policies designed disproportionately to advance economic ends.


2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3413
Author(s):  
Erivânia Camelo de Almeida ◽  
Aderaldo Alexandrino Freitas ◽  
Késia Alcântara Queiroz Pontual ◽  
Marcília Maria Alves Souza ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
...  

This study was conducted to characterize the epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The state was divided into three regions, and in each region, approximately 300 properties were randomly sampled. From these selected properties, a pre-established number of animals were randomly selected and blood serum samples were obtained. A total of 3,901 animals were selected from 900 properties. For each selected property, an epidemiological questionnaire was administered to assess the type of farming, the animal husbandry practices and the sanitary practices that could be associated with the presence of brucellosis infection. The testing protocol consisted of screening the samples with a buffered acidified plate antigen test and retesting the positive samples with a complement fixation test (CF). One positive animal was enough to define an infected herd. The prevalence rates of infected herds and animals in the state were 4.5% [3.2; 6.4%] and 1.4% [0.7; 2.7%], respectively. By region, the prevalence rates of infected herds and animals, respectively, were as follows: Zona da Mata, 3.3% [1.8; 6.1%] and 1.7% [0.5; 3.0%]; Agreste, 7.4% [4.9; 10.9%] and 1.9% [0.8; 3.0%]; and Sertão, 1.3% [0.5; 3.5%] and 0.7% [0.0; 1.6%]. Flooded pastures (OR = 2.86 [1.37; 6.42]) and the presence of 13 or more females in the herd (3rd quartile) (OR = 2.65 [1.19; 5.89]) were identified as risk factors. The existence of veterinary care emerged as a protective factor against bovine brucellosis in the state of Pernambuco (OR = 0.24 [0.10; 0.58]).


Author(s):  
O. K. Halchynska ◽  
◽  
Ya. V. Yarmolenko ◽  

The main condition for ensuring the economic efficiency of agricultural livestock rearing is the maintenance of wellbeing of farm animals, which is characterized by high productive qualities and the necessary reproductive capacity. At the same time, outbreaks of diseases of various etiologies, including parasitic, are often the cause of reduced productivity of animals. Pest insects control is important in the conditions of intensive animal husbandry, when at big farms and complexes animals are concentrated in large numbers. This increases the risk of reproduction and rapid spread of many insects that parasitize farm animals and are carriers of infectious and invasive diseases and cause economic damage due to reduced animal productivity and quality of raw materials. Protection of animals from ecto- and endoparasites requires the development and creation of highly effective antiparasitic drugs, because providing the necessary range of means to combat diseases of animals, inexpensive in price, in user-friendly forms is a way to further development of animal husbandry. Recent years mark a development of the domestic market of medicines for veterinary use, an increase in the number of registered drugs, the development of enterprises producing medicines, an increase in the number of companies engaged in pharmaceutical activities in both wholesale and retail. All this speaks of the prospects of the market of medicines for veterinary use. Specialists working in the field of production and sale of medicines need immediate, objective and reliable information on the state of the pharmaceutical market. This information has a significant volume and dynamism. Identifying the peculiarities of the formation of the market of veterinary goods at the state level should contribute to the improvement of management methods in this sphere, and the development of veterinary entrepreneurship. Therefore, the reorientation of domestic pharmaceutical companies to the principles of marketing will ensure the search, development and production of effective and competitive drugs, which will meet the pressing needs of customers. The aim of the work was to study the structure of the domestic pharmaceutical market, namely veterinary insectoacaricides. Our research focused on such tasks as studying the nomenclature of veterinary insectoacaricides of foreign and domestic manufacturers by the following indicators: manufacturers, species, forms of release and means of administration. The study of imported products also focused on the country of manufacture according to the State Register of Medicines. The study uses the methods of survey, analysis, comparison, generalization to get the required information. Statistical method was used to process the obtained data. Insectoacaricides are a significant share of the domestic pharmaceutical market. The study group is represented by 186 drugs of domestic and foreign manufacture, which is about 3% of the total number of all registered drugs. Of the 186 registered drugs, 35.5% (66) are imported and 64.5% (120) are domestic. Among insectoacaricides of foreign manufacture, the largest market share is occupied by Merial and KRKA, d.d., Novo mesto – 10.6% each (7 drugs each), KVP Pharma and Veterinar-Product GmbH – 9.1% (6 drugs), and among domestic companies the products of TOV “UKRBIONIT”; VK “KRUG”; TOV “NOVA PLUS” comprises 14.2% (17 drugs), TOV “Vetsintez” and TOV “NOVA PLUS” - 10.8% (13 drugs each), TOV “MEDIPROMTEK”, TOV company “Product”, TOV “NVP “SUZIRIA” – 8.3% (10 drugs each). The implementation of marketing activities which includes the research of the pharmaceutical market, allows companies to better adapt to market economy conditions, determine tactics of competitive behavior, adapt to change, improve strategy, change the production process according to consumer requirements and needs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
N. Basiurkina ◽  
B. Iegorov ◽  
A. Makarynska

The article presents statistics on the number of pigs and poultry in Ukraine and Odessa region for 1990-2019 and the results of the calculation of needs for premixes and protein-vitamin supplements (PVS) in Ukraine, and in particular, in Odessa region, the average increase and volumes of compound feed consumption. The main purpose of the calculation is to determine the production potential of premixes and compound feeds in Ukraine and in the region, the cost of compound feeds in poultry farming using different types of premixes and PVS.According to the Main Department of Statistics in Odesa Oblast, the number of pigs has decreased over the past five years, and the number of poultry has increased by 7.3%.The calculation of the need for premixes and PVS is determined by the volume of feed production, the need for which depends on the number of livestock and poultry, data on their average growth and consumption of feed.The method of calculating the number of pigs and poultry (forecast) depending on the needs of the population in livestock food, as well as the results of the forecast of the number of pigs and chickens in Ukraine and Odessa region for 2020-2023, which amounted to 5702, 0 and 173.0 thousand goals, 224.8 and 3.3 million goals, respectively.The calculations taking into account the export-import potential of raw materials showed that in the Odessa region there is a shortage of capacity, namely: P mf forecast = 104819.6 thousand tons.  0, P mf forecast ≥ M year, ie 104819.6  9000.0 thousand tons, so in the Odessa region should provide a feed mill with a capacity of 15 thousand tons per shift in two shifts is appropriate and reasonable. The potential of production and sale of compound feeds in the Odessa region, which is up to 8500 thousand tons of feed, 85 thousand tons of premixes and 2430 thousand tons of PVS, calculated the main producers and consumers of feed products.The estimated economic efficiency of the use of feed enriched with complex premixes, as a result of which it is possible to reduce the cost of obtaining 10 eggs to 280 million UAH. per year, and in the fattening of suckling piglets - zeko-nomity in the production of pork up to 3.15 million UAH.


Author(s):  
А.А. Анисимов ◽  
П.И. Комахин ◽  
В.Н. Золотарев

Важнейшей проблемой продовольственной безопасности страны является уровень обеспеченности населения молочными продуктами. В связи с этим большое значение имеет опыт работы передовых хозяйств такого профиля в определённых почвенно-климатических и природно-экологических условиях. ФГБУ «Опытная станция «Пойма» является одним из наиболее эффективных хозяйств в Московской области по производству молока. Общая площадь сельскохозяйственных угодий составляет 6135 га, из них 2000 га пашни. В структуре посевных площадей 95% и более занимают кормовые культуры, в том числе 12–14% — однолетние травы, 68–70% — многолетние травы и природные кормовые угодья, 15–16% — кукуруза на силос. Основное производство кормов сосредоточено на высокоплодородных пойменных землях, на долю которых приходится 84% кормовых угодий. В статье изложены результаты системного применения достижений науки и передового опыта по стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов. Проведён анализ состояния кормопроизводства и животноводства хозяйства с 1982 по 2020 год, освещены научные подходы к увеличению производства кормов и животноводческой продукции. Системное освоение передовых научных разработок по созданию высокопродуктивных кормовых посевов и стабильному производству высококачественных объёмистых кормов, их рациональному хранению и использованию, техническая модернизация позволили увеличить среднегодовой надой на корову с 4079 до 9708 кг, или более чем в 2,3 раза, при одновременном снижении расхода кормов на 1 кг молока с 1,37 до 0,90 корм. ед. при повышении рентабельности с 16 до 28%. Food safety of the country is highly affected by the availability of milk products. Therefore, the experience of leading farms is of great importance under certain environmental conditions. The Research Station “Poyma” is one of the leading milk producers in the Moscow region. Its fields occupy around 6135 ha. The proportion of forage crops amounts to 95% including 12–14% of annual grasses, 68–70% of perennial grasses and natural forage lands as well as 15–16% of maize for silage production. 84% of the total cultivation area are high-fertile floodlands. This article focuses on the application of the latest scientific findings and advanced experience for stable production of high-quality bulk fodder. The efficiency of forage production and Animal Husbandry was analyzed in the period from 1982 to 2020. The methods and practices were reviewed to optimize forage and animal product resources. Average annual milk yield was improved from 4079 to 9708 kg per cow, or by more than 2.3 times due to the introduction of the latest findings into the production process including the cultivation of high-productive forage crops, stabilization of bulk fodder supplies, feed effective storage and use. Forage consumption dropped from 1.37 to 0.90 feed units for the production of 1 kg of milk, payback increased from 16 to 28%.


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